SU1405897A1 - Separator for cleaning seeds from impurities - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to agriculture. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of separation by controlling the frequency and amplitude of oscillations directly in the separation process. Under the funnel 15, on a vertical shaft (B) 4 of rotation, a conical friction surface (FP) 1 is installed with windows 17, 18 of separation of the separation products into receivers 19, 20. Vibro-exciter 2 FP 1 is made in the form of a gear transmission containing a spring-loaded housing 5 with it has a tapered drive wheel (K) 6 coaxially wavy around the circumference and driven gear K 7. At the same time, KB is rigidly fixed on B 4 and K 7 is coaxially mounted over K 6 with the possibility of rotation and translational movement relative to B 4. One with another KB and 7 interact h Through an intermediate gear K 8. The support of the latter is made in the form of an axis 9, installed between K 6 and 7 radially with respect to B 4, with the possibility of rotation around B 4 and longitudinal movement along it and associated with wall 12. At the same time K 8 mounted coaxially on axis 9 with the possibility of rotation around it, perpendicular to Kb and 7. The carrier 12 engages with the screw 14 by means of the worm gear 13. To change the am.- oscillations of the AF 1, turn the screw 14 and rotate the wheel 13 drove 12 to the desired angle, with wavy surfaces KB and 7 are shifted in phase, providing a change in the amplitude of the K 6 and FP 1 displacement. 3 Il. "E (L

Description

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The invention relates to agriculture and can be used to separate mixtures with different physicomechanical properties of the components. I The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of separation I by controlling the frequency and: the amplitude of oscillations directly in the separation process.

FIG. 1 shows a separator diagram; in fig. 2 - the position of the wheels at the maximum amplitude; in fig. 3 - the same, with an amplitude equal to zero.

The separator for cleaning seeds from impurities includes a friction surface 1 made in the form of a conical funnel facing downward with a smaller base, an exciter 2 of this surface and an electric motor connected with a V-belt drive 3 with the shaft 4 of rotation. The vibration exciter 2 is designed as a gear for converting rotary motion into a cyclic helical and contains a spring-loaded housing 5, coaxial conical driving and driven gears 6 and 7 arranged therein, the teeth of which are cut into wavy conical initial surfaces along their circumferences. The wheel 6 is rigidly fixed on the shaft 4, and the wheel 7 is coaxially mounted over the wheel 6 in the supports of the housing 5 and has the ability to rotate and translate relative to this shaft - Gears 6 and 7 interact with each other through an intermediate gear wheel 8, axis 9 which is located in the slider 10 mounted on the axle support 9 of the rectilinear guide 11 of the carrier 12 with the possibility of translational movement along the axis of the shaft 4 and rotation around the shaft. The carrier 12, using a fixed worm gear 13, which engages with the screw 14, can be rotated around the axis of the shaft 4 and be fixed in any position due to the fact that the screw is self-braking. In this case, if the shape of the wavy surface of the wheel 7 allows the gear wheel 8 to move along the axis of the shaft 4, and the shape of the wavy starting surface of the wheel 6 provides 4, and the wheel 8 is mounted on the axis 9 rotatably around it, perpendicular to the wheels 6 and 7.

A separator for cleaning seeds from impurities works as follows.

The tool 15 feeds the material to be processed on the friction surface 1. When the electric motor is turned on, the friction surface 1, as a result of the interaction of the gear wheels 6, 7 and 8, receives a cyclic screw movement. Under the action of inertial forces arising during oscillatory motion, friction forces and centrifugal forces caused by rotational motion, the particles are rougher, for example, buckwheat seeds move upwards and through the windows 17 fall into the receivers 19, which lead to the separator. The particles are smoother and more rounded, for example, radish seeds, roll down and through the windows 18 and the receivers 20 are also disengaged from the separator.

The amplitude of the axial oscillation of the friction surface 1 can be adjusted directly on the move. To do this, use the knob to turn the worm to 14 and rotate

25 a worm gear 13 and a carrier 12 connected with it at a required angle (FIGS. 2, 3).

As a result of adjustment, the ridges and troughs of the wavy initial surfaces of the wheels 6 and 7 are shifted in phase by the required angle, which provides a change in the amplitude of cyclic axial movement of the wheel 6 and the friction surface 1. To change the frequency of the axial oscillatory motion, the rotation 14 must be reported.

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Claims (1)

Invention Formula Separator for cleaning seeds from impurities, including a loading device, a conical gear Q mounted below the friction surface on the vertical shaft of rotation, receivers of separation products and vibration exciter of a directional friction surface, characterized in that in order to improve the quality of separation by controlling it axial movement relative to 45 totoy and the amplitude of oscillations of the direct wheel 8, then the total displacement of the wheel 6 takes place and the friction surface 1 relates flax body 5 occurs dependence. In the course of separation, the vibration exciter is made in the form of a gear train consisting of conical driving, driven and intermediate wheels, the intermediate wheel support and the carrier, the driving and driven wheels are mounted coaxially on the shaft of rotation one above the other, the driving wheel is rigidly connected shaft of rotation, the driven wheel - with the possibility of rotation around this shaft and longitudinal movement along it, while the driving and driven wheels are made wavy around the circumference, the support of the intermediate wheel is connected with the carrier and on as axis, set A loading device in the form of a funnel 15, under which the guide cone 16 is located, is installed above the friction surface. The separation products are discharged through windows 17 and 18, made in the friction surface, and enter the corresponding receivers 19 and 20 of the separation products. The axle is mounted between wheels 6 and 7 radially with respect to shaft 4, with wheel 8 mounted on axis 9 rotatably around it, perpendicular to wheels 6 and 7. A separator for cleaning seeds from impurities works as follows. The tool 15 feeds the material to be processed on the friction surface 1. When the electric motor is turned on, the friction surface 1, as a result of the interaction of the gears 6, 7 and 8, receives a cyclic screw movement. Under the action of inertial forces arising during oscillatory motion, friction forces and centrifugal forces caused by rotational motion, the particles are rougher, for example the seeds of buckwheat move upwards and through the windows 17 fall into the receivers 19, which lead to the outside of the separator. The particles are smoother and more rounded, for example, radish seeds, roll down and through the windows 18 and the receivers 20 also lead out of the separator. The amplitude of the axial oscillation of the friction surface 1 can be adjusted directly on the move. To do this, use the knob to turn the worm to 14 and rotate 5 a worm gear 13 and a carrier 12 connected with it at a required angle (FIGS. 2, 3). As a result of adjustment, the ridges and troughs of the wavy initial surfaces of the wheels 6 and 7 are shifted in phase by the required angle, which provides a change in the amplitude of cyclic axial movement of the wheel 6 and the friction surface 1. To change the frequency of the axial oscillatory motion, the rotation 14 must be reported. 35 Invention Formula  45 toto and amplitude of oscillations directly 50 55 In the course of separation, the vibration exciter is made in the form of a gear train consisting of conical driving, driven and intermediate wheels, the intermediate wheel support and the carrier, the driving and driven wheels are mounted coaxially on the shaft of rotation one above the other, the driving wheel is rigidly connected shaft of rotation, the driven wheel - with the possibility of rotation around this shaft and longitudinal movement along it, while the driving and driven wheels are made wavy around the circumference, the support of the intermediate wheel is connected with the carrier and on as axis, set between the driving and driven wheels radially with respect to the shaft of rotation with the possibility of rotation around it and longitudinal movement along it, the intermediate wheel being coaxially mounted on this axis with the possibility of rotation around it, perpendicular to the driving and driven wheels. //// L /