SU1454960A1 - Acoustic device for determining the depth and state of holes in rock - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mining and allows to increase the accuracy and efficiency of determining the depth and condition of wells in mining enterprises, the device contains driver 1, digital block 2, switch 3, generator of 4 probing pulses, receiver emitter 5, amplifier 6, time element 7, selection, amplitude discriminator 8, cathode ray tube (CRT) 9, sweep generator 10, and delay element 11. The device operates in the pulse mode and in the syncro-ring mode. In the first case, the driver 1 through Ko {the mutator 3 starts the generator 4, which excites the transceiver 5, the latter receives the reflected signals (c) and sends them through the amplifier b to the element 7 of the time selection. Element 7 forms the time

Description

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A forbidden zone for passing reflected C to the inputs of a CRT 9 and amplitude discriminator 8. Reflected C, which exceeded the level of discrimination, stops the counting of pulses in digital block 2 by prohibiting operation of the former 1. Parallel to the digital display of block 2, the distance to the defect is fixed. The nature of the defect is determined by the phase of the reflected C and their length on the screen of a CRT 9. Synchro mode

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The invention relates to instrumentation engineering and is intended for surveying control of the depth and state of blast holes in mining enterprises.

The purpose of the invention is to increase accuracy and efficiency.

FIG. 1 shows the structural scheme of FIG. 2 and 3 - time diagrams of his work.

The device contains a shaper 1 driver, the clock output of which is connected to the counting input of a digital unit 2, consisting of a counter and a digital display (not shown). The output of the imaging unit 1 is connected to the first input of the switch 3, the output of which is connected to the input of the generator 4 probe pulses (GZI). The output of the GZI 4 through the transceiver 5 is connected to the signal input of the amplifier 6, the output of which is connected to the input 7 of the time selection element connected to the input of the amplitude discriminator 8 and the vertical-deflection plates of the cathode ray tube (CRT) 9. The output of the switch 3 is also connected to the resolution input of the pulse former 1, to the input of the zero setting of the digital unit 2, by the amplifying input of the amplifier 6, by the control input of the time selection element 7 and through the generator 10 of the sweep - with the horizontal deflection plates of the CRT 9 The output of the amplitude discriminator 8 is connected via the delay element 11

is used to increase the duration of luminescence C on the screen of a CRT 9 and identifying C with the indicators of block 2. Switch 3 switches to the connection with element 11. The generator 4 is started up C from the obstacle operator of interest, the distance to which is fixed in block 2. Use of the device eliminates the use of a control well, 3 sludge.

with the second input of the switch 3 and with the prohibiting input of the driver 1 pulses. The second output of the element 7 of the time selection is connected with the second input of the generator 10 sweep.

The device operates in a pulsed mode and in the synchro-ring mode

In the pulsed mode, the clock pulses from the output of the Fomirovat 1 arrive at the first input of the switch 3, from the output of which the signal is fed to the input of the counting enable of the pulse former 1, and the clock pulses from it arrive at the counting input of the digital unit 2. which excites transceiver 5, with the result that probe pulses with a period T are sent to the well (Fig. 2a),

The signals reflected from geological disturbances (defects) and behind (Fig. 26) are returned to transceiver 5, then amplified in amplifier 6 and fed to the input of temporal selection element 7, which is triggered by a signal from the output of the switch 3 and forms a time zone P ban length the transmission of reflected signals to the amplitude discriminator 8 and vertically deflecting plates of a CRT 9. The magnitude of the zone is smoothly controlled from O to T. At the same time, the amplitude of all the reflected signals that fall into this zone at the output of element 7 becomes equal to zero. distance

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 processing information received.

The time selection element includes a standby multivibrator, which is triggered by a signal from switch 3, and an electronic key (not shown) controlled by impulse (fig 2d) from the standby multivibrator output. The reflected signal, which exceeds the discrimination level (Fig. 2c, g), enters the termination input, driver 1, which stops sending clock pulses, and information on the distance to the defect appears on the digital display of block 2. The screen of CRT 9 shows the signals reflected from defects and holes, which give a clear idea of their character. The nature of the defect is determined by the phase of the reflected signals and their duration. When reflected from a narrowing of the well bore or from an flat bottom, the first half-wave of the signal is observed in the negative phase, and when reflected from a fracture or the open end of the well, in the positive phase,

To visually identify the location of one of the signals on the screen of a CRT 9 with the indications of digital block 2 and to increase the duration of their counts on the screen of a CRT 9 by increasing the frequency of their repetition, the synchrocance mode is used. The difference of this mode from the classical synchrocatch method (pulse frequency method) is that the measurement of the distance to defects and slaughter is determined by the transit time of the acoustic pulse back and forth (the pulse method), and then the GIS 4 is carried out by the signal reflected from the obstacle of interest to us, the distance to which is displayed on a digital scoreboard. In sync mode, the device operates as follows.

The switch 3 is switched by the operator to connect its second input to the output, while the first input is turned off - In this case, a single pulse is sent to the input of the GIS 4 to start the device in this mode,

Additionally, in this mode, a delay element 11 takes part in the operation, which delays the signal from the amplitude discriminator output

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8 smoothly (manual adjustment) from 0 to 9.

As element 11, a waiting multivibrator is used with differentiation of the rear front of its output pulse.

The use of adjustable delay allows, together with the time selection, to select only one test signal on the screen of a CRT 9 and measure its amplitude, phase and duration in order to determine the characteristics of a defect in the wellbore, as well as determine its distance using digital block 2,

If necessary, when the reflected signal has a complex shape, for a more detailed study it can be stretched to the entire screen of the CRT 9. At the same time, the sweep iO generator is launched at the second input from the second output of element 7 (the back front of the waiting multivibrator) . For this, the first input of the generator 10 is turned off and its sweep speed is increased,

The proposed device makes it possible to record echograms on magnetic and photographic film using appropriate equipment.

The application of the invention allows to reduce energy consumption and weight, simplify the design of the device, increase the efficiency in studying the state of the well and the accuracy of determining the distance to its defects in complex geological conditions, reduce labor costs due to the absence of the need to use a control well.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Acoustic device for determining the depth and condition of wells in rocks, containing a pulse shaper, the clock output of which is connected to the counting input of the digital unit, a probe pulse generator, the output of which is connected to the amplifier input through a transceiver, the modulation input of which is connected to the input of the probe generator. , amplitude discriminator and sweep generator, the output of which is connected to horizontally deflecting plates of the cathode ray tube, the first input connected to the input of the probe pulse generator and the input of the zero setting of the digital unit, characterized in that, in order to ensure accuracy and efficiency, it is equipped with a switch, a delay element and a time selection element, the output of the pulse shaper is connected to the first input of the switch, the output of which is connected to the input of the probe of the sounding impulses, the enable input of the pulse driver and the control , t and Pulse mode  DucffpuMUffauuu level and The ducffpt / ht / hotiav jL: -, -and t vit im "ai  I (Y "ISHU / IL" "YALL L1 and and Ducffpt / fit / hoiiuu level Vi the input of the time selection element, the signal input of which is connected to the amplifier output, the second output is connected to the second input of the sweep generator, and the first output is connected to the vertical-deflection plates of the cathode-ray tube and the input {amplitude discriminator whose output is connected to the control input home pulse generator and the input of the delay element, the output of which is connected to the second input of the switch. fefKUH sinlro / (ola4a lla / h at AT at shi / qi fig.g Run sweep S / fTu PI syn) ( , "| 1" | immm "M at Run sweep Z / GTI GZI 8pexuf№ CM (LC but - m  . - G- / gd GL aa8e (acc & Smscllvvraki ft lv r «« f Zaiek GZNvryukinv syncro with