SU1456716A1 - Solar-heat collector - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention makes it possible to increase the efficiency of using solar energy. The curvilinear base, 1, having the shape of a ball part, is provided with an absorbing surface 2 and a transparent coating 3 arranged relative to each other with the formation of a channel divided by partitions 4 into equal, closed cavities 5 filled with low-boiling heat carrier. Each cavity 5 is made in the form of a thermal diode with one-sided conductivity, having an evaporation zone on the absorbing surface 2, and a condensation zone - from the base I. The collector ensures efficient operation through the use of direct solar radiation at any time of the day . 3 il.

Description

Fig, 1

11456716

The invention relates to solar technology, specifically to flat-type solar collector designs.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of using solar energy.

Fig, 1 shows the solar thermal collector, a general view; on needle, 2 - section A-A in FIG. one; on q ig. 3 shows a section BB in FIG. one.

The solar thermal collector has a curvilinear base 1 with a convex surface rotated towards the Sun, an absorbent surface 2 fixed on it and a transparent coating 3 placed above the latter. The absorbent surface 2 and base 1 are in the form of a piece of a ball belt and are relative to each other ha with the formation of a channel divided by partitions 4 into equal closed cavities 5 filled with a low-boiling coolant, and performed

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each is in the form of a thermal diode 25 with one-sided conductivity, having an evaporation zone 6 on the absorbing surface ;, 2 sopiy 7 condensation -. on the side of the base 1, in the evaporation zone, a bellows 8 with a rod 9 is installed, which has a valve 10 placed in the IK hole. The condensation zone 7 is placed in the pipe 12 filled with coolant. Base 1 is provided with insulation 13. A capillary structure 14 is installed in the thermal diode. The central angles of the ball in horizontal and vertical planes can be determined by the formula

 + l80 °,

where N- is the angle between the points of sunrise and sunset of the horizontal horizontal plane; - the angle between summer and winter; standing of the Sun in a vertical plane.

Solar collector works as follows.

The solar radiation passes through the transparent coating 3 and is absorbed by the surface 2. The accumulated heat heats the fluid inside the bellows 8, which expands towards the valve 10 and opens the opening II in the thermal diode. At the same time, the heat accumulated on the absorbing surface 2 heats up and the coolant is warm.

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diode diode. The heat carrier evaporates in zone 6 and the steam generated thereby passes through the open hole 11 and moves to the thermal diode condensation zone 7 located in pipe 12. Here the heat carrier steam transfers heat from the heat transfer fluid circulated in pipe 12 and condenses. The condensate of the coolant by the capillary structure 14 of the thermal diode again returns to the evaporation zone 6 and, in contact with a part of the absorbing surface 2, evaporates. The heat transfer fluid circulating in the pipe 12 is gradually heated and withdrawn from the collector for use. When the sun moves, its radiation on a certain part of the absorbing surface 2 decreases and it becomes possible to transfer heat in the opposite direction from the heat transfer fluid circulating in the pipe 12 to the cooler absorbing surface 2. Cooling a part of the absorbing surface 2 causes the liquid in the bellows to cool. 8. The latter is compressed and moves the rod 9 with the valve 10. The latter closes the opening 11. The closed opening 1 1 does not allow the transition of the coolant vapor to the absorbing zone 6 overhnosti 2 dp condensation is prevented and accordingly the possibility of heat loss. The central angles of the ball are chosen so that the collector can work normally during each day of the year. If the angle between the points of sunrise C and sunset B for the area is about, then the sun's angles of coverage of the convex absorbing surface 2 of the collector at sunrise and sunset are

R ci, ti arccos .3

where R is the outer surface radius

ball on sa; 50 1 is the distance of this surface

before the sun.

Considering that R "l, you can get

45

oi., oi arncos,, + ci., + oi oi + 180 °.

At the same time, at any time of the day, the sun's rays are located perpendicular to p3145671

but any part of the absorbing surface 2 of the collector.

The collector provides for the regulation of the temperature of the absorbing surface. This is done by replacing the fluid in the bellows 8. If in the latter the fluid expands at low temperatures, then the opening 11 opens at low temperatures IQ of the absorbing surface 2 and the beginning and end of the collector, respectively, occurs at low temperatures and vice versa.

Thus, in comparison with the known flat collectors, the proposed solar collector provides an increase in operating efficiency by achieving the use of direct radiation from the sun’s rays at any time of the day or «-A-A

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Claims (1)

Formula of the Invention A solar thermal collector containing a curvilinear base with a convex surface facing the sun, an absorbing surface attached to it and a transparent coating placed above the latter, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of solar energy, the absorbent surface and are located relative to each other with the formation of a channel divided by partition walls into equal closed cavities filled with low boiling fan and made each in the form of a thermal diode with one-sided conductivity, having an evaporation zone on the absorbing surface, and a condensation zone on the base side, FIG. g Editor And, Gorna Compiled by M, Shalov Tehred L. Oliynyk Order 7539/35 Circulation 63A VNIIPI State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries at the State Committee on Science and Technology of the USSR 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab. 4/5 S-6 7 srcg.z Proof B, Girn K Subscription