SU1450815A1 - Arrangement for abrasive cleaning of root and tuber crops - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the equipment of the food industry, namely to machines for abrasive cleaning of root and tuber crops, and can be used in enterprises of the USSR State Agricultural and Agricultural System. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of cleaning of irregularly shaped root crops due to the intensification of the differential impact on raw materials. The device comprises a rotating drum 2 with a screw 3 placed inside it, rotating in the opposite direction. The surface of the drum 2 consists of abrasive rolls 4 with a variable cross-section with the formation of protrusions and depressions. Adjacent rollers 4 are installed with mutual coordination of the protrusions and depressions along the entire working surface of the drum 2 and with the possibility of rotation in opposite directions by means of the pins 14, the belt drive 15 and the gears. The design of the device allows the rotation of the root crops to be changed during the transition from the protrusion to the depression and vice versa, and allows the root crops to rotate both around their major axis and around their smaller axis. The ratio of the protrusion diameter to the depth of each roll as (1.2-5): 1 allows for a significant difference in peripheral speeds to intensify the differential effect on the field. 1 hp ff, 6 ill. 4 3 ..O1 (L 00: l / 8 Figure 1

Description

The invention relates to equipment for the food industry, namely, machines for the abrasive cleaning of root and tuber crops, and can be used in enterprises of the system of the State Agrarian Industry of the USSR.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of cleaning irregularly shaped root crops by intensifying the differential impact on the processed raw materials.

1 shows a schematic of the proposed device for mechanic cleaning of root and tuber crops in FIG. 2 —a view A in FIG. 1 in FIG. 3 a section B — B in FIG. 2 in FIG. 4 — moving the raw material along the shaft cleaning shaft Kaj Fig, 5 - section bb In fig.Z on 6 - a section on fig.Z.

The device for abrasive cleaning of corneal fruits contains frame 1, on which drum 2 is mounted, installed horizontally and with the possibility of rotation around its axis. Inside the drum 2 is placed a screw 3 mounted rotatably in a direction opposite to the rotation of drum 2. The working surface of the drum .2 consists of abrasive rolls 4 arranged parallel to the axis of the drum, the ends of which are mounted in the end rings 5 and 6. The latter are installed on the system rollers 7 rotatably mounted by an electric motor 8 and. Transfer 9. Tortsova ferrule 5 has a loading window, and the ferrule b - unloading. Each of the abrasive rolls 4 is made with a variable section forming protrusions 10 and hollows 11 along its entire length. In this case, the diameters of the cross sections of the protrusions 10 and the valleys 11 are respectively the same on all rolls, and the ratio of the diameter of the protrusions 10 of each roll to the diameter of the cavities 11 can be (1.2-5): 1. The transition from each protrusion 10 to the depression 11 and vice versa is made with a bevel, with blunting the sharp edges of Roll 4 installed with the mutual alignment of the projections 10 and depressions 11 on the adjacent rolls of the entire working surface of the drum 2 and with the possibility of rotation of the adjacent rolls in opposite directions. Each roll 4 has a fixed gear 12 at one end, and a pulley 13 at the other end of each second roll 4. The device also

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50

5 - 5

0

five

0

five

contains a drive pulley 14 and a belt drive 15. The center distance

I between adjacent rollers 4 (Fig. 3) is selected from the condition that it is more than the sum of the radii of protrusions and valleys (R + r), but less than the minimum size of the root and vegetable crop to be processed, the Drum 2 is enclosed in a removable casing 16. The device is equipped with a scrubber 17 and a tray 18 for the collection of waste and waste water.

The device works as follows.

The rootstocks are loaded through the loading window in the end cage 5 into the drum 2 and are moved by the screw 3 to the discharge window. Here, the drum 2 and the screw 3 rotate in opposite directions. All adjacent rollers 4 are also rotated in opposite directions with the help of pulleys 13 and 14, belt drive 15 and gears 12. As a result of the difference in speeds on the protrusions 10 and valleys 11 along the entire length of the rolls, the tubers on each of these segments change the direction of rotation. When moving from the protrusion 10 to the trough

II and vice versa, the roots and tubers rotate both around their major axis and around the smaller axis, which contributes to the uniform and high-quality removal of the peel from the processed raw material. The water supplied from the cooling device 17 to the working surface of the drum 2, washes away the forming-off. with when cleaning the waste in the pallet 18 and at the same time helps to clean the working surface of the drum 2 and polish the raw material. The cleaned root crops are discharged from the device through the discharge port in the end cage 6 and are fed to the subsequent stages of the process.

The design of the proposed device makes it possible to change the direction of rotation of the root-and-vegetable crops in accordance with the number of protrusion-cavity segments, while they are simultaneously moving along the axes of the rolls. This achieves an optimal contact of the processed surface of the tubers regardless of their shape with the working surface of the abrasive rolls, which provides an improvement in the quality of cleaning. The ratio of the diameters of the protrusion and the depression of each roll as (1.2-5) i1

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allows to provide a significant difference in speeds in order to intensify the differential impact on the processed raw materials.

Claims (2)

Claim 1. Device for abrasive cleaning of tubers containing a frame, a casing mounted on a frame horizontally rotatably a drum, the working surface of which is formed by abrasive rollers mounted rotatably placed inside a drum auger mounted with 0 five 154 The rotation in the direction opposite to the rotation of the drum, and the drive, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of cleaning of irregularly-shaped root and tuber crops, each roll is elongated with a cross-section with the formation of protrusions and troughs, and the adjacent rollers are installed with the mutual alignment of protrusions and troughs and rotatably in opposite directions. 2. Device pop. 1, which differs from the fact that the ratio of the diameter of the protrusion of each roll to the diameter of the depression is (1.2-5): 1. Type A Bb fi.v ten (riel