SU1414725A1 - Arrangement for preventing evaporation of volatile liquids - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to means of reducing losses from the evaporation of highly evaporating liquids, namely to closures for sealing gaps between the floating pontoons and the wall of the tank. What is new is that the sealing gate is a torus of discrete cylindrical parts made of a lightweight, oil-resistant, flexible oil-resistant material and covered with a layer of agglomerated rubber-based composite material, which swells boundedly in a fluid. The design features of such an annular shutter make it possible to rotate cylindrical elements around the axis and to avoid rubbing the sealing ring against the walls of the tank, which makes it possible to significantly increase the durability and efficiency of the shutter. 2 3. p. F-ly, 3 ill.

Description

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The invention relates to means of reducing the loss of petroleum products from evaporation, and specifically to the closures for sealing the gaps between the floating pontoons and the wall of the reservoir.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability and increase the service life: by increasing the wear resistance and eliminating damage to the seal, its shutter. Constructive design of a device for preventing evaporation of easily spilled liquid fluids, including a floating pontoon, sealing the seal of an elastic, oil-and-petrol-resistant material as a composite torus with a positive stock of buoyancy capable of ejection on the surface of the tank wall when the liquid is poured and filled, as well as I turn and move relative to the pontoon between the upper and lower I pontoon restrictive visors I that have an angle of inclination to the horizontal; equal to 10-45 °, allows to reduce the value of elastic deformations, to improve the sealing conditions of the gate with relative I movements of cylindrical parts, and, consequently, to increase the reliability and service life.

FIG. 1 shows schematically a device for preventing evaporation of a highly evaporated liquid, a general view; in fig. 2 - the torus, made in the embodiment of the composite cylindrical elements (section A-A in Fig. 1); in fig. 3 - sealing bolt, made in the version with a central tightening, longitudinal section.

The device for preventing evaporation of easily evaporating liquids contains: a pontoon 2 located in the tank 1 with a conical visor 3 attached to it and curved elements 4. Between the wall of the tank and the pontoon canopy the gate formed of It consists of a cylindrical part coated with a layer 6 of an agglomerated composite material consisting of a partially swollen polymer and a lightweight filler in the form of hollow microspheres filled with an inert gas.

The docking of the cylindrical parts of the torus can be made with the help of the rods 7 and the holes 8 or by means of the central bolt 9.

The lower curved elements 4 increase the operational reliability of the design, since they exclude the possibility of the sealing ring falling under the pontoon in case of draining the liquid from the tank to a lower level than that provided by the limiting racks present in most tanks equipped with pontoons. clean the bottom

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tank without dismantling the pontoon. In addition, lower limiting meadows increase the efficiency and durability of the structure in the absence of restrictive racks of the tank, since they prevent contamination of the sealing ring if it touches the bottom of the tank containing bottom sediments and sediments.

The cylindrical elements form a sealing ring after their joining with the help of holes and rods of non-transmitting torque and the main magnitude of the bending moments. As a result, when the cylindrical element is pressed against the inner surface of the tank wall on the outer and inner side of the sealing ring, minimum voltage differences are formed. In this connection, minimum wear of the sealing ring is achieved, which contributes to the achievement of the goal.

The device works as follows.

When the tank is filled, the pontoon 2 starts moving (upwards) relative to the tank wall. Due to the hydrostatic force, the light composite torus sealing the gate closes against the visor 3 and, rolling over the wall of the tank, closes the space. At the same time, the sliding resistance of parts of the sealing closure along the visor 3 is minimal due to the high quality of the surface of the visor 3 and the limited swelling elastic surface layer.

When the tank is emptied, the sealing gate in the form of a torus rolls down along the tank wall by pressing on the visor 3. Keeping the tight contact and closure permanently between the tank wall and the pontoon visor.

Example 1. For tanks with a volume of 2000 m, the following dimensions of cylindrical components made of polyethylene foam with a density of 05- W diameter 0.4 m, length 0.8 m, radius of the spherical end face of the torus 0.4 m, can be approximated. a layer of agglomerated composite material with a thickness of 0.015 m.

The elements are assembled in the form of a torus with a length of about 47 m with the help of a central stj-HOi o element;

When the angle of inclination of the visor 3 to the horizontal (surface of the liquid) is 15 °, the force of pressing the ring against the wall of the tank is 0.218 kg per 0.01 m length.

For a 5000 m tank, the following dimensions of cylindrical floating elements made of polyethylene with a density of 0.05-10 kg / m can be taken approximately: diameter 0.4 m, length 3.0 m, rod diameter 0.1 m at length 0 , 5 m. The elements are covered with a layer of agglomerated composite material with a thickness of 0.01 m.

Assembling a torus in the form of a torus assembled from 26 such parts has a buoyancy margin of about 0.84 kg 0.01 m in length and, supported by a visor 3 with an angle of 45 °, develops a sealing force to the wall of the tank equal to 0.6 kg

The main advantage of the proposed valve is durability, ease of installation and operation, elimination of adhesion to the walls due to a layer of composite material and high efficiency of protection against evaporation.

Claims (3)

1. A device for preventing evaporation of highly evaporating liquids, mainly petroleum products, including a floating cover or pontoon with a sealing closure having a positive buoyancy, characterized in that, in order to increase reliability and increase service life by increasing wear resistance bone and excluding damage to the sealing gate; it is provided with a conical visor reinforced around the floating roof or pontoon and located under the last curved elements; the sealing valve has the shape of a torus, is made of elastic oil-resistant material and is placed between the conical visor and curved elements; the inclination of the visor to the horizontal plane is 15. -45 °. 2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing gate has a layer of agglomerated composite material placed on the surface of the torus, the ratio of the thickness of the latter to the diameter of the cross section of the torus being (0.3-0.4) :. 3. A device according to claim I, characterized in that the sealing bolt is made composite, each part of which has a through central channel for accommodating a tension element in it and is rotatably arranged around the latter. ///////// /// /// /// /// X 7 / /// ////////// //. 1 6