SU1458390A1 - Mol determining biological activity of soil - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agrobiology, mainly agricultural and soil microbiology, logy. The goal is to simplify and speed up the analysis. The method consists in that urea is introduced into the soil moistened to a pasty state.

Description

one

The invention relates to agrobiology, mainly to agricultural and soil microbiological. The results of its application can be used as an important biological indicator of the level of soil fertility and the degree of influence of anthropogenic factors (for example, soil contamination) on the functional properties of the soil microbiota.

The purpose of the invention is to simplify and accelerate the analysis by using simple and in any conditions available methodological techniques, which makes it possible to carry out the corresponding analyzes in mass quantities.

The method consists in introducing easily accessible organic matter into the soil that has been moistened to a paste-like state. Urea is used as a substance, the decomposition of which produces a large amount. the amount of volatile alkali is ammonia. A wet strip of indicator paper (a piece of filter paper impregnated with a universal indicator, or any other indicator with a wide range of detectable pH values) with a pH close to neutral is placed over the sample of the soil studied. In terms of the decomposition of urea and volatilization by ammonia, the air above the soil acquires an alkaline reaction and the indicator strip changes color. Use a corresponding calorimeter scale visually set

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pH value of indi

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the cathator strip from the time of exposure and the nature of the resulting dependence judge the biological activity of the soil,

Depending on the type of soil studied, the amount of urea applied is advisable to vary; for soils of the non-chernozem zone, weights of 0.5-1.0 g are optimal.

and for steppe soils - in the amount of, 0 g per 100 g of soil. With smaller weights, the reaction rate decreases, and with larger weights, the convergence of the results of parallel determinations worsens (without a noticeable increase in the reaction rate).

Example 1. In three Petri dishes with a diameter of 10 cm, bring in .50 g of the cultivated sod-podzolic soil moisturized to a pastelike state and 0.125 g of urea dissolved in a small amount of water (made up to a pastelike state when moistened). The contents of the cups are thoroughly mixed and evenly distributed across the bottom of the cups. To the inner surface of each lid, before covering the cup with it, they are attached to a wet strip of filter paper impregnated with a universal indicator, at pH 6.5 | When standing, the paper is firmly held on the glass and does not come into contact with the soil surface. To avoid its quick drying, the cups are placed in a wet chamber (a desiccator with water). As a control, a desiccator is also placed.

The results are presented in t abl, 1,

Example 2 The experiment was carried out with the same soil and according to the same scheme as in example 1, but with urea weights of 0.25 g.

The results are presented in table 2,

EXAMPLE 3 The experiment was carried out in the same way and with the same soil as in Example 1, but with a urea sample of 0.5 g.

The results are presented in table 3.

Example 4, The experiment was carried out with typical virgin chernozem according to the described scheme. The urea sample 0.5 g

The results are presented in table, 4,

EXAMPLE The experiment was carried out according to the described scheme with samples of cultivated black soil (arable land) taken at different distances from the environmental pollution of the metallurgical plant. Urea Suspension 1.0 g

The results presented in

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table, 5, indicate an increase; The Scientific Research Institute of Soil Biological Activity as it moves away from the plant.

The data given in Tables 1–3 confirm that the use of a urea sample in the amount of 0.125 g in the process of biological isolation. sod-podzolic soil gives underestimated results, with weights of 0.25 35 and 0.5 g, the results are single-valued.

The efficiency of the proposed method is due to the simplicity of its implementation, with the exception of the need to use

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cups without soil, but with 0.25 grams of expensive equipment.

; us (slightly moisturized) and with an indicator strip on the cover.

It has been previously found that a weight of 45-50 grams is optimal when using a cup of the specified diameter. It provides a rapid incrimination of the atmosphere over the soil with ammonia, while retaining the absence of relatively laborious manipulations and speeding up the results (the time required for the analysis is reduced by 45-10 compared with the known method), which makes it possible to carry out mass analyzes.

On the basis of the obtained data, it can be concluded that in soils, based on the obtained data, it can be concluded that in soils with sufficient airspace

between the surface of the soil and the larch of the biological activity of the cup, which protects the indicator P, reveals a strip from contact with the soil 1-2.5 hours after the start of the experiment.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Noah. View the cups through each step; and, note the time, spending your time to raise. pH indicator strip to 7.0; 7.5; 8.0; 8.5, five The results are presented in t abl, 1, Example 2 The experiment was carried out with the same soil and according to the same scheme as in example 1, but with urea weights of 0.25 g. The results are presented in table 2, EXAMPLE 3 The experiment was carried out in the same way and with the same soil as in Example 1, but with a urea sample of 0.5 g. The results are presented in table 3. Example 4 The experiment was carried out with typical virgin black soil according to the described scheme. The urea sample 0.5 g The results are presented in table, 4, EXAMPLE The experiment was carried out according to the described scheme with samples of cultivated black soil (arable land) taken at various distances from the metallurgical plant, which pollutes the environment. Urea sample 1.0 g, The results presented in 0 table, 5, indicate an increase; Research Institute of soil biological activity as it moves away from the plant. The data given in Tables 1–3 confirm that the use of urea weighed in an amount of 0.125 g during thickening of biological activity. sod-podzolic soil gives underestimated results, with weights of 0.250 5 and 0.5 g, the results are single-valued. The effectiveness of the proposed method is due to the simplicity of its implementation, eliminating the need to use  calling expensive equipment the absence of relatively laborious manipulations and the acceleration of obtaining results (the time required for the analysis is reduced by 45 times compared with the known method by 5-10 times), which makes it possible to carry out mass analyzes. Based on the data obtained, we can conclude that in soils with you 55 Invention Formula A method for determining the biological activity of a soil, including the incorporation of organic matter into the soil; dp development of natural microfo514583906 soil soils, incubation followed by an organic substance using an assessment of the result, about t l and -eut urea in an amount of 0.5-2.0% by soil mass, and the evaluation of the result is based on the rate of ammonia accumulation. due to the fact that, in order to simplify and speed up the analysis, T a 5 l and c a I Biological activity of sod-podzolic Jno4Bt i (urea weight 0.125 g) Note. Dashes in Tables 1-5 mean no pH to the level indicated in the corresponding column. The initial pH of the strips in all experiments 6.5, table 2 Biological activity of sod-podzolic soil (weight of urea 0.25 g) The rate of increase in pH indicator strip. (1 hour) to pH E table Biological activity of sod-i-podzolic soil (urea sample 0.5 g) The rate of increase in pH indicator strip (I h) to pH  ° - - OiHT Coit-Experience Cont roller roller 1.5 -2, s. - 1.5 -2.5,. .5 - 2.5 .7cable4 Vnichicha ah-tiannost tepichiy cherioaema The rate of increase in pH of the indicator strip (in I h) DR pH 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 Opte I Hont, - Experience Cont-Experience 1 (ont-Osh Control. Role role I-, 5 -2.5 -3.5 one . -J, 5 -2.5 1.5 -2.5 1 T a b l and c a 5 The change in the biological activity of chernozem distance from metallurgical plant The distance to increase in the pH of the single stripe (in I h) is from the pH to plant, km7,07,58,0 Experience Coit - Experience Contg Experience. Control Rope 7.51.0-2.5 - g. 10.0 1.0-. 1.5-3.030, 0 0.5-1.0 -1.5-. Compiled by P.Ivanov, Editor A. OgarTehred M. DdykyKorrektor M. Demchik „. . Order 326/29 Circulation 500 Subscription VNIIPI State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee on Science and Technology of the USSR 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab. 4/5 Production and oligraphic enterprise, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4