SU1472468A1 - Method of inhibiting carbamide nitrification process in soil - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular, to methods for preventing nitrogen loss of fertilizers from soil as a result of denitrification and leaching. The goal is to increase the efficiency of the inhibition process. A method of inhibiting the process of nitrifying carbamide in the soil is to add 50% aqueous solutions of 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine oxalate or 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine oxalate and N-oxide 2-methylpyridine with a ratio (80-95) :( 5 -20), preferably 90:10. The proposed solutions inhibit the carbamide nitrification process in the soil two times stronger than the base inhibitor. 1 hp f-ly, 1 tab.

Description

one

The invention of farming is agricultural, in particular to methods that prevent the loss of nitrogen from fertilizers from soil by denitrification and leaching.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the inhibiting process.

Inhibition of the carbamide nitrification process in the soil is carried out by applying 50% aqueous solutions of 2-methyl-5-methylpyridine oxalate or 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine oxalate and N-acid-2-methylpyridine at mass ratios ( 95-80),: (5-20), preferably 90:10, in an amount of 1-20 wt.%

from the mass of nitrogen fertilizer, preferably 20 wt.%.

The tests were carried out in laboratory conditions on the alkaline black soil. The soil is sifted through a sieve with 3 mm holes,. moistened to 60% of full capacity. Crystalline urea was added to the moistened soil at the rate of 200 mg of nitrogen per 1 kg of soil and 50% aqueous solutions of 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine oxalate or 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine oxalate and N-oxide 2-methylpyridine at a dose of 1 , 10 and 20 wt.% From the mass of nitrogen fertilizers. The N-Serve inhibitor was applied to 2 wt.% By weight of nitrogen fertilizers.

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The soil mixture — urea — an inhibitor carefully, mixed, filled the glass vessels and incubated in a thermostat at 25 ° C. Samples were taken for analysis after 7, 14, 21 and 35 days. Ammonia nitrogen was determined with Nessler's reagent, and nitrate nitrogen with an ion-selective electrode on the OR-211/1 potentiometer. The proposed inhibitors in a preferred dose of 20 wt.% By weight of urea nitrogen inhibit the process of nitrification in the soil for 35 days. The greatest inhibitory effect is obtained when the components are 90:10. In the presence of nitrification inhibitors, senna urea decomposes at a lower rate than in the control variant.

The table presents data on the effect of inhibitors on the process of nitrification in soil.

After 25 days of incubation, in variants with inhibitors in the soil, up to 25% of the introduced amount of urea nitrogen in the ammonium phase was kept in the soil, and in the variant without inhibitor only 3%. In the experiment with indi- biter N-Serve, the difference between the control was only 10%, then

as in the variants with the proposed inhibitors of 22%. Thus, the studied inhibitors (50% WATER solution of 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine. Oxalate or a mixture of 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine oxalate with N-oxide 2-methylpyridine) inhibit the nitrification of carbamide in the soil twice. stronger than the N-Serve inhibitor.

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the invention

1. A method for inhibiting the process of nitrifying carbamide in the soil, including introducing a nitrification inhibitor based on an alkylpyridine derivative, -Otichie, so that, in order to increase the efficiency of the inhibition process, 50% aqueous solutions of 2-methyl are used as an alkylpyridine derivative 5-ethylpyridine oxalate or 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine oxalate and N-oxide 2-metry1 Pyridine with a ratio (80-95) :( 5-20).

2. Method Clause 1, differs from the fact that the inhibitor is applied in a dose of 1–20% of the mass of urea nitrogen.

Urea 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine hydroxide

Urea + 2-metip- and pyridan-oxalic + H-ok

2-methylpyridium a

-V-

Urea without inhibitor

Control without urea and without inhibitor

Overnight + N-Serve

Claims (2)

Claim 1. A method of inhibiting the process of nitrification of urea in the soil, comprising introducing a nitrification inhibitor based on an alkyl pyridine derivative, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of the inhibition process, 50% aqueous solutions of 2-methyl-5 are used as an alkyl pyridine derivative ethyl oxyl pyridine or 2-methyl-5-ethyl pyridine oxalic acid and N-oxide 2-methylpyridine in the ratio (80-95) :( 5-20). 2. The method according to ·, claim 1, characterized in that the inhibitor is introduced in a dose of 1-20% by weight of urea nitrogen. ♦ Urea inhibitor The ratio Dose . (200 mg / kg soil) chenne inhibitory compo rations tents. May .2 May .2 During incubation, weeks. 1 '2 3 Ν-ΝΗ "| n-NOj N-NH ₄ I N-NOj LNH ₄ | N-NO _S Urea · * 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine oxalic Urea · * 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine oxalic + N-oxide 2-netylpyridium - ^and „| 1_ - Urea without inhibitor Control without Urea and Urea ♦ N-Serve Inhibitor 100 1 181 89 83 205 8 301 3. 383 loo 10 195 68 96 185 27 295 3 367 100 20 207 57 130 ¹⁵⁵ 42 265 5 340 90:10 1 186 86 85 209 6 305 3 385 90:10 10 190 78 90 187 23 291 3 370 90:10 20 206 63 130 148 35 276 3 369 80:20 1 184 83 81 199 7 303 3 • 384 80:20 10 191. 77 92 185 20 297 .. 3 380 80:20 20 195 80 97 190 25 290 3 360 95: 5 1 185 88 83 205 6 .300 3 381 95: 5 10 187 86 85 202 7 306 3 385 95: 5 20 188 85 85 200 12 305 4 375 - - 186 87 82 207 7 300 4 385 8 36 Follow 47 Traces 55 1 76 - 2 * - r  -. · 26 22 6 16