SU1444133A1 - Method of controlling process of combined machining by cutting and surface plastic deformation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to finishing and finishing machining by cutting and surface plastic deformation by combined tools. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of processing by maintaining a constant deformation force. The deforming element is arranged perpendicular to the cutting element and a torque is applied to it. The latter induces an additional force, Ddop, between the deforming element and the surface to be treated, which is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the change in the radial component of the cutting force. The magnitude of the additional force is determined by the range f of RDOP-R Ae: f pok. mox where R eF is the strain deformation force (the coefficient of rolling friction between the deforming element and the machined surface. AAOK J. is the maximum cone, f is the rest friction coefficient between the deforming element and the surface to be machined. The cutting element is machined with a radial component of the cutting force does not exceed the range of variation of the additional force. This also allows to increase the processing accuracy; 1 Cp f-crystals, 1 table 2 sil 4. 4 4

Description

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The invention relates to mechanical engineering, and I1 1no to finishing and hardening combined machining and surface plastic deformation (POD) with combined tools and can be used for machining on machines having an automatic control system.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of processing by maintaining a constant deformation force.

Fig. 1 shows a diagram, according to the control of the combined processing process according to the proposed method (the forces are given to the axis of rotation of the part); Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for carrying out the proposed method.

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When the power of the cut-to-end Pp (Pp, OA:,; Pp OA) is changed, additional force Rdop (RAop1 OS;; Ryop OS2) is applied to the workpiece such that the projection of the resultant ZP on the OS axis remains constant, i.e. condition is met

Pf, .j (,,, OS g d dd). Under this condition, the elastic contractions in the AIDS system along the OY axis are constant.

Management of the process of combined machining and RPM includes the measurement of deviations from the springs of the technological system resulting from a change in the radial component of the cutting force. The deforming element is arranged perpendicular to the cutting and torque is applied. The additional force 5 arising at the same time between the forming element and the surface being treated is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction of the change in the radial component of the cutting force, while the value of the additional gradient is determined by

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deformation force S is the coefficient of friction between the deforming element and the surface to be treated; maximal) rest peace between the deforming element and the surface to be treated.

In this case, the change in the radial component of the cutting force should not exceed the range of variation of the additional force.

Combined processing by the proposed method (FIG. 2) is carried out using a combined tool consisting of a cutter 1 and a deforming roller 2 installed in

case 3. The deformation force is created by the spring 4 and the adjusting screw 5. The torque is created by braking the deforming roller by clamping b and screw 7. On the case 3, an elastic displacement measuring device is installed: the workpiece 8, equipped with sensors D and D.

The change in the deviations of the elastic pressures of the technological system arising from the change in processing conditions is monitored by sensors D and D, the signals from which are fed through an amplifier to the Comparison Device (SU), where they are compared with the signal coming from the driver. With unequal signals from sensors and memory. a mismatch signal appears at the output of the control system. This signal through the amplifier enters the performance; the mechanism (IM), which is connected to the adjusting wi d 7,

through clamp 6 to the deforming roller. MI, depending on the magnitude and sign of the mismatch signal of the BHIIT 7 rotation in that direction until the signal reaches the minimum permissible value. Thus, measuring the value of elastic displacements caused by the action of a varying cutting force stabilizes these displacements by creating an additional force to the mezzanine deforming element and processing the surface.

If the machine does not have an automatic control system, then stabilization can be carried out manually, for which a microdynamic indicator 9 is set. When the pointer of the indicator of 6t zero position is tilted, the worker turns the adjusting

screw 7 to the desired direction until the arrow returns to the zero position.

PRI EMER. Three batches of samples are made of steel 45 with a diameter of (9) 35.0 mm and a length (1) of 250 mm. Samples of one batch are processed by a combined instrument according to the proposed method. The cutting element of the tool is preliminarily adjusted to a size of 34.0 mm, and the deforming roller is loaded with a force of 600 N. During the process, the deviations of the elastic squeezing of each specimen relative to the support are measured using an indicator (division price 0.001 mm). Deviations of squeezing are stabilized by creating an additional force between the deforming element and the surface being treated. using screw 7, the deforming element is braked until its deviation reaches the minimum allowable value.

In order to obtain comparative data, the samples of the second batch are processed with one cutting element without stabilizing the deviations of the elastic squeezing of the technological system; By turning the deforming element relative to the cutting element, the process system is depressed when the third batch processes the combined tool.

The operating modes for the three processing methods are the same. After processing each batch, the difference between the maximum deviations of dimensions along the length of the part, i.e. the accuracy of the machined parts, the horizontal optimeter (division price 0.001) and the roughness — with a Calibr model 201 profiler-profilometer. The measurement results of samples of three batches processed in three different ways are tabulated.

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The proposed method of controlling the process of combined machining and PPD improves the machining accuracy of the shafts compared to machining on a customized machine with only a cutting element by 3.3 times, compared with the known method, 1.7 - 1.5 times.

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Claims (1)

1. A method for controlling a process of combined machining and surface plastic deformation, in which the measurements of the deviations of the elastic squeezing of the technological system arising in the result of a change in the radial component of the cutting force, and the stabilization of these squeezes while simultaneously processing the part with cutting and deforming elements, so that, in order to increase the quality of processing by maintaining a constant deformation force, the deforming element is arranged perpendicular to the cutting element and applied to it has a torque that causes an additional force P.,., equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the change in the radial component of the cutting force, while Jicin additional force vybi raets in-range Z Phie.1 leF where is rdef f to "h Psi. Max 0 -ko (4 Do Le ffiCk.McxKC, - force of deformation; the rolling friction coefficient between the part and the deforming element; maximum rest friction coefficient between the deforming element and the surface to be treated, 2, the method according to claim 1, which differs from the fact that the cutting element is machined with a radial component of the cutting force, and its change does not exceed the range of variation of the additional force. Fig2