SU1410890A1 - Arrangement for separating root and tuber crops from soil clods - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to agricultural machinery. The purpose of the invention is to increase the separation capacity. The reflective elements 2 are made in the form of a sphere and are installed opposite each conveyor 1. The restrictive disks 3 are installed on both sides of each 5 of the reflective element 2. Diskp 3 and the momentum have a twisted axis 4 of rotation. The device is also equipped with conveyors 5 and 6 for withdrawing of root and tuber crops and soil lumps. The reflective elements 2 are rigidly mounted on the shaft 7, and the disks 3 - with the possibility of rotation, but fixed in the axial direction. Drive devices; carried out from the gear motor 13 with a block of sprockets 11, 12, 14 by means of chain transmissions 15 and 16. A heap of roots and tubers. Soil and soil lumps are fed to calibrator 18, where fine, and then medium and coarse fractions are separated. Each fraction is fed through trays to the corresponding conveyor 1, then to the reflective element 2. When rebounding, the roots float farther than soil clumps and fall onto the corresponding conveyors 5 and 6. Correction of flight deviations is provided by a different frequency of rotation of the disks 3, as well as setting nor between the like of separated streams and reflective elements 2. 2 z. f-ly, 5 pl. (About tmoA oo with

Description

This invention relates to an agricultural MaujHHocTpoetmro, and specifically to machines for separating root and tuber crops from soil lumps.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the separation capacity of the device.

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the device, side view; in fig. 2 - the same, top view; in fig. 3 is a section A-A in FIG. 2; in fig. 4 is a diagram of fastening the guides of the divided flows; in fig. 5 is a diagram of the mutual arrangement of adjacent guides.

The device contains conveyors 1 for giving root crops, reflective elements 2, made in the form of a sphere and installed opposite each conveyor 1, restrictive disks 3 mounted on both sides of each reflective element 2, with disks 3 and elements having a common axis 4 of rotation. The device is also equipped with conveyors for the removal of 5 root crops and 5 soil lumps 6.

The reflective elements 2 are rigidly mounted on the shaft 7, and the disks 3 with the ability to rotate on it, but fixed in the axial direction. An asterisk 8 is also fixed on the shaft 7. The periphery of the discs 3 are made with gear teeth for chain drives 9.

The device contains a drive consisting of a shaft 10, on which drive sprockets 11 and drive sprocket 12 are rigidly mounted, gearmotor 13 with a block of 14 sprockets for driving shafts 7 and 10 by means of chain gears 15 and 16, respectively, and guides 17 separated flows.

Above the conveyors 1 there is a means for preliminary calibration of the components of the heap being processed, made, for example, in the form of a belt type calibrator 18. Trays 19 are located under the calibrating surface. The guides 17 are fixed on the tires 20 with longitudinal grooves 21 by means of screw pairs 22.

Each conveyor 1 is designed to feed the elements 2 of the corresponding fraction of components. On the front side of each pair of disks 3 a pair of sprockets П of the corresponding diameter is installed.

In order to select the optimal mode of operation of the device, when processing a specific pile, the asterisks 8, II, 12 and 14 are made interchangeable. An experimental distance is selected between the individual guides 17 and the elements 2.

The device works as follows.

A heap of root crops and soil lumps is fed to calibrator 18, to which a fine fraction is first released, then medium and large. Each fraction is fed through trays 19 to the corresponding

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The main conveyor 1, which, after lining up the components in rows, directs them to the reflective elements 2. The root crops, bouncing more from elements 2, further fly away from them than soil lumps and fall onto the conveyor 5, and the soil lumps - onto the conveyor 6. Part root crops, rebounding from elements 2, deflects left or right, but restrictive disks 3 direct it to the conveyor 5.

One batch of fractions is applied to each reflective element; therefore, the spread of separated flows of root and tuber crops and soil lumps is less than when an uncalibrated pile is fed, which means that the boundary between the flows is clearer, which allows increasing the separation capacity of the device.

Correction of the deviated flight trajectory of different fractions bounced off element 2 of the different fractions requires different effects, which can be achieved by informing the disks of 3 different rotation frequencies: when processing a larger fraction, the disks 3 receive a higher rotation frequency, which differs from the rotation frequency of elements 2. More precise adjustment The flight path of the root crop also allows for an increase in the separation capacity of the device. In addition, the guides of the divided streams for each reflecting element are set with the possibility of changing the distance between them.

Claims (3)

Invention Formula . A device for separating the roots from the soil clumps, containing feed conveyors, reflective elements made in the form of a sphere installed opposite each conveyor, restrictive discs mounted on both sides of each reflective element on the same axis with it, a drive for rotating the reflective elements. discs and flow guides, characterized in that, in order to increase the separating ability to communicate different rotational frequencies, the drives of reflective elements and The animated disks are made individual, and the guides of the divided streams are made separate for each reflective element and are set with the possibility of changing the distance between them. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with means for pre-calibrating the components of the heap to be processed into several fractions, the means being installed above the feeding conveyors and have trays for directing the components of each fraction to the appropriate conveyor. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a limiting disk drive containing a shaft with drive sprockets, disks are equipped with driven sprockets of the same diameter, leading spars. The drawers are made of different diameters, while the large sprockets are located opposite the driven sprockets of drives large fraction. / J 18 Fig.Z / 7 Fy