SU1472199A1 - Friction-welding machine spindle rotation drive - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to friction welding, namely to equipment for its implementation. The purpose of the invention is to increase the durability of the drive spindle rotation and reduce costs during operation of the friction welding machine. For this, the rotation drive of the machine spindle is equipped with a hydrodynamic acceleration clutch. The coupling housing is elastically connected to its turbine wheel and is kinematically connected to the spindle. On the peripheral part of the housing and the turbine wheel, coaxial channels are made to drain the fluid from the working volume of the coupling. The design of the clutch provides quick on and off spindle drive rotation. Using a clutch to accelerate the spindle allows you to unload the drive friction clutch. 1 il.

Description

The invention relates to friction welding, namely, equipment for its implementation.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the durability of the spindle rotation drive and reduce the costs of operating the machine.

The drawing shows a variant of the design of the drive rotation of the spindle of the machine for friction welding.

The rotational drive consists of a spindle assembly including a housing 1, a spindle 2 with supports, a gear wheel 3, a brake 4, an electric motor 5, a belt drive 6, a drive friction clutch 7 with an electromagnet 8 for its activation, mounted on the intermediate shaft 9, the pinion gear 10 and hydrodynamic coupling.

The hydrodynamic coupling consists of a housing 11 mounted coaxially with the intermediate shaft 9 and rigidly connected to the drive gear 10. Inside the housing 11 there is a pump wheel 12 mounted on the intermediate shaft 9, and a turbine wheel 13 connected through elastic elements 14 with the housing 11c with the possibility of limited turning relative to the latter.

In the intermediate shaft 9, channels 15 are provided for supplying fluid to the lateral cavity 16 of the coupling, and channels for draining the liquid are made as coaxial holes 17 and 18 on the peripheral part of the turbine wheel 13 and the body 11, respectively.

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The rotation drive of the spindle of the friction welding machine works as follows.

After starting the machine, the electric motor - the gel is turned on and the rotation from it is transmitted through a belt drive 6 to the intermediate shaft 9,

To further transfer the rotation to the spindle 2 through the channels 15, the working fluid is fed into the front cavity 16 of the hydrodynamic clutch through the channels 15 in the intermediate shaft 9 from the lubrication system of the machine (not shown). This fluid is discharged by the blades of the pump wheel- 5 spindle 2, close to the nominal 12 on the blades of the turbine wheel of the 13th value (about 75-80%), then.

The clutch cannot transmit torque, and on the turbine wheel 13 it will become zero. The absence of the torque motif allows the elastic elements 14 to rotate the turbine wheel 13 relative to the body 11 to the initial position, in which the axes of the holes 17 and 18 are aligned and the working fluid from the torus cavity 16 is drained by centrifugal forces into the body 1 of the spindle assembly.

Since the drive friction clutch 7 is turned on at a frequency of rotation of spindle 2 close to the nominal value (in the order of 75-80%), then.

The clutch cannot transmit torque, and on the turbine wheel 13 it will become zero. The absence of the torque motif allows the elastic elements 14 to rotate the turbine wheel 13 relative to the body 11 to the initial position, in which the axes of the holes 17 and 18 are aligned and the working fluid from the torus cavity 16 is drained by centrifugal forces into the body 1 of the spindle assembly.

Since the drive friction clutch 7 is turned on at a frequency of

and at the last a torque appears in accordance with the principle of operation of the hydrodynamic coupling.

Under the action of torque, the turbine wheel 13 starts to rotate and, by deforming the elastic elements 14, carries the housing 11. Due to the deformation of the elastic elements 14, the turbine wheel 13 rotates relative to the housing 11, due to which the axis of the hole 17 in the turbine wheel 13 and the axis The openings 18 in the clutch housing 11 are displaced, as a result of which the working fluid is drained from the torus cavity 16 of the clutch. This allows the working fluid to be filled and to obtain the required torque transmitted by the clutch for 0.5-1.0 s, i.e. to ensure the normal operation of the rotational drive.

From the clutch housing 11, the torque is transmitted to the drive gear 10 and then through the gear 3 to the spindle 2. Under the action of rotation, the spindle 2 first accelerates to a rotational speed less than the nominal by 20-25%, which is detected by the sensor 19 rotation frequency of spindle 2. The signal from sensor 19 is converted into commands for activating the drive friction clutch 7 by transferring voltage to the coil of its electromagnet 8 and for stopping the supply of fluid to channel 15.

Under the joint action of the torque of the hydrodynamic and friction clutches, the rotational speed of the pinion gear 10 becomes equal to the rotational frequencies of the intermediate shaft 9 and, therefore, the pump 12 and the turbine 13 wheels. With equal frequency of rotation of the wheels, hydrodynamic

the work of the friction force of its friction elements will be insignificant and will be only 10-12.5% compared to the prototype based on the ratio

A a

  and - 2i) „

0 5 0

d

five

0

five

where A is the work of the friction forces in the friction clutch 7;

A-the same, the prototype; rated speed

friction clutch; Shd is the initial frequency of rotation of the friction clutch.

This dramatically reduces the wear of the clutch friction elements.

Further transfer of rotation at the heating stage is carried out only by the drive friction clutch 7, which ensures high efficiency of the drive, and the frequency of rotation of the spindle 2, since the clutch 7 works only as a safety and relative slippage of its friction elements is absent.

Since the torque cannot be transferred by the hydrodynamic clutch after the fluid is drained from the torus cavity 16, it does not prevent the spindle 2 from braking with the necessary deceleration mode to obtain a quality welded joint.

The hydrodynamic clutch of the proposed design provides fast switching on and off of the drive of the spindle rotation, it does not have great complexity and dimensions. Its use allows to significantly increase the durability of the drive due to the unloading of the drive friction clutch during the spindle acceleration, when and, mainly, the wear of its friction-bearing elements occurs.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A rotation drive of a spindle of a friction welding machine, comprising an electric motor and a drive friction clutch mounted with the possibility of interaction by a spindle, characterized in that, in order to increase the durability of the drive and 1996 reducing the costs of operating the machine, it is equipped with an accelerating hydrodynamic coupling, the casing of which is elastically connected to its turbine wheel and is kinematically connected to the spindle, and coaxial channels are made on the peripheral part of the casing and the turbine wheel to drain the fluid from the coupling volume.