SU14628A1 - Press for molding shaped stones, bricks, etc. - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to presses for forming shaped bricks, stones, etc. by means of a nonstop ramming and means at the same time to produce and gradually compress them, achieved by using a movable part of the press, which is strengthened on the piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder. - in which it is regulated by a three-way valve and a spool, the automatic shutdown, upon reaching the required dimensions of the product, is performed with the help of the valve and the valve, acting from the stop on the movable part minute press

In FIG. 1, 3, 4, and 7 show a side view of four options for the press; FIG. 2 shows a hydraulic control circuit; FIG. 5-side view of the circuit breaker; FIG. on top of the turntable on the table, FIG. 8 is a sectional view of steam distribution; FIG. 9 and 10 diagram of two options for the supply of material in the form, FIG. 11 and 12-form feed form to the presses.

The press shown in FIG. .1, has a stationary press table 1, under which a cylinder 4 of a hydraulic press is placed with a rod 5 supporting a slider connected by means of vertical columns 7 to a movable part 8 that is mounted when the frame is moved, 2.

A punch 10 is attached to the hollow, which moves continuously upwards and into the piston 9, which passes through a cylindrical bore in the movable part 8, and the rods 11 passing through the bores in the movable part serve as guides. The piston 9 is brought into continuous oscillatory motion by means of an eccentric 13 placed on a shaft 5 connected by means of a belt drive to an electric motor 14 mounted on the movable part 8. The molding boxes 15 are arranged in such a way that they can be fed and removed from the table 1 by means of a d-frame 16, moving along rails that have spring sections 17, mounted on springs 18 placed in a table 1. A hydraulic cylinder of 4-double action, and the liquid is supplied to it by means of pressure pipes lines 19 (Fig. 2) and is adjusted by means of a spool 20 actuated by hand. The working fluid is contained in tanks 21, 21 which are formed in the side frames 2 (Fig. 1), with parts of these tanks being interconnected by a pipe 22 (Fig. 2); in addition, one of them is connected via pipe 23 to the suction side of the pump. 24, which is fixed in cover 8 (Fig. 1) and is given in

action from the shaft 13 by means of a crank mechanism 25. The injection side of the pump; using a pipe 25 (Fig. 2) is connected to a three-way valve 26, through which the working fluid pumped by the pump can be pumped through the pipe 27, the valve 20 or through the pipe 28 back to the tank 21. The valve 20 and the three-way valve 26 are controlled handles 29, which can have three positions, indicated in the drawing by the numbers .1, 2 and 3 (Fig. 2). When the handle is set to position 1, a three-way valve 26 connects pipes 25 and 27, closing pipe 28, as a result of which the working fluid passes through the spool SO into pipe 50 and causes piston 5 to move downward iodine due to pressure created by pump S4, ifpn the liquid in the cylinder 4, the node with the piston 5, the pipe 32 is withdrawn through the valve 20 and the pipe 31 into the reservoir 21. When the handle 2 is positioned 2, the three-way valve 26 stops the flow of working fluid into the pipe S7 and directs it through the pipe 28 back to reservoir 21. At the same time, the valve 20 closes the pipe 30 and 32, whereby the emptying of the cylinder 4 becomes impossible, and the piston 5- stops in its movement. In the third position of the handle 29, the three-way valve 26 re-closes the pipe 28, and the working fluid flows again through the pipe 27 into the spool 20, which, however, at this position of the handle, passes the working fluid through pipe 32 into the cylinder in such a way that the hole is 5- moves upward under the influence of the pressure created by the pump 24. The working fluid is discharged from the upper part of the cylinder 4 back into the tank but pipes 30 and 31 through the spool 20. To be able to automatically stop the piston 5 when it moves down, when the layer of compressible material is brought to the desired thickness, between pipe 30 and tank S1 is turned on an automatic bleed valve 55, the stem 34 of which moves into a rearranging; the ice stop of the movable part 8 or of the slide 6 when the layer of compressible material reaches the required thickness; otherwise, the bleed valve 55 begins to operate and a bypass prekrap1; AET further supply of hydraulic fluid into the cylinder.

The action mechanisms shown in FIG. 1 and 2, consists of the following; After

when the filled form is fed to the pressing table 1 and / the motor 14 has started to work, the handle 29 is put in position 1, so that the pump delivers the working fluid through the taps 26z 20 ъ to the cylinder 4, and the cover 8 starts to move downwards, towards the form 15 mounted on a stationary table 1. The eccentric 12, driven into rotation by the electric motor 14. forces the noonson 10 to move up and down continuously, but produces a tramming action. As the lid 8 moves downward, the material gradually undergoes an intensifying compacting pressing until the mass layer in the mold is brought to a predetermined thickness, after which the drain valve 55 automatically decreases the pressure, thus stopping further lowering of the movable part 8. After pressing the product, the worker at the press moves the handle 29 to the position 5, which causes the piece 5 to lift the movable part 8 and release the product, after which the mold 15 can be removed from the pressing table 1 and He filed a new form.

FIG. 3 depicts a modified form of execution of the press, intended mainly for the production of bricks or the like. In this case, the pressing table 55 has a tightly fixed shape on the npm and is equipped with a device 57 for ejecting the finished bricks, driven by a hydraulic piston 58, moving in a cylinder placed in a pressing table mounted on a piston 39 moving in a cylinder 40 attached to the side frames 41. The piston 55 can move vertically upward toward the punch 42 placed in the fixed part 43. The punch 42 is guided by rods 44 passing through the guide holes of the fixed part 43 and packed helical springs 45. Punch 42 is transmitted by means of a piston 46 continuously moving up and down in a cylinder formed in a stationary part 43 driven by an eccentric 47 mounted on a shaft 48 which is mounted on bearings and driven by a belt transmission 49. In order to transfer the increased final pressure on the pawnson 42 at the moment when the material in the form is pressed to the layer of the required thickness or has reached sufficient density, one or several are provided in the fixed part 43. Only cylinders with pistons 50 moving in them, moving punch 42 towards press table 35. Hydraulic pump 51 is driven by an eccentric mechanism mounted on shaft 48,

FIG. Figure 4 shows a modification of the press, which is open on three sides, which makes it possible to remove the finished products in a direction perpendicular to the direction of supply of the products to the machine. The upper part 52 is fixed on one side of the side frame 58 and equipped with a punch 54, which is brought into continuous movement up and down by the piston 55, moving in the cylinder. The piston 55, in turn, is driven by an eccentric 56 mounted on the shaft 57 mounted on the cover 52. The rotation is transmitted to the shaft via a belt drive from the electric motor 58. The pressing table 59 is mounted on the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 0, due to which the pressing table can be approx. or removed from the top. The working fluid is located in the tank in the side frame 55, whereby the fluid is drained from this tank to pipe 61 and is pumped through pressure to pipe 62. Pump 63 is mounted on the cover 52 and set in motion by means of an eccentric mechanism mounted on shaft 57. A pipe 62 is connected through a closed valve 64 to a cylinder 60. An automatic, snusk valve 66 is placed between the pressure pipe 62 and the bypass pipe leading to the tank 55, which is controlled by a resetting stop 67 table 59 in such a way that, when a layer reaches the desired thickness in the form, the shell, the pan lowers the pressure in the tube 62 b, thus preventing the further movement of the press table. The material being compressed is placed in molds. They are placed on carts 68 rolling along rails 69. Two systems of rails run at right angles to each other, the press system serves to feed the molds, and other, for withdrawal of pressed products. In order to transfer molds from one rail system to another, a special rotary table TABLE 70 (Fig. 6) is mounted, mounted on a fixed base concentric with the press table 59. A automatic valve 165 is placed between the cylinder 60 and a drain pipe 66 leading to the tank. | .1y is controlled by a crank lever 167 (Fig. 5), the end of which is made in the form of a paw 168 coupled with a storage wheel 169 (Fig. 0) in such a way that when the trolley with the filled form is fed to the pressing table, lever 167 opens the valve en 165; when the above trolley is retracted and the filled trolley is installed on the press table 59, the pawl 168 releases the ratchet 169 and the valve 165 closes.

FIG. 7 and 8 depict a press operating under the action of steam, with which tamping and pressing is carried out simultaneously with one movement of the punch. This press consists of a stationary press table 71, which is integral with the frame formed by the side frames 72 and the stationary upper part 75 of the punch 74, actuated by a piston 75, moving in a steam cylinder mounted on a stationary upper part. The operation of the steam cylinder is controlled by the gold 77 operated by the handle 79 by means of levers and by the pull 78, similar to a device used in steam hammers. Shapes are placed on trolley 80, rolling on rails with spring sections 90 mounted on springs 91 in press molding. Springs 91 are used for. to put the cart and the form accordingly on the press table 71, The operation of the machine controlled by the handle 75 is almost the same as the hammer and the material in the form is subjected to a gradual tamping action until it is reached density. To implement automatic machine operation, a lever mechanism acting on the spool 77 is connected by means of a hinge to a curved lever 93, which is driven by a roller 94 attached to a punch 74. A spring .95 also acts on the lever mechanism. which tends to place the spool 77 in such a position that steam is supplied from the bottom side of the Norsh 75.

the punch under the influence of pressure and the lever 93 moves the roller 94 in the direction of rotation of the clock, so that the valve 77 moves in the direction opposite to the action of the rifle 96, and the steam is transferred to another part of the cylinder. The result of this is a downward movement of the punch, whereby the lever 55 is released, the spool 77 is moved by the action of the spring 95 to the position where the steam enters the lower part of the cylinder. This begins a new piston node and the entire process described above is repeated. The roller 94 is attached to the lever 96,: which can be rotated around the shaft 57 mounted on the pole, and the position of the roller can be adjusted by means of a set screw 98. Pushing or moving the roller 94 to lever 93 can be changed by means of the slide piston stroke 75.

In any of the previous types of presses can be arranged for several nanansonov. This is especially necessary in the case of long extruded products, such as, for example, plinth stones, etc., when the pressure produced by a single nanoson would not be enough.

FIG. 9 and 10 show two examples of the arrangement of devices for nanofilm forms and their supply to machines. V The material is fed by an elevator 100 to the upper floor 101, on which one or several crushers 102 are installed. The ground material through the bunker 103 enters the mixer 104, from which it is not discharged through the bunker 10, equipped with cranked pipes 106, in-between devices 107 intended for the load is determined by:, by weighted portions of molds on carts 108 moving along an endless path 109. The filled molds are delivered to a row of presses 110, where they are pressed and withdrawn through pua and 109, where the mold is removed from the molds new filling out forms.

In the case of the use of presses (Fig. 4), the mold with the extruded product leaves the machine along the path 111 ,. located at a right angle to the path 109, and rearranged to it by means of rotary tables 112. (Fig. 9) ..,

The device, but the one in FIG. 10 differs from the device nof g. -9 in that for the feed of material from the bunker 105. to

boot device 07 instead of pipes 106 applied screw 112.

- In FIG. 12 shows a double circular path serving three machines.

PROPOSALS. A.

Claims (7)

1. The cracks for forming shaped kaynei, bricks, etc., by means of gradually reinforced tamping, characterized in that to gradually increase the pressure on the material in the form, produced by continuously moving up and down the tool, tools are continuously applied at the same time, they bring together the form with the carrier moving punch part of the press. 2. The press according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of a stationary table 1 with a form fixed on it and a movable part 8 connected along a vertical central assembly connected to a stem b placed under. the table 1 of the hydraulic cylinder 4 and the carrier eccentric mechanism 12 for the up and down movement of the punch 10 during the lowering of part 8 (Fig. 1). 3.When the press but pp 1-2 adhesion in that part of the track, on which the cart 16 with a shape of 1 ° is in working position, springs 18, allowing the cart to press against the surface of the table (Fig. 1). 4. The form of the press but pp. 1-2, characterized in that the part 43 carrying the eccentric mechanism 47, the driving puapsop, is made stationary, the press table mounted for this purpose on the nornesh, 39 of the hydraulic cylinder 40 and with it lifted during pressing (Fig. 3), 5. In the press, the device for controlling the flow of fluid into the hydraulic cylinder, characterized by the use of a three-way valve 26 and a spool 20., turned by a common handle 29, three positions 1, 8 and 3 of which correspond to: first-lowering the piston of the hydraulic cylinder, the second one - its stop and the third one - its lifting (Fig. 2). 6.When the press is in PP, the application of an automatic drain valve 55, the shaft 34 of which collides with the uplift of the piston-driven part, is pressed when the thickness of the product to be pressed has decreased to a known limit, with the goal of stopping the flow of fluid into the hydraulic cylinder (Fig. 2).  7. The form of the press, shown in pp 1-6, characterized in that both the pressing table and the part carrying the punch with the eccentric device are attached to the frame only on one side, and are open on the other three sides ( Fig. 4-5) for the purpose of applying for removing the rail track forms 111 (Fig. 9), the perpendicular path 109, along which the molds are fed to the press, and the turntable 112 on the press is used to transfer the forms from one path to another. the table. FLG. Fat-Z Phage. four. to the E-G. Entiknap Ns 14628 patent