SU1469076A1 - Apparatus for thermal breaking of rock - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the mining industry, namely to devices for thermal destruction of strong; rocks, and is intended primarily for the thermal expansion of blastholes. The goal is to increase the productivity of the device by stabilizing the combustion process in the combustion chamber with increased fuel and oxidant consumption; The device includes a housing I, inside which an intermediate casing 2 and a heat pipe (GT) 3 with radial channels 21 are installed coaxially with it. Vnus “b

Description

The invention relates to mountain industry ^ in particular, to the design of devices for the thermal destruction of strong rock formations by high-temperature gas jets, and is intended primarily for the 5 thermal expansion of blast holes in quarries.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the productivity of the device by stabilizing the combustion process in the combustion chamber at increased fuel and oxidizer consumption.

Figure 1 presents a device for thermal destruction of rocks; figure 2 is a section aa on ' ^{J of} figure 1. .

The device comprises a housing I, an intermediate casing 2 and a heat pipe 3, coaxially located with it, inside which a combustion chamber 4 is formed, bounded above by a plate 5, and below by a nozzle apparatus 6 with its cooling paths 7. Above the plate 5, coaxially with it, it is placed 25 on the distribution head 8. In the gap between the flame tube 3 and the plate 5, there is a cylindrical nozzle 9 with longitudinal channels. A cavity 10 is formed between the plate 5 and the distribution head 8. The intermediate casing 2 forms annular channels 11 and 12 with the housing 1 and the flame tube 3. The plate 5 is equipped with a nozzle 13 for atomizing fuel in the combustion chamber 4. Channel 14 is made for supplying fuel to the nozzle 13 from the fuel supply line in plate 5 of channel 5. Channel 15 is also made in plate 5 for introducing air into chamber 4 of combustion, connected with cavity 10. Annular channel 12 is connected with cavity 10 through radial channel 16 nozzle 9. The combustion chamber 4 is in direct communication with the line 17 for supplying the oxidizing agent. Through the longitudinal 18 and additional 19 channels, in the 4 £ · charge 9 and the distribution head 8. The combustion products flow out of the combustion chamber through the nozzle 20. The oxidizer inlet is air- in combustion chamber 4.

Niya is carried out using radial channels 21 in the flame tube 3.

The device operates as follows.

Fuel components (air and $ 2 fuel) are fed into the combustion chamber 4, where they are mixed and participate in the combustion process. For the formation of high-temperature supersonic; The nozzle 20 serves as the gas jet of the combustion products. A high-temperature gas jet acts on the rock and causes its brittle fracture due to thermal stresses. When this oxidizer is supplied from the highway 17 into the combustion chamber 4 in two streams. One part of the air is directed to the annular channel 11, from where it enters the cooling paths 7 of the nozzle apparatus 6 and then to the annular channel 12. In these channels, the air is heated by cooling the nozzle apparatus 6 and the flame tube 3 and then through the radial channels 21 of the flame tube, and also the radial channel 16 of the nozzle 9, the cavity 10 and the channel 15 of the plate 5 enters the combustion chamber 4. The heated air is mixed in the upper part of the combustion chamber 4 with atomized fuel, forming a fuel mixture. Air heating promotes high-quality mixing of air with fuel and improves burner start-up. The second part of the air is supplied from the line 17 to the combustion chamber 4, bypassing the cooling channels of the device, through the channels 19 and 18 of the distribution head 8 and the nozzle 9. Since the lower end of the nozzle 9 is placed inside the combustion chamber 4, this part of the air is colder than first, it enters the middle part of the combustion chamber 4 in the zone of the most intense combustion. Therefore, this part of the air is also heated in the nozzle 9 due to heat exchange with the heated walls of the nozzle 9. Thus, the entire amount of air is supplied to the combustion chamber 4 in a heated state, which increases combustion efficiency.

Due to the fact that the nozzle is inserted inside the combustion chamber, the flow velocity in the upper part of the latter is lower than in the sections located below the nozzle. This is due to the fact that a small part of the heated air (10-20%) that passes from the cooling paths of the nozzle apparatus enters the upper part of the combustion chamber, minus the side openings of the flame tube made below the nozzle. The low flow rates in the upper part of the combustion chamber make it possible to keep the combustion front in this section, which contributes to the stabilization of the combustion process in the entire volume of the combustion chamber. The start-up of the device and its output to the operating mode are also improved.

Claims (1)

1. A device for thermal destruction of rocks, including a case, inside which a heat is installed coaxially with it - a pipe with radial channels, an intermediate casing located between the case and the flame tube and forming with the latter annular channels, a combustion chamber formed by the flame tube nozzle with its cooling paths and a nozzle plate, a distribution head, which forms a cavity with the plate, communicated through a channel in the plate with a combustion chamber, a fuel supply line, through the channel in the distributor head with nozzle: - and the oxidizer supply line, which through the channel in the distributor head communicates with the annular channel between the housing and the intermediate casing, so as to increase its performance by stabilizing the combustion process in the combustion chamber with increased fuel and oxidant consumption, it is equipped with a cylindrical nozzle with longitudinal channels attached to the distribution head, and in the distribution head is made to olnitelnye channels which connect the manifold for supplying an oxidant nozzle with longitudinal channels, wherein the lower end of the nozzle located in the combustion chamber 2 "The device according to claim 1, about tl and - that the radial 5  - jK ° n: uionw kTiH ° Neither the annular nozzle is located, h a J,. ° p. 1, about tl and - ryic on. ° Dilind; nozzle. Radial channels are made to connect the annular intermediate casing .... and a flame tube with a cavity mevdu plate and distribution head. A :: J Editor A. Ogar Compiled by A. Tolstoy Tehred M. KhodanychKorregorM.Samborsk Order 1330/33 Circulation 514 VNIIPI State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee on Science and Technology of the USSR 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab. 4/5 Production and Publishing Combine Patent, Uzhgorod, Ulo Gagarin, 101 12 ag.2 .Subscription