SU1469495A1 - Method and apparatus of element-by-element photographic printing of compound cinematographic image - Google Patents

Description

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The invention relates to professional cinematography, in particular, to the issues of printing combined frames using film and television equipment, and is intended for use in the production of a combined motion picture with the use of foreground and background images from pre-selected pieces.

The purpose of the invention is quality improvement. The drawing shows a functional diagram of the device of the element-by-element optical printing of the combined film image.

The device contains a kinescope 1, a deflecting system 2, a block 3 sweeps, the first optical forming system 4, the first electric drive 5 of the block 6 correcting, light filters, the film channel 7 for the foreground blank, the film channel 8 for the background blank, the carriage 9, the second electric drive 10 of the carriage 9, the second optical forming system 11, the beam-splitting cube 12, the block 13 of zonal filters with the third electric drive 14 of the block 13 the third optical forming system 15, the electric shutter 16, the electrical control system 17 16, film channel 18 for the exposed film, color separation system 19, block 20 of three photo receivers, block 21 preamplifiers, block 22 logarithm

ditch, color-correcting matrix 23, first additional switch 24, contour mask video signal extraction unit 25, contour mask video signal storage 26, foreground color image video memory 27, foreground color image memory 28, second additional switch 29, video processor 30, random-access memory 31 of the video signal of a color combined image, exponential pre the creator 32, the main switch 33, the video amplifier 34, block. 35, an aperture control, a synchronous generator 36, a software device block 37, an exposure meter 38, an exposure task block 39, a visualization system 40, a three-channel densitometer 41, a signal input block 42 from an external source.

The units and units of the device are connected in the following manner. The kinescope I s- deviated from ktsts. System 2 of which is connected to the sweep unit 3 is optically connected through successively located first optical forming system 4, unit 6 Koppei optical filters connected to the first electric drive 5, film channel 7 or film channel 8 which are mounted on a movable carriage 9 mechanically connected with the second electric drive 10, the second optical forming system 11, the beam-splitting cube 12, the block 13 of zonal light filters connected to the third electric drive 14, the third optical fiber rmiruyuschuyu system 15, an electric valve 16 connected to the control system 17, with the film channel 18, and through the second output freshly todelitelnogo cube 12 trehkanal- hydrochloric color separation optical system 19 with the input unit 20 of the three imaginary pho toprie kov.j 5

The outputs of block 20 are electrically connected through a series-connected preamplifier block 21, a block 22 of logifiers, a color-correcting matrix 23 with inputs 20 of the first additional switch 24. The outputs of the first additional switch 24 are connected to the inputs of the contour mask video extractor 25, to the inputs of the operational 25 storage the foreground color image video signal device 27, the background color image video signal storage device 28, the outputs 30 of which through the series-connected switch 29, video processor 30, random access memory 31 of the video signal of the color combined image are connected to the input of the exponential converter 32, the first output of which is through the switch 33 and the video amplifier 34 is connected to the kinescope 1 input, and the second output is connected to the first input 40 of the visualization system 40 .

The output of the video mask isolating unit 25 of the contour mask via the video signal 26 of the contour mask is connected to the inputs of the switch 29 and the video processor 30. The second code of the RAM memory 26 of the contour mask video signal is connected to the control input of the switch 33, and the third output through the control unit 35 - ki aperture connected to the focusing electrode (not shown) of the kinescope 1,

The output of the block 22 of logifiers of the video amplifier 34. You of the block 42 for inputting signals from the external source are connected to the second video processor 30, to the outputs of which are connected a three-phase densitometer 41, the output to go is connected to the control input of the posimeter 38. The outputs of the synchrogen 10 pa 36 are connected to sync

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the inputs of the block 3 sweeps, the block of preamplifiers, comforters 24,29,33, block 25 in the video signal of the XK contour mask 27, 28, 31, video processor 30, de-amplifier 34, program control unit 37 i of the position setting system 39 and visualization system. The software control unit 37 dies are connected to the control inputs of the paths 5, IQi and 14, the memory devices 26, 27, and 31, the video processor 30, the commutators 24, 29 and 33, the visualization system 40 and the external source signal input block 42 .

The process of obtaining a combined image according to the proposed soba consists of three modes, n modes I and II consist of two e each.

1 mode. Analysis of images of Him and the background. Control of the binned frame.

At the first stage, an image analysis is carried out in front of the plan, taken on a separated background. From the colors, the signals corresponding to the image of the plan, form a signal to the contour of the countermask. The generated colored signals and the contour-contour signal are memorized for a time of five combined frame. At the same stage, the sig of the contour mask is formed and stored from the signal of the contour mask.

At the second stage, the background image analysis is performed and the color separations corresponding to this image are memorized.

After completing the second stage by known methods (for example, X

the cut-off meter 38 and the block 39 of the task (j ma-cay) are formed from the stored

the exposure is connected to the input of the electrical shutter control system 17 16. The second output of the exposure exposure unit 39 is connected to the second input

color-separated signals corresponding to the images of the front and rear plans, the combined signal corresponding to the printed combination

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output video amplifier 34. The outputs of the signal input unit 42 from an external source are connected to the second inputs of the video processor 30, to the auxiliary outputs of which a three-channel densitometer 41 is connected, the output of which is connected to the control input of the meter 38. The outputs of the synchronous generator 36 are connected to the synchronizing

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the inputs of block 3 sweeps, block 21 pre-amplifiers, switches 24,29,33, block 25 of the video signal of the HZU contour mask 26, 27, 28, 31, video processor 30, video amplifier 34, block 37 of the program control i of the exposure task block 39 and visualization system . The outputs of the software control unit 37 are connected with the control inputs of the actuators 5, IQi and 14, the operational storage devices 26, 27, 28 and 31, the video processor 30, the switches 24, 29 and 33, the visualization system 40 and the signal input unit 42 from external source.

The process of obtaining a combined image of the proposed method consists of three modes, with modes I and II consisting of two stages each.

1 mode. Analysis of images before him and the background. Control of the combined frame.

At the first stage, an element-by-element analysis of the foreground image, taken on a separated colored background, is performed. From the color-coded signals, corresponding to the foreground image, they form a contour-contour signal. The generated color-separated signals and the contour countermask signal are memorized at the time of printing of the combined frame. At the same stage, the signal of the contour mask is formed and memorized from the signal of the contour countermask.

At the second stage, the background image analysis is performed by element-by-element analysis and the color-separated signals corresponding to this image are stored.

After the end of the second stage, using known methods (for example, Chrojma-Kay) is formed from memorized

ma cay) is formed from memorized

color separation signals corresponding to the foreground and background images, a combined signal corresponding to the printed frame combined. The combined signal is stored and subsequently used to correct the print parameters of the combined frame. For this, the combined signal is supplied as input to the imaging system.

2 mode Adjusting the parameters of the combined frame peati.

Visually monitor the image of the combined frame, produce separate gradation, contrast color correction of its parts (peednogo and background), accordingly changing the parameters of the color-15 signals. At the same time, the exposure conditions for printing each of the parts of the combined frame are determined.

3 modes Elemental optical 20 printing of the combined frame.

At the first stage, the background is printed. For this, a control signal is formed, consisting of a contour mask signal and passed processing of the background image halftone mask signals. The generated signal controls the mode of operation of the kinescope.

At the second stage, when printing, the foreground images control the operation mode of the kinescope by a signal consisting of signals of the contour and halftone backmask corresponding to the foreground image. The halftone mask and countermask signals are formed from the images of the foreground and the background of the color separation signals, corresponding to the images of the foreground and 40 ° front plans, respectively, obtained from the front panel.

At both stages of this mode, according to the law of change of the signal, the countercores change the aperture of the printing beam of the kinescope in order to reduce the visibility of the border between the foreground and background in the combined frame.

The process of obtaining a combined color movie in the device is as follows.

Zarya in film channels 7 and 8 of the film (positive or negative) with gjj foreground image, removed on a monochrome separated background, and the background, respectively, and unexposed in film channel 18

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(negative or positive) film.

An element-by-element analysis of the foreground image is performed, forming color-separated signals corresponding to it, which are stored in the operational storage device 27 of the color video signal of the foreground image for further processing. At the same time, in block 25, the video signal of the contour mask is generated by the signals of the contour contour mask and the contour mask, which are stored in the random access memory 26 of the video signal of the contour mask.

Perform an elemental analysis of the background image. For this, in place of the movie channel 7, the movie channel 8 is installed. The color separation signals obtained as a result of the analysis, corresponding to the background image, are remembered in the random access memory 28 of the color video signal of the background image.

When reading from the electrical storage devices 27 and 28 of the electric color separated signals corresponding to the foreground and background images in the switch 29, to the control input of which the signal of the contour countermasks from the random access memory 26 is fed, a combined color signal corresponding to the frame being printed. This signal is supplied to video processor 30, in which gradation, frequency-contrast and color corrections are made to the parts of the combined image. The combined signal processed in this way is stored in the random access memory 31 of the video signal of the color combined image. At the same time, using the three-channel densitometer 41 connected to the additional outputs of the video processor 30, determine the necessary exposure conditions for printing parts of the combined frame. Using the obtained data, the values of the exposures produced by the exposure meter 38 are analyzed when analyzing the images of the foreground and background. For: visual quality control of the combined frame is used

the visualization system 40, to the input of which, via the exponential converter 32, signals stored in the random access memory 31 corresponding to the combined image are fed.

After selecting the optimal parameters of the printing modes of the combined frame, the background image will be printed. To do this, on the screen of the kinescope 1, an image is formed consisting of a contour mask and a halftone mask combined with it. This image is formed of the signals arriving at the inputs of the switch 33 from the output of the operational memory 26 of the video signal of the contour mask and from the output of the exponential converter 32, and at the input In this case, the exponential converter 32 receives the signal processed in the video processor 30 and stored in the random access memory 31 corresponding to the background image . Light shims raster, formed on the screen. Kineskopa 1, scan the background image installed in the film channel 8, and print it on the unexposed film installed in the film channel 18.

After finishing the printing of the background, the film channel 7 VI is installed in the beam path on the screen of the kinescope 1 to form an image consisting of a contour countermask and a halftone countermask combined with it. This image is formed from the signals arriving at the inputs of the switch 33 from the output of the operational memory 26 of the video signal of the contour mask and from the output of the exponential converter 32, and in this case the input of the exponential converter 32 is processed in the video processor 30 and stored in the color video memory 31 combo image signal corresponding to the foreground image. The light with a raster formed on the screen of the kinescope 1 scans the foreground image found in the movie channel 7 and prints it at unexposed areas.

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film installed in film channel 18.

After the element-by-element printing of the combined frame is completed, the films in film channels 7, 8, and 18 are rewound for one frame, the following frames are analyzed and printed, and so on. After the completion of printing the entire captured plan, the standard chemical and photographic processing of the exposed film is performed.

A device for producing combined motion pictures operates in three modes corresponding to the three modes of the process of obtaining combined frames by the proposed method. The switching of the operation modes occurs according to the commands received from the program control unit 37.

The device works as follows.

In film channels 7 and 8, film blanks with a foreground image are set on a separated monochrome background and a background. In the film channel 18 install unexposed film. On command from the program control unit 37, the White field signal is generated at the output of the switch 33, which is fed through the video amplifier 34 to the control electrode (not shown) of the kinescope 1, on the screen of which, using the unit 3 sweeps connected to the sync generator 36, and the output to the deflecting system 2, a uniformly luminous raster is formed, which by the optical system 4 at the output of the corrective light filters 6 is projected into the plane of the frame window (not shown) of the film channel 7.

The luminous flux modulated by the optical densities of the positive (negative) installed in the film channel 7 with the foreground image is transmitted through the optical system 11, the light-splitting cube 12 and the color-separation system 19 to the block 20

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of the three photodetectors. The electrical signals E, Eg, Eg from the outputs of the photoreceivers of block 20 are fed through a block of 21 pre-amplifiers, in which the black level of the amplified signals is fixed and their anti-noise correction, is fed to block 22 of logarifmators, in which the conversion is performed

video signals of separations of transparency E, EQ, E to video signals of separations of optical densities E „,

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The first outputs of the block 22 of logifiers are connected to the inputs of the tunable color-correcting matrix 23, in which the compensation of the harmful side absorption of the dyes of colored multi-layer dyes is performed by means of linear matrixing of the logarithmic video signals. The second outputs of the logarithmizer unit 22 are connected to the main input of the meter 38, in which the determination of the exposure conditions for printing is determined depending on the ratio between the signals arriving at its inputs.

From the output of the color-correcting matrix 23, the color-separated signals through the switch 24 are fed to the inputs of block 25, signaling the contour mask signal, in which the signal corresponding to the foreground image is separated, and contour mask and contour masks are generated, which are stored in the operative memory device 26. At the same time, the video signals from the second output of the switch 24 are stored in the RAM memory 27 of the foreground color image video signal.

After that, on command from block 37 of the software device, which enters the electric drive 10 of the movable carriage 9, instead of the movie channel 7, the movie channel 8c is set, in preparation for the background image. Similarly to the above, the background image is analyzed and the corresponding color-separated signals are stored in the RAM video signal 28 of the background color image.

Thus, as a result of the element-by-element analysis of the images of the foreground and background, color-separated electrical signals corresponding to these images were obtained and stored, as well as contour mask signals and control masks were formed.

The next step is the production of control of the combined frame. A command from the software control unit 37 reads the signals stored in the operative memory devices 27 and 28, which are fed to the main inputs of the switch 29, to the control input of which the output signal of the contour countermask comes from the output of the operational memory 26. In this case, a combined signal is generated at the output of the switch 29, which corresponds to the combined image synthesized on the film. The resulting color combined signal (its color-separated components) are separately processed in video processor 30, in which electrical signals are subjected to gradation, contrast and color corrections. Moreover, correction of signals corresponding to the foreground image (E ", E", and signals, corresponding to the background image (B

Rjn

E

c, sn

,), is carried out in such a way that in the combined image there is no difference in terms of color, hue and clarity between the foreground and background images. The ER signals, QKK, formed in this way, are fed from the main output of the video processor 30 to the inputs of the video signal memory 31 color combined image, from the outputs of which the stored and read by command from the program control unit 37, signals are sent to the exponential converter 32, in which izvodits converting optical densities of video signals in video optical prozrachnoe- Tei, which must be proportionately vary emitting brightness of the screen of the kinescope I.

To control the quality of the combined signal, the visualization system 40 is used, connected to the additional outputs of the exponential converter 32 According to the results of the visual control of the image, additional correction of both parts and the combined frame as a whole can be made (in this case, switch to manual control mode video processor DZ), as well as the conditions of conjugation of parts of the combined frame, i.e. can be eliminated stray light

or darkening along the contour of the foreground image.

In addition, 1 three color imbalances between the images of the foreground and background blanks are used in printing, correction filters 6, the parameters of which are entered into the video processor 30. All of these corrections, to which the sepa- rate signals, corresponding to the foreground and background images, will be used separately on printing modes of the combined frame upon receipt of corrective halftone masks and back masks.

After performing the above operations, the program control unit 37 receives a command by which a three-channel densitometer 41 connected to the outputs of the video processor 30 is used to measure the corrected signals corresponding to the optical densities of the parts of the printed composite image, and the correction coefficients for correction exposure, a specific meter 38, which from the output of the three-channel densitometer 41 receives an error signal. From the meter output 38, a control voltage is applied to the input of the exposure task unit 39. The magnitude of the latter determines the time intervals during which each part of the combined frame is subsequently printed.

The actual printing of the combined frame begins with printing the image.

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the operational memory 31 of the video signal of the color combined image and the exponential converter 32 are fed to the main inputs of the switch 33, which forms the sum signal consisting of the contour mask signal itself and the corrective half mask signal, which is fed to the control electrode (34 not shown) kinescope) (if there is a resolving potential from the exposure setting unit 39 for the entire time the background image is printed),

The light from the screen of the kinescope 1 through the optical system 4 and the corrective light filters 6 scan the background image in the film channel 8. The luminous flux proportional to the optical transparency of the workpiece and the brightness of the raster on the screen of the kinescope

I, through the second optical system

II, the beam-splitting cube 12, the third optical system 15, when the electric shutter 16 is open, an image of the rear Gshan is printed on the unexposed film in the film channel 18. Moreover, the film sections on which the foreground image is to be located remain unexposed - mi. After the end of the exposure, on command from the block 37 of the software device acting on the electric actuator 10, the carriage 9 is shifted to a position in which the beam is set to 5

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im background On command from the film channel 7 is blocked from the software control procurement 37, color separations of the signal Rnn s, pp. E and pp 3 of the random access memory 28, are connected to the control inputs of the switches 29 and 33, as well as the video processor 30 and the aperture control unit 35 supplies a contour mask signal from the output of the RAM 26 of the contour mask video signal.

At the output of the switch 29, color-separated signals are obtained, corresponding to the background image, in which the levels in the sections corresponding to the foreground image are replaced by the black level. Thus, they form the color-separated signals of the halftone mask, which, after processing in the video processor 30 through

foreground image.

Next, go to print the foreground image. On a command from block 37 of the software device, a color separation of the color separated signals, the memory of the random access memory, was released. 27 video signals of the foreground color image; The control inputs of the switches 29 and 33, as well as the video processor 30 and the aperture control unit 35, receive a signal from the contour countermask from the output of the operating memory 26 of the video signal of the contour mask. At the output of the switch 29, color-separated signals are obtained, corresponding to the foreground image on a monochrome background, with levels corresponding to

foreground image.

Next, go to print the foreground image. A command from block 37 of the software device produces a separation of color-separated signals,, Memory memory of the random access memory .. 27 video signals of the foreground color image; The control inputs of the switches 29 and 33, as well as the video processor 30 and the aperture control unit 35, receive a signal from the contour countermask from the output of the operating memory 26 of the video signal of the contour mask. At the output of the switch 29 receive color-separated signals corresponding to the foreground image on a monochrome background, and the levels corresponding to

The background signals in these signals are replaced by black level.

Thus, color separated halftone countermasks are formed, which, after processing in video processor 30, via exponential converter 32, arrive at the main inputs of switch 33, which forms a total signal consisting of a contour mask signal itself and a corrective half tone signal. Coming through the video amplifier 24 to the control electrode (not shown) of the kinescope 1 (if there is a resolution potential from the exposure setting unit 39 for the whole time of printing the foreground image).

The light from the screen of the kinescope 1 through the optical system 4 and the corrective light filter 6 scans the foreground image, the billet of which is located in the film channel 7. The luminous flux proportional to the optical transparency of the foreground blank and the raster brightness on the kinescope I screen, through the second optical system 11, the beam-splitting cube 12, the third optical system 15, with the electric shutter 16 open, imprints the foreground image into the unexposed portions of the film located in the film channel 18. At this zakanchiva- a combined frame printing. After the end of the exposure from the program control unit 37, the films are rewound in film channels 7, 8 and 18 One frame, after which the next combined frame is printed. .

Both when printing the background image and when printing the foreground image, the aperture of the printing beam on the screen of the kinescope 1 is changed. At the same time, from the fourth output of the memory video device 26 of the mask signal, the aperture control unit or contour mask receives the input which causes a short-term dosed defocusing of the ray of the kinescope 1 on the border of the transition from white to black when printing the background image and from black to white when printing the image Yeni front

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plan. This dosed defocusing of the kinescope 1 beam along the contour of the foreground and background images eliminates the applicability effect of the two-part synthesized composite image.

Claims (2)

1. The method of element-by-element optical printing of a combined film image, according to which the foreground image is analyzed, a contour mask signal is formed and stored, and the foreground and background image are sequentially imprinted onto the unexposed film,. characterized in that In order to improve the quality of the foreground image analysis, the contour countermask signal and the color separation signals corresponding to the Foreground image are formed and stored, the background image is analyzed, the color separation signals corresponding to the background image are generated and stored from the color separation signals obtained during the analysis Corresponding half-tone mask and countermask signals are formed accordingly, and then, according to the received signals of the contour mask and the halftone mask, the modes are controlled. When printing the actor part of the combined frame, the signals of the contour contour and halftone countermasks control the mode of the kinescope when the background of the combined frame is imprinted, and the contour mask signal and countermasks change the beam aperture during its passage along the foreground boundary. . 2. An element-by-element optical printing of a combined film image containing a scanning light source made in the form of a traveling ray kinescope, the deflecting system of which is connected to the output of the scanner unit, to the input of which the output of the synchro-generator is connected, and the unit correcting optically connected through the first optical forming system light filters associated with the first electric drive, film channel for the background blank, the second optical forming system, beam splitting cube, tert optical forming system with a film channel for the exhibited film, while the beam splitting cube is connected through a color separation system with optical inputs of a block of three photodetectors, a block of logarifmators, a color-correcting matrix, an exponential converter, a switch connected by the first the input to the output of the synchronous generator and the output to the input of the video code amplifier, the output of which is connected to the kinescope modulator, is about that with a higher quality circuit va, a movable carriage, on which film channels for blanks are installed and which is kinematically connected with the inserted second electric drive, is inserted into it, a zone light filter unit associated with the introduced third electric drive, an electric gate with a control system, a preamplifier unit, the first additional switch , block of video block contour mask, random access memory of the contour mask video signal, color video random access memory foreground, random access memory of the color image of the background video, second additional switch, video processor, random access memory of the color combined image video signal, aperture control unit, programmer, exposure meter, exposure task unit, visualization system, three-channel densitometer, video signal input unit from an external source, with the unit being pre-lnrs amps connected between the outputs of the photodetector unit and the inputs of the unit l ogarifmators connected by the first outputs to the meter input, the output of which is connected to the first input of the exposure task unit, the first output of which is connected to the input of the electric shutter control system installed between the third optical forming system and the film channel for the exposed film, while the outputs of the color correction matrix are connected to the first group of inputs of the first additional switch ten 20 25 35 thirty five the torus, the first outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the video signal block of the contour mask, the output of which is connected to the first input of the video storage device of the contour mask video signal, the first output of which is connected to the first control input of the second additional switch, the second output to the first input of the video processor, the third output - to the first control input of the switch, the fourth output through the aperture control unit - to the 15 focusing electrode of the kinescope, and through the second outputs of the first auxiliary. switch to the corresponding informational input memory of the video image of the foreground and background color, the outputs of which are connected via the second additional switch to the second inputs of the video processor, the first outputs of which are through the first inputs of the video memory of the color combined image and the exponential converter connected to the inputs of the switch and visualization systems, the second outputs of the video processor are connected to the inputs of a three-channel color densitometer, the output of which is connected to the auxiliary input of the meter, while the outputs of the software device are connected to the control inputs of the first and second electric drives, the exposure setting unit, the contour mask video signal storage device, the operational memory of the color image signal of the front, rear plans and a combined image, a video processor, three commutators of mutators, a visualization system and a signal input unit from an external source, the output of which is connected to the input of the video processor, and the device blocks are synchronized, for which the clock outputs of the preamplifier unit, the software device, the first additional switch, the video mask block of the contour mask, the front-end color image devices, are additionally connected to the clock generator outputs , background and combined image, second 45 50  1469495 additional switch, and. at the same time, the second output of the de-processor job setting unit, the operational memory is connected to the second video control device to the final input of the output video amplifying mask, visualization system, l.