SU1408447A1 - Device for reproducing trauma of internal organs and tissue - Google Patents

Description

(21) 4048207 / 28-14

(22) 04/01/86

(46) 07.07.88. Bksh. Number 25

(71) Kharkov Research Institute of General and Emergency Surgery

(72) A.M. Pikenin and V.G.Goryunov

(53) 617.001.36-092 (088.8)

(56) USSR Author's Certificate No. 123744, cl. G 09 B 23/28, 1984.

(54) DEVICE FOR REPRODUCING THE CONTRUSION OF INTERNAL ORGANS AND TISSUES

(57) The invention relates to the field of experimental medicine. The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of reproduction of the scattered shock front. The device consists of a metal rod 1 equipped with a calibrated spring 2 placed inside cylinder 3. At the end of the rod,

facing the animal, have a traumaturized working part 4 of the striker aligned with it. Working part 4 consists of three enlarged materials in density, related by a ratio of 1: 3: 9-1: 3: 15, and their axial lines are offset from the center of gravity by 5-10 in opposite directions. The working part 4 is made with a ratio of layers 5: 3: 1. The top layer 5 of the impactor is made of foam rubber and is elastically fixed to the metal base 6. The middle layer 7 is made of rubber and rigidly fixed with metal screws 8. The fixation elasticity of layer 5 is provided with adhesive tape 9. The device provides for imitation of the phases of traumatic exposure in mixed media of a living organism. 1 il.

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The invention relates to the field of experimental medicine, and more specifically to experimental surgery and traumatology, and is intended to produce a product of contouring injuries of internal organs and tissues, which they have in a situation equivalent to road traffic accidents. ,

The purpose of the invention is to increase the accuracy of reproduction of the scattered shock front.

By contusion, for example, of the lung, heart, and other internal organs, we should understand the syndrome that occurs acutely when a single injury to the body surface is caused by mechanical trauma, an abrupt pressure drop, etc.

In most cases, contusion syndromes are reproduced by airborne shock VSM1NOY. Meanwhile, accidents are increasingly giving rise to situations that leave no doubt about the presence of traumatic internal contusions of organs and tissues. In some cases, they are characterized by interstitial hemorrhage, organ relocation, dysfunction, and in others, a decrease in the nonspecific resistance of the organism. These circumstances make it necessary to create such animal models to study the patterns of contusional damage to internal organs and tissues and to develop therapeutic and prophylactic approaches.

The mechanism of reproducing traumatic contusional injuries of internal organs and tissues, for example, in dogs in an experiment is based on the anatomical and topographical features of them and the nature of the propagation of shock waves created by the traumatized object (drummer),

In order to get contusion syndrome of the lung, heart, parenchymal organs and tissues, it is necessary to reproduce such an injury of the body, which would result in dispersion of the shock wave front both in time and space. Consequently, the drummer cannot be monolithic and is bound to represent a multilayer structure with displaced axes, ensuring that the shock waves change at the moment of injury.

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FIG. Figure 1 shows a device for reproducing coatucous injuries of internal organs and tissues, for example, in dogs in an experiment.

The device consists of a metal rod 1, equipped with a calibrated spring 2 placed inside the cylinder 3. At the end of the rod facing the animal, have a traumatic working part 4 of the drummer coaxially with it. The working part 4 consists of three, increasing in density materials, connected by a ratio of 1: 3: 9-1: 3: 15, and their axial lines are shifted relative to the center of gravity (CG) by 5-10 ° in opposite directions. Being mushroom-shaped, the working part 4 is complete with a ratio of 5: 3: 1 layers. The upper (first) drummer layer 5 is made, for example, of foam rubber and is elastically fixed to the metal base (the third layer) .6. The second (middle) layer 7 is made, for example, of rubber and rigidly fixed with metal screws 8. The elasticity of fixation

layer 5 is provided with adhesive tape 9.

Such a constructive solution of the device is associated with the need to imitate the phases of the traumatic impact: reproduction of temporal and spatial gradients of shock waves in mixed environments of a living organism.

The sequence of application of the device is in the following.

After preparing the experimental animal and the injuring device, it is installed in the desired position — in the projection of the injured organ (tissue) so that the resultant front of the shock wave on the right and left is projected onto the contusion reproduction point. After that, the shock mechanism spring is cocked, setting it at the required impact force (50, 60, 70-90-120 k; g / cm) and the required angle, previously calculated in accordance with the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the experimental organs (tissues) an animal.

At the time of injury (in the first, 0.08-0.09 s) of the chest (abdominal) wall, the first layer 5 is pumped. During this time there is no injury as such.

since -layer 5 is easily crushed and plays the role of a damping device. At the same time, such a weak impact creates a shock front in body tissues displaced by 5 relative to the main axis of impact. A similar displacement of the shock front is also observed with respect to the more dense percussion layer 7, although in the opposite direction. That is why the scattering angle of the shock wave is increased by 10. Depending on the strength of the injury, the speed of movement of the striker varies from 0 to 14), 15 s. It is at this time that the scattering front of the shock wave in the fabrics is formed, therefore, when injured with a force of 90-120 kg / cm, which is equivalent to hitting a car at a speed of 90-100 km / h, hydrodynamic impact does not occur, and with it traumatic breaks organs (tissues). There is a contusion injury with elements of their relocation in the body, which does not exclude hemorrhages of any local nature, traumatic emphysema areas, for example, in the lungs, contusions of the heart, liver, spleen, stomach.

Such injuries are practically not diagnosed. Even with the Ttfna Aloka ultrasonic sonar, however, its long-term consequences often become decisive in the further fate of the injured, predetermined by the occurrence of post-traumatic complications. The peculiarity of the contusion injuries is that they contribute to the reduction of nonspecific resistance of the organism, which in itself is not terrible, although it creates conditions for the formation of sp0

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pyphic symptoms and traumatic disease syndromes. The final component of the contusion damage- PII should be considered a blow formed by the third layer 6. It is located centrally and serves as an axial one for the two: others. The effect of scattering of the shock wave front is also predetermined by the time (or more precisely, the difference, gradient of it) of the injury of each layer of the impactor. This condition is fulfilled not only by the density of the layers, but also by a ratio of their sizes of 5: 3: 1. If this ratio is changed, then the efficiency of the formation of a contusional, and not another type of injury, decreases.

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 A brief description of the biomechanics of reproduction of contusional injuries of the internal organs (tissues) proves that their formation is based on the principles of the propagation of shock waves in mixed media.

A device for reproducing contusion of internal organs and tissues.

consisting of a metal rod with a spring mechanism and a mushroom-shaped drummer, characterized in that, in order to improve the reproduction accuracy of the scattered

5 of the shock wave front, the working part of the striker is made of three layers of materials of increasing density, connected by a ratio of 1: 3: 9-1: 3: 15, the dimensions of which are related by the ratio

0 5: 3: 1, with the axial lines of each layer offset from the central axis by 5-10 °, starting from the center of gravity.

Claims (1)

Claim A device for reproducing a concussion of internal organs and tissues, consisting of a metal rod with a spring mechanism and a mushroom-shaped striker, is characterized in that, in order to increase the accuracy of reproduction of the scattered front of the shock wave, the working part of the striker is made of three layers of materials of increasing density, connected with a ratio of 1: 3: 9-1: 3: 15, the sizes of which are connected by a ratio of 5: 3: 1, while the axial lines of each layer are offset from the central axis by 5-10 °, starting from the center of gravity. Compiled by L. Gokhshtein Editor L. Gratillo Tehred A. Kravchuk Corrector E. Lonchakova Order 3354/52 Circulation 459 Subscription VNIIIPI of the USSR State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries 113035, Moscow ,. Zh-35, Raushskaya nab., D. 4/5 Production and printing company, Uzhhorod, st. Project, 4