SU1408435A1 - Extreme-type power regulator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular to sources of secondary power supply. The purpose of the invention is to improve the specific energy characteristics. Power channel. The main winding consists of 4 throttles 3, a block of 6 reverse diodes and a block 12 of power switches. The control channel includes a power sensor 7 in the form of a Hall element placed in a non-magnetic gap of throttles 3, a driver of 8 pulses in the form of a parametric variable voltage regulator, an information converter 9 in the form of a variable meter comprising a signal pin, a transistor switch 10, a threshold element 11, the resistors 13, 14, diodes 15-17, are parallel to the KS circuit 18, 19. The pulse shaper 8 is triggered by signals from the additional winding 5 droplets 3. With the circuit diagram selected, the amount of power received from the direct current supply point 1 to load 2 oscillates in the vicinity of its maximum. This optimal regulator mode is combined with a simple design that does not require auxiliary power units. 1 3.p. f-ly, 3 ill. "L

Description

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The invention relates to electrical TJexHHKe and is intended to be used in the implementation of autonomous power supply systems with unregulated primary power sources of the Dwell current limited power OST.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the specific energy characteristics.

Fig. 1 shows the principal and extreme electrical circuit.

power controller; in Fig. 2, 3 are diagrams explaining it.

The power regulator contains a source of power supply of direct current and load 2, as well as choke 3 with base 4 and an additional 5 windings,

5 blocks of 6 reverse diodes, power sensor 7, 8 impulse driver, 1 information converter 9, transistor switch 10, threshold element

I1, block 12 power keys, the first. : | t3 and the second 14 resistors, the first 15, the second 16, and the third 17 diodes, a parallel RC circuit with a resistor 18 and a capacitor 19. The shaper 8 im Pulsov is made in the form of a parametric variable voltage regulator with two counter-voltage series-connected zener diodes 20

| and 21 and the ballast resistor 22. The information transformer 9 is made | In the form of a meter, the variable component of the signal and includes a current I-transformer 23, resistors 24- | 26 and a capacitor 27. Threshold element | Ment 11 consists of back-to-back: zener diode 28 and diode 29, the main winding 4 throttle 3 is connected in series with the block 6 reverse diodes in the first of two power buses located between the terminals to connect the source of direct current and load 2 "Block 12 power keys included common meladu A output of the main winding 3 and 4 of the choke unit 5 and the second inverse diode power bus.

The input of the driver 8 pulses are connected with an additional winding 8 throttle 3.

The power sensor 7 is configured as a Hall element placed in a non-magnetic gap of the throttle 3 magnetic core and connected by control electrodes via a resistor 13 to the trigger for connecting the power supply 1

direct current. The input of the information converter 9 is connected to the output of the power sensor 7. The emitter-base transition of the transistor switch 10 through the threshold element 11 is connected to the output of the information converter 9. One of the terminals (cathode) of the diode 15 is connected to the first output terminal of the parametric variable voltage regulator (with the anode of the zener diode 20). A parallel RC circuit 18 and 19 is connected between the second output terminal of the parametric variable voltage regulator (anode of the Zener diode 21) and the corresponding output of the control input of the power switch unit 12 (the base terminal of the transistor). Resistor 14 is connected between the first output terminal of the parametric variable voltage regulator (the anode of the Zener diode 20) and the second power bus. Diode 16 is connected back-to-back with diode 15 and connected by one of the terminals (cathode) with the second output terminal of the parametric variable voltage regulator (anode of the Zener diode 21). The diode 17 is connected in the opposite direction parallel to the control input of the power switch unit 12 (base-emitter junction of the transistor).

A collector-emitter junction of the transistor switch 10 is connected between the common output of the zener diodes 20 and 21 of the parametric variable voltage regulator and the common output of the diodes 15 and 16. In the information converter 9, the input circuit is the primary winding of the current transformer 23 connected in series with the resistor 24 and the capacitor 27 and the output circuit is the secondary winding of the current transformer 23, shunted by resistor 25 and connected in series with resistor 26.

The power regulator operates as follows.

When the direct current supply source 1 is connected to the load 2, energy is accumulated in the choke 3 at the expense of the main winding 4. In the latter, a self-induced EMF is induced, the polarity of which is shown in Fig. J1. In the additional winding 5 droplets 3, an EMF is induced causing the circuit of the power switch block 12 to close. The control current of the unit 12 is of an increased value as long as the capacitor 19 is charged, which contributes to the rapid closure of the power switches. The current of source 1 flows from the positive pole to the negative through the main winding 4 and the closed block 12 of power switches. As energy is accumulated in winding 4, this current increases.

. A change in the current of source 1 in the process of energy accumulation in the inductor leads to a corresponding change in the voltage of source 1 due to a change in the voltage drop across its internal resistance. At the same time, the output power of source 1 changes as a result of changes in its current and voltage. The output EMF of the power sensor 7, made in the form of a Hall element, is directly proportional to the product of the magnitude of the magnetic flux in which the given element is located by the amount of current flowing through its control electrodes. In the proposed controller, the magnetic flux in the gap of the magnetic conductor of droplets 3 directly is proportional to the magnetomotive force generated by the current of source 1 flowing through the main winding 4. Therefore, the magnetic flux is proportional to the current of source 1. The current flowing through the control electrodes of the sensor 7 power is proportional to the voltage of source 1. Consequently, the output signal of power sensor 7 is proportional to the product of the current of source 1 and its voltage, i.e. instantaneous value of its output power. When the current i of the source 1 is changed, the power P of the latter and the output signal of the power sensor 7 change according to the law shown in FIG. 2.

The elements included in the output circuit of the power sensor 7, in particular the capacitor 27, the resistor 24 and the current transformer 23, form the variable component of the power signal. The variable component generates a voltage across the resistor 25. The waveform on the resistor 25 is shown in FIG.

The diode 29 of the threshold element 11 does not transmit the positive part of the signal, and the zener diode 28 transmits that negative part of the signal, the voltage of which exceeds its level of breakdown voltage. As a result

The emitter and the base transition of the transistor switch 10 receive short pulses that bring it into the closed state. With an appropriate selection of elements, it is possible to achieve that the transistor switch 10 closes at the moments when the instantaneous value of the power of source 1 is equal to P, (1) (Fig. 2). As a result, source 1 operates in the range of power values corresponding to the part of the graph between points h and 8.

With the power supply unit 12 closed, the current and power of source 1 i increase. After the maximum power reaches the value of Р „kc (point c), a further increase in the current of source 1 does not lead to an increase in power due to a decrease in the voltage of source 1 due to a drop in voltage on its internal resistance. At the time when the power reaches the value of P (1) at the point b for which the transistor switch 10 is closed. It shunts the control circuit of the power switch unit 12. Over the time of the closed state of the block 12, the capacitor 19 is discharged along the circuit: positively charged capacitor 19 lining - Zener diode 21. - collector-emitter junction of the transistor switch Yu - diode 13 - resistor 14 - diode 17 - negatively charged plate the capacitor 19. The discharge current of the capacitor 19 partially closes the power switches of the unit 12. The main winding 4 throttle 3 begins to transfer the stored energy to the load circuit 2. The current through the choke 3 decreases. The polarity of the self-induced emf in winding 4 is reversed. The current in the pulse shaper 8 also changes its direction to the opposite. This current opens the power switch block 12 avalanchely, since as the power switches close, the source 1 current decreases, self-induction EMF increases and, consequently, the current closing the block 12 increases. At the same time, the capacitor 19 is reset.

When the power keys 12 block is open, the source 1 current flows through the reverse diode block 6 and the load 2. The main winding 4 of the throttle 3 charged during the closed state of the block 12 performs the role of a volt-to-source source due to induced IB and EMF self-induction, which is added to the voltage source 1 and is compatible with it, provides power to load 2 through a block of 6 reverse diodes. In addition 1, the winding 17 of the throttles 3 is induced by the EMF supporting the open state of the block 12 of power switches.

 The current of source 1 decreases until the power reaches the value of P (1) at the point ". In this case, the information converter 9 and the threshold element 11 form a short pulse opening the transistor switch 10, which leads to a change in the state of the power switch unit 12. The source current 1 then begins to increase until the operating point arrives at the point &).

Thus, the power of source 1 varies in the range of P (1), p, i.e. close to the maximum. In the proposed extreme power regulator, the specified optimal operation mode is combined with simple construction and predetermines high reliability and minimal power consumption I for control.

Claims (2)

Claim 1. Extreme power controller for connecting a DC power source, information converter, input of which is connected 5 with an output of a power sensor, a transistor switch, the emitter-base transition of which is connected via the threshold element to the output of the information converter, the first diode, one of the terminals of which is connected to the first output terminal of the parametric voltage regulator, the second diode, the second resistor, o l and h a -, y and i with the fact that, in order to improve the specific energy characteristics, a KS circuit and a third diode are inserted in it parallel, and the information converter is designed as a variable meter 20 of the signal, moreover, parallel to the CS circuit is connected between the second output terminal of the parametric variable voltage regulator and the corresponding input of the control input of the block 25 power switches, the second resistor is between the first output of the parametric variable voltage regulator and the second power pin, the second diode is connected counter-sequentially with the first diode and is connected to one of the outputs of the second output voltage of the parametric voltage regulator, and the third a diode is connected in the reverse direction, containing a choke, the main part of which is parallel to the control input of the coil unit, which includes a series of power switches, the collector-emitter with the reverse diode unit, the first of two power lines located between the outputs to connect the power source direct current and load, power switch unit, connected between the common output of the main winding of the throttle and reverse diode power unit and the EGTory power bus, pulse shaper, embedded in the 45 ii de parametric stabilizer consists of the third, fourth and fifth PE alternating voltage with two colliding ican and current transformer, but-per- series-connected between primary winding of which is stabilized, Lytron included and connected with the input pre-. in series with the third resistor, the complementary winding of the chokes, a capacitor date 50, constitutes the power input capacitor, made as a Hall element placed in a non-transient transistor switch connected between the common zener diode output of the parametric voltage regulator and the common terminal of the first and second diodes. 2. Power regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the converter circuit, and the secondary winding, shunted by the fourth resistor and connected in series with the fifth resistor, is its output circuit. the gap gap of the throttle magnetic circuit and connected to the control electrodes through the first register to the terminals for connecting a DC power source, an information converter whose input is connected with the output of the power sensor, a transistor switch, the emitter-base transition of which is connected via the threshold element to the output of the information converter, the first diode, one of the terminals of which is connected to the first output terminal of the parametric voltage regulator, the second diode, the second resistor, O TL so that, in order to improve the specific energy characteristics, a KC circuit and a third diode are introduced into it in parallel, and the information converter is designed as a variable component meter signal, with the KS circuit connected in parallel between the second output terminal of the parametric variable voltage regulator and the corresponding input of the control input of the block power switches, the second resistor is between the first output of the parametric variable voltage regulator and the second power pin, the second diode is connected anti-sequentially to the first diode and is connected by one of the leads to the second output terminal of the parametric voltage regulator, the third the diode is connected in the opposite direction parallel to the control input of the power switch block; the collector-emitter converter of information consists of the third, fourth and fifth resistors and a current transformer, the primary winding of which is connected in series with the third resistor to the capacitor The transistor switch is connected between the common zener of the zener diodes of the parametric ac voltage regulator and the common terminal of the first and second diodes. 2. Power regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the diode is connected in the opposite direction parallel to the control input of the power switch block; the collector-emitter converter of information consists of the third, fourth and fifth resistors and a current transformer, the primary winding of which is connected in series with the third resistor to the capacitor the converter circuit, and the secondary winding, shunted by the fourth resistor and connected in series with the fifth resistor, is its output circuit.  fmex fid) Shg, 2 and 25 one ag.5