SU1441080A1 - Double-stroke engine and method of its operation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention improves engine efficiency and power. Light fuel mixed with extras

Description

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At the beginning of the air compression, air is fed under pressure into the prechamber (FC) 11, which is filled in the cylinder head 24. The injection nozzle (F) 10 of the injection of a mixture of light fuel with air, installed in the FC, is connected to the F 12 of the combustion chamber 13 by the level of the restraining chamber 19 to which the fuel line 20 is connected. F 10 is also connected to the forcing air duct 8 connected through the delivery torque valve 9 to the pneumocompressor (PC) 1. Valve actuator connected via a control line to the crank chamber. it is made either pneumo-chamber or electromagnetic with the possibility of control from a diffraction-contact sensor installed in a crank chamber. With increasing pressure in the PC, the automatic valves F 10, 12 open and in their ejection channels a vacuum is created by the movement of air flows. Gasoline from chamber 19 is fed to ejection ducts F 10, 12, through which pressure is supplied to the cylinder of gas-air mixtures. Through F 10, purging and filling in excess of the volume of FC with a mixture of enriched fuel composition is carried out, and through F 12 - supplying the main quantity of gasoline to the cylinder in the form of a rich mixture. composition. When the pressure in the cylinder and the PC is equalized, the valves F are closed. From the spark plug 14, the mixture in the FC is ignited, the combustion products are ejected into the chamber 13, where the main working mixture is whirling and igniting. 2 sec. and 2 hp f-ly 2 ill.

one

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular, to engine construction, in particular to a method of operating two-stroke internal combustion engines and two-stroke internal combustion engines.

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a two-stroke engine; 2 is a diagram of a multi-cylinder two-stroke engine.

The engine for implementing the method of operation contains a pneumatic compressor 1 driven from a crank shaft 2, an engine 3, (FIG. I) by means of an eccentric 4 entering the drive 5, pneumatic compressor 1, a check valve 6 is installed in pneumatic compressor 1, in the suction tract of pneumatic compressor 1 damper of operation mode 7, engine 3. Pneumatic compressor 1 is connected by a forcing air duct 8, through a supply torque valve 9, with an additional injector IO of the pre-chamber 11 and nozzle 12, a combustion chamber 13. A sparking spark plug 14 is installed in the injector 1I. The black valve actuator 15. filing 9 .Connect to the crank chamber 16 of the engine 3, control pneumatic line I7, for-

SUN 10 and Nozzle 12 Conn top

The inlet and feed channels 18 with the level - non-supporting chamber 19, to which the fuel line 20 is connected. The piston 21 of the engine of 3 coins block the exit of the bypass channel 22 and the exhaust windows of the 23, cylinder 24. The suction path 25 of the engine 3 comes out). .

FIG. 2. Formers 10 and 12. Cylinder 27 of a multi-cylinder engine 26 are connected to a pneumocompressor 1, a kinematically driven actuator 28 from the crankshaft 2, a discharge line of the air line 8 through a supply torque valve 29 with an electromagnetic actuator controlled by a diaphragm contact sensor 30 installed in the crankcase chamber 31 -, nozzles 10 and 12, of cylinder 32, are connected to the discharge line of the air duct 8 through the delivery time valve 33, the electromagnetic actuator of which is controlled by a diaphragm-contact sensor 34 installed in the chamber Krivoschi-na 35. In the engine, a centralized system was applied.

The proposed method is carried out as follows.

During rotation of the crankshaft 2, the engine 3, the piston 21 of the engine 3 and the piston of the pneumatic compressor I driven by the actuator 5 reciprocate. By the piston 21 of the engine 3, as it moves upward from the bottom dead center to the top dead center from the moment it overlaps the top edge of the piston 21, the outlet of the passage channel 22 begins to create a vacuum in the crank chamber 16, under the action of which air from the atmosphere enters through the suction path 25 of the engine 3 into the crank chamber 16 and since, the amount of incoming air is determined by the displacement of the engine 3, the resistance of the suction tract is 25, the volume of the crank chamber 16, it can be considered to be coming in a constant cyclical The number.

At the same time, in the cylinder 24, purged and filled with air admitted to the cylinder 24 from the chamber of crank 16 through the bypass channel 22 during the previous path, air begins to be compressed by the pistons 21 from the moment the upper edge of its discharge port 23 is closed at the start of compression 24. the cylinder 24, the pneumatic compressor 1 creates air pressure in the intake air duct 8. The magnitude of this pressure depends on the position of the operating mode flap 7 of the engine 3 located in the suction path of the pneumatic compressor 1.

At the time of the start of compression in the cylinder 24, under the action of the dilution of the chamber of the crank 16, which is transmitted along the control line 17 to the pneumochamber drive 15, the valve of the delivery time 9 opens. And along the line of injection. the air line 8, the pressure of the pneumatic compressor 1 is transmitted to the injection nozzles 10 and 12. Under the action of pressure, the automatic valves of the nozzles 10 and 12 are opened, and in the nozzle channels of the nozzles 10 and 12, air flow is generated and the air is released. Gasoline from the level-holding 19 through the toppivating feed channels 18 is fed to the ejection channels of the nozzles 10 and 12, through which pressure is fed to the cylinder 24 of the gas-air mixtures. At the same time, through the additional nozzle 10, purging and filling, in excess of the volume of the prechamber 11, a mixture of combustible composition enriched W

 0.85-1.1), and through the nozzle 12, the supply of the main amount of gasoline to zipindr, in the form of a mixture of rich composition (d 0.4). Upon further upward movement of the piston 21, the pressure in the cylinder 24 increases, the pressure of the pneumatic compressor 1 increases, the automatic valves of the nozzles 10 and 12 are closed under increasing pressure in the cylinder 24, and the supply of gasoline mixtures stops.

At the end of the compression stroke between the electrodes of the spark plug 14, an electric spark jumps. The mixture in the shaving chamber 11 is ignited. From the pre-chamber 11, the products of combustion of the mixture are ejected through the nozzles of the pre-chamber 11 c.

combustion chamber 13, where the main working mixture is swirled and ignited. Piston. 21 engine 3 passes the top dead center and starts to move down, carried out working

the course under the action of the pressure of hot gases, we will eject 1x in a large amount, during the combustion of the main working mixture.

When the piston 21 moves downward, the suction path 25 of the engine 3 is closed. In the crank chamber 16, the compression of the air there begins. When the piston 21 approaches the bottom dead center and opens its upper

The edge of the exhaust ports 23 of the cylinder 24, the exhaust gases from the cylinder 24 are released, and when the piston 21-windows opens the bypass channel 22, purge and fill the cylinder 24 with air from the crank chamber 16 through the bypass channel 22. Then the cycles are repeated.

The intake torque valves 29 and 33 for multi-cylinder engines move under the action of an electromagnetic actuator controlled from diffractive-contact sensors 30 and 34. The method of operation of a multi-cylinder engine is similar to the described method of operation of a single-cylinder engine.

Claims (4)

1. A method of operating a two-stroke internal combustion engine by compressing air in an engine cylinder, supplying light fuel under pressure to the cylinder at the beginning of air compression in mixtures with additional air, by changing the pressure of which change the amount of light fuel supplied to the cylinder, forcing the mixture of toppings with air to ignite, burn it, expand the combustion products, release them, blow the cylinder and fill it with air, characterized in that increase the efficiency and power of the engine; additionally, under pressure, the light toppivo in the mixture with additional air at the beginning of the air compression is fed into the prechamber, and the mixture of the mixture fed into the cylinder supports God th, and the mixture supplied into a prechamber - enriched, ignition is carried out in a mixture of the prechamber and the mixture is ignited in the cylinders re hot flame gases from forka- measures. 2, Two-stroke internal combustion engine, comprising a cylinder with a piston placed in it, a cylinder head, an injector, a supply of light fuel mixed with air, installed in the cylinder head and connected to the intake air duct and top .--- 23 ZG 0 5 o 25 It is equipped with a driving pneumatic compressor with an operating mode damper located in its intake tract, a prechamber with an additional light fuel injection nozzle installed in its engine cylinder head is used to increase efficiency and power. with the air connected to the fuel line, equipped with a level- not supported by the chamber, and with the air supply line connected to the pneumatic compressor, through the valve of the feed time, the drive which is connected via a control line with a crank chamber. 3. The motor according to claim 2, characterized in that the actuator of the valve of the moment of supply is pneumatically chamber. 4. The motor according to claim 2, characterized in that the drive of the feed torque is made electrically magnetic with the possibility of control from a diaphragm-contact sensor mounted in a curved chamber rG