SU1407762A1 - Device for monitoring the accuracy of rotation of hollow work - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a machine tool industry and can be used when testing the spindles of turning and grinding machines under load in real conditions of their work. The aim of the invention is to improve the control accuracy and expand the technological capabilities by providing measurements of the parameters of the hollow part of the hollow part under normal operating conditions of the machine, ensuring control of the oscillation of the main part at fixed frequencies. The device consists of a mandrel 1 fixed on fixed supports 2. On the mandrel there are fixed contactless sensors 4, controlling, mixing, internal bore 5 of the hollow part (spindle) 6 and its end 7. In one cross section of the mandrel, two sensors are mixed, mixed in axial the cross section of the mandrel 1 at an angle of 90 °. In the electrical circuit of measuring signals from sensors 4 there is a band filter 10 and a unit for calculating both static and dynamic mixing of the hollow part 6. The device allows to measure static mixing of the spindle relative to its nominal position, determine the yrOvT of its front end rotation, measure the amplitude of oscillation spindle at different frequencies and its direction. 4 il. i (L

Description

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The invention relates to a machine tool industry can be used when testing the spindles of turning and grinding machines under load in real conditions of their work.

A: The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of KJOHT, IL and to expand technological capabilities by providing measurements of the parameters of the vras, a hollow part under normal operating conditions of the machine, ensuring control of oscillations of the vertex and its parts at fixed frequencies.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the device; in fig. 2 is a view A of FIG. one; in fig. 3 shows the mutual positions of the reference and the hollow part at displacements of the part; in fig. 4 - graphs of signals from the sensors of the mixes, axis along the X and Y axes, characterizing, not mixing and vibrating the axis. E. The metals are relative to the axis of the fixed anchor of the mandrel.

The device consists of a mandrel 1 mounted on a fixed and independent of the basic parts of the machine, such as a lathe, support 2 and (possibly) 3. In the reference information, contactless measuring transducers of linear movements (sensors) 4 are fixed, controlling the displacement of the internal boring 5 of the hollow part 6 and its end 7. In one section of the mandrel, an explorer BB, two measuring transducers 4 are placed, displaced in axial section of the mandrel 1 at an angle of 90 °, and to simplify the determination of the direction and amount of mixing. Measuring transducers 4 should be placed on the charge perpendicular C1CFs A and U (Fig. 2), for example, the Y axis is the vertical direction, the A axis is the horizontal direction of the section 6 of the workpiece and the dispatch 1. Measurement information from the 4 converters along the lines 8 communication- ((stumbles on the transfer-transforming device- | device 9, then on the block 10 band-pass filters - 1 |), then on the computing unit 11, the actual processing of the incoming information. The filter unit 10 comprises Several band-pass filters for separating the wide-band effect of radial and axial oscillations of the Hollow part arising when it is rotated by a large number of revolutions. The broadband spectrum of oscillations of the rotating hollow part 6 arises due to the oscillation: the rigidity of the rotational supports, the oscillations of the secondary stiffness of the rotatable part 6, the unevenness, the oscillations of the gear load 6 due to the inaccuracies of te manufacture, etc.

To measure the amplitude and direction of oscillations of part 6 in different ranges of the liacTOT spectrum, the device uses | 5 blocks of 10 bandpass filters, using which measure the amplitude of oscillations of part 6 along the axes A and U (Fig. 2). For different frequency ranges in different sections rotating hollow part 6,

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for example, in the sections EE, DD, BB, CC, in the ranges of 0-20, 20-50. 50-100, 100-200 Hz, etc., determined by the type of the connected band-pass filter of the block 10 band-pass filters. The switching of the block 10 and the analysis of information from the sensor groups 4 and 12 are performed by the computing unit 11. The sensor 12 is fixed on the bracket 13 fixed on the mandrel 1 so that the sensor 12 is located near the end 7 of the part 6 and monitors its axial displacements . Sensors 4 located in section BB (Fig. 1) should be placed in the plane of front support 14 of part 6. Sensors 4 located in section CC should be located at the right edge of the inner bore 5 of part 6. Such an arrangement of these sensors is necessary for more accurate determination of the angles of rotation of the right end of the part 6 in the planes YOZ and XOZ. Sensors 4 may also be located in other sections of interest of part 6, for example, EE, DD, etc.

The device works as follows. When testing the accuracy of rotation of high-speed hollow parts, for example, machine cutting spindles, the mandrel 1 with the sensor groups 4 and the sensor 12 is inserted into the rotating hollow part 6. The mandrel 1 is aligned concentrically along the axis of the hollow part 6 and fixed to the machine-independent parts for example, a machine, supports 2 (and, or) 3. Next, by rotating the hollow part 6 by means of sensors 4, the concentricity of the axis of rotation of the part 6 and the axis of the mandrel 1 are checked. After checking the concentricity, if necessary, an adjustment is carried out s mutual position of the part 6 and the mandrel 1.

When operating a machine, such as a lathe, a rotating part 6, such as a spindle, is loaded by varying forces in magnitude and direction, it is affected by thermal and elastic deformations, deformations due to the imbalance of the part 6, the axis of errors in the rotation drive and other causes. As a result of these external and internal perturbing factors, both static and dynamic deformations occur in the rotating hollow part 6, the angular rotations of its sections, which directly affects the output parameters of the maschine, for example, the accuracy of the lathe. The linear displacements of the rotating hollow part 6 with respect to the fixed, mounted on independent supports 2 (and, or) 3 mandrels 1 are recorded in sections of the rotating part with 6 groups of sensors 4 and a sensor 12 registering the axial displacement of the part 6. Signals from groups of sensors of 4 each communication lines 8 are fed to a transfer-transforming device 9, to a block of 10 filters, to you

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numeral unit 11, which, depending on the magnitude and sign of the signals from each of the two sensors installed in this section of part 6, calculates the position of the axis of the rotating part 6 relative to the mandrel 1. The difference of axial displacements of the mandrel 1 and part 6 in the sections of explosives and CC characterizes the angles of rotation of the front end of the rotating part in the planes YOZ and XOZ. In the described case, the measurements of the position of the axis of the part 6 in the filter unit 10 use a band-pass filter that suppresses the high-frequency components of the oscillations of the part 6 relative to the mandrel 1. Therefore, the positions of sections CC, BB, DD, EE calculated by block 11 will characterize the average static movements of the sections of part 6 relative to its original position. In addition to static displacements, the position of the part 6 in space will be characterized by high-frequency oscillations relative to some average static displacement from the section of the part 6. High-frequency oscillations of the rotating hollow part 6 relative to the average static displacement are measured when the corresponding electric bandpass filter is turned on in the filter unit 10. The alternate switching on of the band-pass electrical filters of unit 10 makes it possible to divide the broadband spectrum of the radial oscillations of part 6 over the ranges of vibration frequencies and determine the amplitude of oscillations of the corresponding section of hollow part 6 (SS, BB, etc.) along the X and Y coordinates, as well as the total amplitude oscillations in the selected frequency band in the selected section of the hollow part 6.

The use of the proposed device for controlling the accuracy of rotation of hollow parts, for example, chucks of machine-cutting machines, allows testing during normal production.

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operation of the machine, such as a cutting machine. The device allows you to control, measure not only static displacements of arbitrary sections of a rotating hollow part, but also measure the amplitudes of oscillations of a hollow part at different frequencies, determine the direction of the amplitudes of oscillations by almost the cross-section angle of the part. any section of the rotating hollow part. The linear displacement sensors mounted on the mandrel are protected from external influences by a rotating hollow part, which significantly increases the functional and parametric reliability of the device. The proposed device, in addition, can serve as a source of constant diagnostic information about the operation of the machine, without disturbing the normal conditions of its operation.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A device for monitoring the accuracy of rotation of hollow parts, containing linear displacement sensors mounted on a holder and connected to a measuring circuit containing a transmission-transforming unit, characterized in that, in order to increase the accuracy of control and expansion of technological capabilities, the holder is designed as a mandrel on which linear displacement sensors are arranged in groups of two sensors in one section, perpendicular to the axis of the holder, with 0 sensors displaced relative to each other by an angle in the range of 10-170 One of the groups is located in the section of the front supports of the hollow part, the other is located at the front end of the hollow part, and the measuring circuit is equipped with a series-connected bandpass filter unit and a subtraction unit, while the output of the transfer transformer unit is connected to the input of the bandpass filter unit . 0 five 1RG.2 Have X U ig l And y / Have X Y