SU1449903A1 - Penetration meter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the food industry. The invention makes it possible to accelerate the obtaining of information on the physicomechanical properties of elastic-viscous masses, for example, by obtaining a number of characteristic points of deformation under production conditions — time with the output of data on a board. The aim of the invention is to improve information processing speeds and reduce size and weight. The penetrometer contains an indenter 1 that interacts with the product (test) 2 "Sensor 3 measures the depth of the indenter 1. The information is amplified by unit 4 measurement. The current time block 7 determines the measurement time and generates sync pulses that are converted by the restarting unit 10 into a discrete signal with a predetermined pulse-pause ratio. During the pulse time, information about the immersion depth from the output of the measurement unit 4 is inserted into the memory unit 5 and simultaneously measurement is recorded in register 8. During the pause, the information is not changed, and the information stored in block 5 and register 8 is displayed to indicators 6 and 9. Information is changed at a specified interval m throughout the experiment. The block diagram of the penetrometer can be supplemented by a control unit 11, which automatically determines the moment of contact between the indenter 1 and product 2 and starts the circuit for measuring 1 sludge. with | (L с 4 4 СО () о со

Description

The invention relates to a haze-oil industry, in particular to devices for determining the physicomechanical number of properties of elastic-viscous dispersed structured masses, for example, flour dough.

The aim of the invention is to increase the speed of processing informers and reducing the size and weight of the penetrometer.

The drawing shows a structural diagram of a penetrometer about

The penetrometer consists of the indenter 1, installed with the possibility of contact with the product 2 (dough). A primary transducer is connected to the indenter 1 - a sensor 3, the output signal of which is proportional to the depth of the indenter 1 in product 2. The output of the sensor 3 is connected to the information input of the unit

4measures J whose output is connected to the information input of the block

5pami Byhod of the memory unit 5 of St - Deputy with an indicator 6 of the depth of the indenter 1.

The penetrometer contains a series of elements for generating and monitoring the time and the measurement unit of the current time, the first output of which is connected to the information input of the register 8, the output of which is connected to the input of the indicator 9 of the time of loading. The second code (synchronization) of the time block 7 is connected to the input of the restarting unit 10, the output of which is connected to the control inputs of the memory unit 5 and the register 8. The sensor 3 is designed to convert the depth of loading of the indenter 1 into a proportional depth signal .

If it is necessary to automatically start the penetrometer, the device’s structural scheme can be supplemented by a control unit 11 designed to record the moment when the indenter 1 contacts the product 2,

As a block 11 can be

A comparator was used, one of the inputs of which is galvanically connected with the indenter, and the output: with the control inputs of measurement unit 4 and unit 7 of the current time.

The memory unit 5 is designed to store the current information entered into it for a time sufficient to read the information from the indicator 6o

ten

15 20

five

30 5 0

s

0

The restarting unit 10 is designed to convert a clock signal following at a certain interval (for example, after 1 s) into a discrete control signal with a predetermined pulse-to-pause ratio.

The main node of the block 10 may be a counter with a specified conversion factor.

Measurement unit 4 is designed to amplify the input signal and contains an analog switch 12 and amplifier 13 with adjustable gain. The gain factor is chosen so that the voltage at the output of unit 4 in volts is equal to the displacement of the indenter in millimeters.

Block 5 consists of the elements of the analog-digital converter: the master oscillator 14, the counter 15, the resistive matrix 16 and the comparator 17 Circuit A1ема of block 5 is supplemented with an AND circuit 18 for controlling AC 11

Indicators 6 and 9 contain the decoders 19 binary-decimal code in the seven-segment and seven-segment indicator 20.

Block 7 of the current time contains I; I generator 21, the counter-dividers 22 and 23 frequencies. The restart block is designed to convert the signal following with op. a certain interval (for example, four-second 1 s) into a discrete signal with a predetermined pulse-pause ratio. Unit 10 contains a counter 24 with a given ratio () recalculation counter 25 decoder 25, circuit 26 “One of the outputs of decoder 25 is connected to the installation input of counter 24

Control unit 11 contains a bridge, made on resistors 27, and a comparator 28, the direct and inverse inputs of which are connected to the diagonal of the bridge. One shoulder of the bridge is connected to the indenter 1. A comparator 28 is launched by a launch bus 29 connected to the input of blocks 4 and 7.

Penetrometer works as follows. in a way.

The operator brings the metal table with the product 2 before contact with the metal indenter 1. If the initial comparator 28 of the block 11 had a logic zero output, then upon contact

 14499U3

The sensor is disconnected from the resistors 27 - and the output of the comparator 28 is a logical 1 signal. Via the start bus 29, the signal goes to the control inputs of the analog switch 12 and the counter 22 of the divider. At the same time from the bus 29, the signal goes to the mechanism

5 s. Then the signal O disappears from the input

uncoupling of the indenter 1 (not shown) in the room with a frequency of 1 s, for example, is transmitted to the electromagnet TaZ. ° I f G 3 current time - AV.kJtil, / J; J

Yes, diagrams 26. At its output, signal I, controlling the change of information in memory block 5. Then the signal G from one output of the decoder 25 returns the counter 24 to its original position.

Impulses with a frequency of 1 come

for example, on an electromagnet. Thus, the immersion of the indenter 1 into the product 2 and the counting down of time by the unit 7 begin simultaneously.

The indenter begins to move relative to sensor-3. Through the open switch 12, the voltage from the output of the sensor 3 is fed to the amplifier 13. The gain of the latter is chosen such that the voltage at its output in volts is equal to the depth of the indenter 1 in millimeters. This voltage is fed to one of the inputs of the comparator 17 of the memory block 5, the second input of which receives the voltage from the recession matrix 16. If the voltages are equal, the output of the comparator is O. If the voltages are different, signal 1.

The conversion of analogue voltage into digital code and storing it for a specified time in memory block 5 is performed by a command of the restarting block 10 as follows.

Let the output of block 10 be the signal O. In this case, the coincidence circuit 18 does not transmit pulses from the generator 14 to the counter 15. This mode is the storage mode of the foregoing information, which is indicated on the indicator 6 In the case that the output of the block is 10 V. f, .j l J OjL / CP

NO block 7. When the output of block 10 is signal 1, from the output of the counter of divider 23, information about the current time is entered into register 8 (change of the current 15 time) At the moment when

at the output of block 10, the signal O, the new information in register 8 is not entered, and in register 8 is stored the information of the previous current time, which is 20 / cited by the indicator 9 "

Thus, changing the information about the immersion depth of the aaadentora 1 in the memory block 5 and changing the corresponding depth of the time to the register 25

 occurs synchronously by a pulse 1 from the output of block 10, repeated start-up. During the pause (signal O

thirty

1 from the output of block 10 of the re-recording During the pauses (signal O at the output of block 10), the operator reads the received information.

Formulas

acquisitions

signal 1, circuit 18 transmits pulses from generator 14 to counter 15 until the voltages at the inputs of the comparator 17 are matched. Then, the signal O from the output of the comparator 17 stops the pulses from the generator 14 to the counter 15 from stopping. This mode is the mode of changing information in memory block 5.

The restarting unit 10 generates control pulses upon a command from the unit 7 of the current time. . From the output of the counter 22, pulses with a frequency of 1 Hz are fed to the counter 24. The specified time from the outputs of the decoder 25 signals O are sent to the coincidence circuit 26, the output of which also signals O is a pause for 3Penetrometer containing the 3g indenter and associated depth sensor

immersion of the indenter, the output of which is connected to the input of the measuring unit, indicators of the immersion depth and the immersion time of the indenter and the current time block, is different from the fact that, in order to increase the speed of information processing, to reduce the size and weight of the penetrometer, memory unit, 45 register and restart unit, the output of the measurement unit is connected to the information input of the memory unit, the output of which is connected to the indicator of the immersion depth, the information output 1 of the current time block and coupled to an information input of the register, the output of which is connected to a time indicator dipping, gg output timing of the current time unit is connected to the input of restart unit, the latter output is connected to the control inputs of the block to the CIM memory, and registers.

5 s. Then the signal O disappears from the input

So, for the period of 1 s, I f G 3 of the current time is received - AV.kJtil, / J; J

Yes, diagrams 26. At its output, signal I, controlling the change of information in memory block 5. Then the signal G from one output of the decoder 25 returns the counter 24 to its original position.

Impulses with a frequency of 1 come

in Tac, with a frequency of 1 s, do I ° ff 3 of the current timeV .f, .j l J OjL / C-P

NO block 7. When the output of block 10 is signal 1, from the output of the counter of divider 23, information about the current time is entered into register 8 (change of the current 15 time) At the moment when

at the output of block 10, the signal O, the new information in register 8 is not entered, and in register 8 is stored the information of the previous current time, in0 / cited by the indicator 9 "

Thus, changing the information about the immersion depth of the aaadentora 1 in the memory block 5 and changing the corresponding depth of the time to the register

 occurs synchronously by a pulse 1 from the output of block 10, repeated start-up. During the pause (signal O

0

1 from the output of block 10 of the re-recording During the pauses (signal O at the output of block 10), the operator reads the received information.

Formulas

acquisitions

A penetrometer containing an indenter 3g and a depth sensor associated with it

immersion of the indenter, the output of which is connected to the input of the measuring unit, indicators of the immersion depth and the immersion time of the indenter and the current time block, is different from that in order to increase the speed of information processing, reduce the size and weight of the penetrometer, a memory block, a 5 register and a restart block, the output of the measurement block is connected to the information input of the memory block, the output of which is connected to the indicator of the depth of the integrator, information 1 output of the current time block connected to the information input of the register, the output of which is connected to the immersion time indicator, the synchronizing g output of the current time block is connected to the input of the restart block, the output of the latter is connected to the control to the digital inputs of the memory block and the register.

Claims (1)

Claim A penetrometer containing an indenter and an indenter immersion depth sensor connected to it, the output of which is connected to the input of the measuring unit, indicators of the immersion depth and indenter immersion time, and the current time unit, which means that in order to increase the speed of information processing, to reduce the dimensions and weight of the penetrometer, a memory block, a register and a restart block are introduced into it, and the output of the measurement block is connected to the information input of the memory block, the output of which is connected to the depth indicator Ia indenter information output current time block is connected to data input register, whose output is connected to the indicator immersion time, the output timing of the current time unit is connected to the input of restart unit, the latter output is connected to the control inputs of the storage unit and register.