SU1422171A2 - Joule meter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention serves to increase the reliability of the joulemeter. : The joulemeter contains three channels, the control channel is formed by the shaper 6 trigger pulses, the initial set-up unit 7, the logic element OR 8, the one-vibrator 9, the analog key 10, the comparator 13, the RS-trigger (T) 15 and and 16. The channel byc1; the pulse energy measurement consists of the input circuit 1, quadrant 11, integrator (I) 12. The channel for accurate measurement of the energy of the pulse is formed by a thermal converter 2, a DC amplifier 3, a detector 4, a reference block 5, when a pulse arrives at the input of the joulemeter he through the input circuit 1 post. . It goes to the inputs of the channels, quickly and accurately measures the pulse energy and to the input of the imager 6, which sets the T 15 to the initial state. In this case, the contacts 18, 17 of the relay 16 are closed. The output signal And 12 with 9 (L

Description

d / od

gf-

 g.

Th

18

proportional to the energy of the input pulse. The named signal is compared by the 4-amp 13 with the voltage set by -. A source of 14 constant voltage. The latter determines the safe threshold of the channel for the accurate measurement of pulse energy. When the signal at the output And 12 of the safety threshold is outputted at the output of the comparator 13, a signal is generated that switches T 15 to a new state. As a consequence, the relay 16 is triggered, which disconnects the heater of the thermal converter 2 from the input circuit. Thereby

The value of the energy acting on the thermal converter 2 is limited at a certain safe level. The resetting of the initial state is effected by impulse delivery from the installation unit 7 to the initial state, by which T 15 is reset. In this case, the relay 16 is de-energized, and the contacts 17, 18 are closed. Simultaneously, the one-shot 9 generates a pulse, which briefly closes the key 10, preparing And 12 to measure the energy of the new pulse, 2 Il.

The invention relates to a measuring technique, can be used to measure the energy of a single electric pulse, and is an improvement of the invention in accordance with the author, cf., No. 495613,

The purpose of the invention is to improve the reliability of the joulemeter operation by eliminating the possibility of overloads causing an irreversible change in the parameters of the thermal converter.

Fig, 1 shows the structural scheme of the joulemeter; FIG. 2 shows timing diagrams for the joulemeter’s work,

A joulemeter consists of an input circuit 1 containing resistors and switches, a thermal converter 2, a DC amplifier 3, a detector 4, a reading unit 5, a 6 starting pulse generator, a reset unit 7, an OR 8 logic element, an analog a key 10, a quad 11, made on an analog signal multiplier, an integrator 12, a comparator 13, a source 14 of the reference voltage, an RS-T rigger 15 and a relay 16 with normally closed contacts 17 and 18,

Parallel to the input circuit 1, the input of the driver 6 impulse start is connected, to the output of the input circuit 1 the input of the I 1 quadrant is connected and through normally closed

pins 17 and 18 of relay 16 are heaters of thermal converters 2, Thermocouple thermocouples 2 are connected to the input of DC amplifier 3, To the output of the latter, the input of detector 4 is connected, to the output of which is under-. The readout block 5 is switched on, the OR 8 gate is connected to the output of the driver 6 of the trigger pulses by the first input and the second input to the output of the initial setting unit 7, The output of the logic element OR 8 is connected in parallel to the input of the one-shot 9 and the RS-trigger 15 The output of the one-shot 9 is connected to the control input $ 1 of the analog switch 10, In the initial state, the latter is open, To the output of the quadr 11 there are connected in parallel the input of the integrator 12 and the output of the analog switch 10, To the output of the integrator 12 are connected in parallel the analog input Vågå key 10 and a first input of the comparator 13, the original SRI SOSG the output voltage of the integrator is zero. The second input of the comparator 13 is connected to the source 14 of the reference voltage. The comparator output is connected to the S-input of the RS flip-flop 15. A relay 16 is connected to the output of the latter,

Joulemeter works like this

At the moment of time t, the measured energy pulse (FIG. 2a) is fed to the input of the pulse shaper 6

start, through the input circuit 1 to the input of the quad 11 and through the contacts 17 and 18 of the relay 16 to the input of the thermal converter 2 (FIG. 2 b).

The shaper of 6 starting pulses generates a pulse (Fig. 2c) which through the element OR 8 goes to the R-input of the RS flip-flop 15 and to the input of the one-shot start 9. When the starting pulse arrives, the RS-flip-flop 15s. preserves the zero state (Fig. 2d), and the one-shot 9 generates a pulse (Fig. 2 d) of control of the analog

key 10. During the operation of the pulse is To eliminate the possibility of re-single vibrator 9 analog key 10 is closed, thereby integrating 12 is transferred to the mode of integrating the signal from the output of the quad. 11. The output voltage (figure 2 e) of the integrator 12 20 is fed to the first input of the comparator 13 The output voltage of the integrator 12 as a result of integrating the signal from the output of the quad 11 increases.

Other values of U I, not exceeding the 25% orbital element 8, apply the Up Up of the reference pulse source 14 (Fig. 2c) from the voltage setting unit 7 supplied to the second one in the initial state. In this case, the input of the comparator 13, therefore the last RS-trigger 15 goes to the zero research institute does not work, i.e. does not form a state (Fig.2 g), the signal is turned off at the R input of the RS flip-flop 15. 30 le 16 and its contacts 17 and 18

The latter maintains the initial state (Fig. 2 g), therefore the relay 16 is de-energized, its contacts 17 and 18 are closed.

Thermal converter 2 converts the measured energy pulse into a thermopower video pulse, which is amplified by the DC amplifier 3, is memorized by the maximum by the detector 4 and measured by the reading unit 5.

When the one-shot impulse 9 ends at time t 3, the analog switch 10 goes into the open state, as a result of which

zero output voltage of the integration; 5 to increase the reliability of operation

torus 12 (figure 2 e

When applying to the input of the joulemeter at the time t 4 pulse energy (figure 2 a), exceeding the value

By eliminating overloads that cause the joulemeter to fail due to irreversible changes in the parameters of the thermal converter, a predetermined measurement limit is entered into it, the output-gQ is the starting pulse generator, the integrator block voltage 12. reset, logical element OR, one-shot, analog key, quad, integrator j comparator, reference voltage source (figure 2 e) increases to a value U 2 that exceeds the voltage U of the source 14 of the reference voltage supplied to the second input of the comparator 13,

At time t 5, the equality of the output voltage of the integrator 12 to the voltage UQ of the source 14 of the reference voltage is triggered.

55

D8 trigger and a relay, with the trigger pulse driver connected to the input circuit and the output to the first input of the logic element OR, the second input of the logic element

13 (FIG. 2 g), i.e. generates a signal at the S-input of RS-flip-flop 15. The latter goes into one state, as a result, C1 loses relay 16. When the latter is triggered, its contacts 17 and 18 are opened, as a result of which the heater of the thermal converter 2 is disconnected from the input circuit 1. Thereby it is limited to a certain safe level established when setting the joulemeter, the energy value acting on the thermal converter 2 (Fig. 2b).

Zok, causing the necessary changes in the parameters of the thermocouple, the relay 16 must be fast. To restore the normal operation of the joulemeter after applying pulses of energy to its input that exceed the set measurement limit, it is necessary, for example, at time t B to the second input 35

40

connects the heater transducer 2 to the output circuit 1.

The technical and economic efficiency of the proposed joulemeter consists in increasing metrological reliability by eliminating the possibility of overloads that cause an irreversible change in the parameters of the thermal converter.

Form la invention

Joelmeter auth. No. 495613, similar to that of.

55

D8 trigger and a relay, with the trigger pulse driver connected to the input circuit and the output to the first input of the logic element OR, the second input of the logic element

51

OR is connected to the output of the setup unit to the initial state, and the output is parallel to the R-input of the RS flip-flop and the input of the one-vibrator, to the output of which the control input of the analog switch is connected, to the output of the input circuit are connected in parallel to the square torus closed contacts relay thermo preheater1 ZX

Editor I.Gorn

Compiled by S. Khromov

Tehred A. Kravchuk Proofreader n. King

Order 4426/45

Circulation 772

VPIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5

221716

the distributor, the integrator's input and the output of the analog key are connected to the output of the quad, the input of which is connected to the integrator's output and to the first

 The input of the comparator, the second input of which is connected to the source of the reference voltage, is connected to the output of the comparator S input. E3-triggers, to the output of which a relay is connected.

FIG. 2

Subscription

Claims (1)

Claim Automotive Joule Meter No. 495613, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of operation by eliminating overloads that cause the failure of the joulemeter due to irreversible changes in the parameters of the thermal converter, it includes a start pulse shaper, an initialization unit, an OR logic element, a one-shot, analog a key, a quadrator, an integrator, a comparator, a reference voltage source, an RS-flip-flop and a relay, the trigger pulse generator being connected by an input to the input circuit, and by an output to the first input of the OR logic element, second logic input 5 1422171 6 OR is connected to the output of the installation unit in its initial state, and the output is parallel to the R-input of the RS-flip-flop and the input of a one-shot, to the output of which the control input of the analog key is connected, the inputs of the torus are connected in parallel to the output of the circuit and the heater is thermally converted via normally closed relay contacts to the quadrator output, the integrator input and the output of the · analog key are connected, the input of which is connected to the integrator output and to the first input of the comparator, the second input of which is connected to the reference voltage source eniya, connected to the output of the comparator input S-: RS-trigger whose output is connected to the relay.