SU1420490A1 - Microradiography apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to electronic equipment, in particular, to X-ray equipment, and can be used in agriculture for X-ray analysis of the sowing properties of seeds, the detection of hidden organisms in the stems and seeds of plants, and the determination of the viability of insects. Chain - improving the quality of radiographs by eliminating the dynamic blurring of the image. The device is equipped with a sealed protective telescopic camera mounted along the longitudinal axis of the ionizing radiation beam on a rack of a tripod fixed at the base of the device with a radiation source fixed in it. The camera has upper static and lower telescopic sections, which are interconnected by transitional parts and friction mechanisms. 1 il. . (L

Description

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The invention relates to X-ray technology and can be used for micro X-ray studies, in particular, of biological objects.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of radiographs by eliminating the dynamic image blur.

The drawing shows a device for the X-ray analysis of small biological objects;

i The device contains a base 1 n} and which is firmly fixed to an infrared 4 ocher x-ray emitter 2 d with a collimator 3 and a stand 4 with frictional mechanisms 5 and 6. The friction mechanism 5 is rigidly connected with the holder 7 to the lower telescope 8 of the protective telescopic camera supplied Also, tubes 9-11, articulated by means of fixing nuts 12-14 and anti-friction seals 15-17,

Tube 11 protective telescopic ic

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camera through the connecting part 18 is connected with. housing 19, with which friction mechanism 6 is associated with; In the housing 19, a HfLH object frame 20 is installed with a clamping frame 21 for objects 5 n that are to be examined during the contact micro X-ray process. A tape mechanism 23 with a photosensitive material 24 is mounted above the object frame 20 under the cover 22; The photosensitive material 24 on the roller 26 passing under the pressure roller 25 on the roller 26 is shielded from X-rays by a protective cover 27.

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housing 37 mounted on a rack 4.

All moving parts and parts of the device are sealed with interlining pads 15-17, 38-41.

Friction mechanisms 5 and 6 mounted on a rack 4, respectively, contain friction rollers with flywheels 42 and 43, clamping pads 44 clamps 45 and 46, springs 47, Rack 4 has an index scale j, and friction mechanism 6 has a pointer between the focus of the radiator 2 and the photosensitive material 24, the Protective Telescopic Camera is also equipped with contactors 48, included in the power supply circuit 2, a nipple 49 for venting gases from the chamber and 50 for rewinding the photosensitive material. material 24 with the lid closed 22,

The device works as follows

In the process of contact micro X-ray analysis, the tubes 8-10 are released with the fixing nuts 12-14, the friction mechanism 5 the tube 8 is lifted upwards. The collimator 3 establishes the necessary angle of the working beam of ionizing radiation, remove the subject margin 33 from the subject table 32 and lower the lower extreme position to the subject table E. By the friction mechanism 5, the tube 8 is lowered to the position of the closing of the contactor 48, and in this position the friction mechanism 5 is fixed with a lock 45. By rotating the flywheel 43 of the friction mechanism 6, the tube 11 and the corners of the lower part of the tape-type Me-pus 19 are moved to the specified focal distance between The focus of the radiator 2 and the photosensitive material is 24. The focal length is determined by the measurement, the scale applied to rack 4, and the pointer on the friction mechanism. The fixers 46 fix the friction mechanism 6, and knockdowns 12-14 fixed 10T tubes 8-10., Fixing these nodes eliminates dynamic blurring and ensures the tightness of the telescopic chamber in the process, X-ray,

: n: anism 23 has been scattered. A sliding curtain 28, filled with protective foil "Above the object frame 20; a tube 29 with holes 30 is located along the perimeter, through which a mixture of gases is fed to immobilize X-ray no. 1K during radiography,

In the part of the protective telescopic chamber, which is movably mounted at the base 1, there is a rigidly attached 31 stan- dard stage 32. In the stage 32, a prematted frame 33 with the test objects 34 is installed during the test: {x-ray micro X-ray diffraction scanner1,

For fixing the clamp 22 in the open position, a magnet 35, an attachment is provided in the base holder 36.

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housing 37 mounted on a rack 4.

All moving parts and parts of the device are sealed with interlining pads 15-17, 38-41.

The friction mechanisms 5 and 6 mounted on the rack 4, respectively, contain friction rollers with flywheels 42 and 43, clamping plates 44, clamps 45 and 46, springs 47, the rack 4 has an index scale j, and on the friction mechanism 6 there is a pointer between the focus of the radiator 2 and a photosensitive material 24. The protective telescopic camera is also equipped with contactors 48, included in the power supply circuit 2, a branch pipe 49 for venting gases from the chamber and 50 for rewinding the photosensitive material. material 24 with the lid closed 22,

The device works as follows

In the process of contact X-ray micrographs, the tubes 8-10 are released by the locking nuts 12-14, the friction mechanism 5 the tube 8 is lifted upwards. The collimator 3 establishes the necessary angle of the working beam of ionizing radiation, remove the subject margin 33 from the subject table 32 and lower the lower extreme position to the subject table E. By means of the friction mechanism 5, the tube 8 is lowered to the locked position of the contactor 48, and in this position the friction mechanism 5 is fixed with a latch 45. By rotating the flywheel 43 of the friction mechanism 6, the tube 11 and the body 19 are moved to the specified focus

the distance between the focus of the radiator 2 and the photosensitive material - material 24. The focal distance is determined by the friction mechanism 6, and the fixture 46 fixes the friction mechanism 6, and fixing 12-14 fixing - .10T tubes 8-10., Fixing these nodes eliminates dynamic blurring and ensures the tightness of the telescopic chamber in the process, radiography,

Then, in the housing 19, the lid 22 is opened, a large mechanism 23 with a photosensitive material 24 “is installed and fixed.” The subject warp 20 is removed from the housing 19 and a tissue-equivalent substrate 51 with the object under study is installed. The subject frame 20 is installed in the housing 19 with the cover 22, the tape mechanism 23 is closed. At the same time, the frame frame 20 is mechanically blocked and the electrical interlock contactor in the power supply circuit of the radiator 2 is closed, after which the shutter 28 of the tape mechanism 23 is opened.

On the control panel of the radiator 2, set the exposure conditions (current values, voltages, exposures) and turn on the power. After the exposure time has elapsed, the power to the radiator 2 is turned off. When repeated contact micro X-rays open the cover 22 and, rotating the roller 26, rewind the photosensitive material 24 by one frame. The object frame 20 is removed, the tissue-equivalent substrate 51 with the objects under study is replaced, then the object frame 20 is re-installed in the housing 19, the cap is closed, the radiator 2 is powered on, and the photosensitive material 24 is next exposed.

Similarly to the process of contact micro x-ray of stationary studied objects, X-ray examination of mobile biological objects is carried out. Before the study, biological objects are preliminarily immobilized with a mixture of narcotic substances with inertial effects, then they are placed in the subject frames 20 on special substrates 51 of tissue-equivalent material. Subject frame 20 is placed in housing 19 and covered with lid 22. A dosing gas meter is connected to tube 29. When operating indoors, a gas outlet 49 is connected to a water jet pump. The gases are supplied from the moment the insects under investigation are placed in the chamber until the exposure of the photosensitive material to the end of 24. The required concentration is carried out by means of the gas metering unit and the water-jet pump in the volume of the protective telescopic chamber. and gas pressure. Gases or vapors of narcotic substances until the next one — the opening of the chamber is almost completely sucked out of the chamber volume by a water-jet pump, where they are mixed with water and then flow into the drain

system (when working in the field, gases or vapors of narcotic substances are released into the atmosphere).

Depending on the required direct X-ray increase of the studied organs or their separate parts of small biological objects, including insects, spores, fungi and other microorganisms, the projection micro X-ray diffractogram is used in their habitat, in which the magnification ratio is determined by the following 5th:

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a b the multiplicity of extensions of the studied objects; distance from the focus of the ionizing radiation source to the photosensitive material

distance from the focus of the ionizing radiation source to the object under study. In the process of projection microroentgenography, at the first stage of preparation of the device, the friction mechanisms 5 and 6 are unclipped using locking bolts 45 and 46 and tubes 8-10 with locking nuts 12-14, Distance a from focus of radiator 2 to photosensitive material-pa 24 Rotate the flywheel 43 of the friction mechanism 6, rigidly connected to the housing 19. The distance a is determined on the friction mechanism 6 and the friction mechanism 6 is fixed by means of the measuring device on the rack 4 and in the set position

In the housing 19, the cap 22 is opened, the ribbon mechanism 23 with the photosensitive material 24 is installed and fixed. The frame 20 is removed from the frame 19, the tissue-equivalent substrate 51 is removed from the frame 20, the frame 20 is mounted into the frame 19 and cover a krnshka 22 "

At the second stage of preparation of the device in the process of projection X-ray imaging, the tubes 8-10 are moved to the upper extreme position. With noMomji rotation of the flywheel 42 of the friction mechanism 5, rigidly connected to the tube 8 by means of the holder 7, Depending on the research specificity, the objects under study 34 are located514

They are placed on a beryllium plate or a special tissue-equivalent substrate of the subject frame 33, the Subject frame 33 with the objects under study 34 is placed on the subject table 32 "The distance b from the focus of the radiator 2- to the object under study 34 is set by moving the stage table 32, which is rigidly fixed on a rack 31 The rack 319 is movably associated with the base 1, is moved, with the help of: Mechanism e similar friction-i

Mechanisms 5 and B, mounted on Rack 4, but differing in that the carriage of this mechanism is rigidly connected to the base 1. And the movable part is rack 31 with the object g table 32, two measuring scales are plotted on rack 31 to determine the distance B) both inside and outside of a telescopic camera. When the preset distance b is reached, the rack 31 is fixed - play I A number 3 by the installer installs the necessary angle of the working doll of the ionizing part. The frikpunn mechanism 5 tubes 8-10 move to their most extreme position until the contactor 48 is closed in this position the friction mechanism 5 is fixed with a lock 45 and the tubes 8-10 are fixed with nuts 12-14. The process of nicothographic projection of the photometric wedge, exposing stationary and mobile biological objects using gas or vapors of narcotic substances for idlers ™ is carried out a. Analogously to contact micro X-ray diffraction.

When using the long-wave part of the spectrum of soft X-ray radiation in the wavelength range from 2 to 12 A c (5, for the display, the microstructures in the rDIx region are up to one micron in size, the preparative X-ray examination process is performed similarly to the contact and projection x-ray x-ray diffraction process ; except that, after fixing the main components of the protective: ntnoy telescopic chamber B; They dig, and a vacuum pump will go up to the nozzle 49. When the required Ia vacuums are reached, a mirror 2 is turned on in the volume of the telescopic chamber, After a time expires.

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The NIN switch off the vacuum and, through the opening of the tube 29, slowly let air into the chamber.

When repeating the projection micro X-ray process with the handle 50, the photosensitive material 24 is rewound into one frame. Tubes 8-10 fixing nuts 12-14 free from fixation. With the friction mechanism 5, the tubes 8-10 are moved upwards. From the stage 32, the frame 33 and the objects 34 are replaced on it, the Subject frame 33 with the new research objects 34 is placed in the stage 32, the friction mechanism 5 tubes 8,9, 10 is moved to the position prior to closure of the contactor 48 and, in this position, the friction mechanism 5 is fixed with locking pins 45 and the tubes 8-10 with locking nuts 12-14. Then another exposure of photosensitive material 24 is carried out.

Instead of a tape drive mechanism 23 in the housing 19, special cassettes can be used to produce single shots using contact and projection micro X-rays on a sheet of photographic film or photo paper with a different frame format.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Device for micro x-ray, 5 phy containing base in which 0 A microfocus X-ray ejection set was installed over a sealed protective chamber over it, equipped with a protective foil, a subject and a phantom receiver, so that, in order to improve the quality of X-ray photographs, by eliminating dynamic blurring of the image 5, the sealed chamber is it is telescopic colored and formed by a lower section of articulated with each other by means of fixing nuts telescopically with sub-1-Ecting tubes 5 with an upper section made of an articulated tube through A fixed nut with an upper tube bottom section, and a body rigidly connected to this tube, in which a prefixed frame is installed, E is fixed in a retractable shutter, a protective foil and a photodetector, the device is equipped with a friction-resistant stand and mechanisms fixed to the base , one short circuit which is tough 0 It is connected with the lower tube of the lower section, and the other with the tube and / or body of the upper section, and an additional B is inserted. a light stage, mounted with the ability to move along the height of the protective chamber.