SU144818A1 - Pulverizing distillation column - Google Patents

Description

The known absorber and countercurrent spray horizontal scrubber with nozzle type "Venturi tubes.

The proposed spraying distillation column differs from the known ones in that a plate is installed at the top of the column with a deaf plate on which the spraying nozzles are fixed, due to which the rectifying effect of the column is enhanced.

The drawing shows the scheme of the proposed spraying distillation column, which consists of a hollow tower 1, in the upper part of which one spraying nozzle plate 2 is mounted. At the bottom, as usual, the column ends with cube J, designed to boil the vat residue and produce necessary for the rectification of vapors . The cube can be heated by steam or other coolant through a coil 4 located there.

The plate is a set of spraying-nozzle elements arranged according to a definite law (section A-A). Each element is fastened tightly on a plate with the help of nuts 5 and 6 (node A) and, in turn, consists of a cylindrical body 7, which converts into a cone with a specific size: an outlet orifice and a thin-walled central tube. horizontal tubes 9. The latter at the same time form channels through which liquid from the plate can pass into the interior of the central tube.

The horizontal arrangement of the plate with the same height of installation of the protruding tubes 9 automatically ensures uniform distribution of the liquid in each nozzle by gravity.

Under the influence of a stream of vapor moving from top to bottom, the liquid is distributed along the wall with a thin film and transported to the exit jagged end 144818-2, where, due to the high velocity of the outgoing steam, the liquid is disrupted at a large perimeter and is crushed.

For normal operation of the tray, it is only necessary to supply the corresponding fluids and steam to it, taking into account the overpressure required for spraying.

The resistance of the tray is estimated to be 200 mm of water. Art. With such a slight pressure, the operation of the column is possible according to the following scheme.

The vapors enriched with the volatile component from the upper part of the column through shtutser 10 through pipeline 1J enter the reflux condenser 12. To create an appropriate head for the flow of reflux onto the plate, the reflux condenser is set at a higher level.

At point A, the liquid splits into two streams: through conduit 13, part of it enters plate 2, and through conduit 14 the remainder is sent to an additional small boiler 15. Here the liquid evaporates and high-pressure steam is formed, which is directed through conduit 16 into the space above the burner and reflux in the hollow volume of the column.

In contrast to the dephlegmator, the boiler 15 is located at such a mark, at which the liquid column in the pipe 16 balances the excess vapor pressure.

The countercurrent of a highly dispersed liquid-reflux moving downward from the cube, vapors of the non-volatile component are lifted and, in the volume of the hollow column, the rectification process is carried out with high efficiency.

For batch columns, the initial mixture enters the rectification directly into the cube of the column.

In the case of a continuous column, the initial mixture should be supplied in the form of steam at an appropriate height through the holes 77 in the walls of the column.

The bottom residue is withdrawn from the bottom of the column, and the distillate is withdrawn through line 18 to a capacity of 19 through the cooler-condenser .2 (3.

Subject invention

A pulverizing distillation column, characterized in that, in order to increase its rectifying effect, a plate is installed at the top of the column, on which a pulverization nozzle is fixed.

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