SU1403041A1 - Pulsed stabilizer of different-polarity d.c. voltage converter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in various electronic devices with differential load, requiring two different polarity power sources with a common bus. The purpose of the invention is to increase reliability by providing protection against overcurrent. The device contains two transistor switches, two forming circuits, a recharge capacitor, two switching diodes, two current-limiting chokes, two sensitive elements, two sources of reference voltage, two comparators, two summing elements, and a controlled oscillator, three voltage divider, two switching transistors, a switching transistor, an adder, two switching diodes, a generator, a Zener diode, a protective diode, a sensitive transistor, an amplifying transistor and two limiting resistors with corresponding relevant communications. Pulse control of transistor switches provides alternate charging of storage capacitors to stabilization levels with a high switching frequency. 1 nl € (L

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in various electronic devices with a differential load, requiring two different polarity power sources with a common bus, in particular, developed using integrated operational amplifiers and some types of microprocessors.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the reliability of the stabilizer by providing protection against overcurrent,

The drawing shows a circuit diagram of the proposed stabilizer.

The stabilizer contains a first transistor switch 1, which is connected by a collector to the input of the first forming circuit 2, consisting of throttles 3 and a series-connected diode 4 and a storage capacitor 5, which is connected to the output of the first forming circuit 2. The cathode of diode 4 is a positive output stabilizer. Conclusion throttle 3 is connected to the collector of the first transistor switch 1, the emitter of which is connected to a common bus stabilizer. Series-connected recharge capacitor 6 and the first switching diode 7 are connected in parallel to the first transistor switch 1. The cathode of the first switching diode 7 is connected to a common stabilizer bus, and the anode is connected to the cathode of the diode 8 of the second forming circuit 9, the anode of the diode 8 is connected to the output of the second forming circuit 9, in parallel with which the storage capacitor 10 is connected, the Second transistor switch 11 is connected to the input of a pulse stabilizer by the collector, and to the input of a current-limiting droplet 12 and the cathode a second by an emitter switching diode 13, the anode of which is connected to the anode of the first switching diode 7. The output of the current-limiting droplet 12 is connected to the collector of the first transistor switch 1. The inputs of the transistor switches 1 and P are connected to the outputs of matching amplifiers 14 and 15 Lines and two sensing elements 18 and 19 are connected in pairs in series and parallel to the outputs of the pulse stabilizer. Their common points are connected to the common bus of the stabilizer. Outputs sensing

0 5 0 5 0 d

0

The elements 18 and 19 and the sources 16 and 17 of the reference voltage are connected to the inputs of the comparators 22 and 23, respectively, through the corresponding summing devices 20 and 21. The inputs of the generator 24 are connected to the input of the pulse stabilizer, and the outputs to the anode of the first switching diode 25, the cathode of which is connected to the cathode of the second switching diode 26, the anode of the diode 26 is connected to the positive output of the stabilizer, the cathodes of switching diodes 25 and 26 are connected to one of the the inputs of the controlled oscillator 27, its two other inputs are connected to the switching collectors, their transistors 28 and 29, the emitters of which are connected to the common bus of the stabilizer. The outputs of the controlled generator 27 are connected to the inputs of the corresponding matching devices 14 and 15. The inputs of the first 28 and. The second 29 switching transistors are connected to the outputs of the voltage dividers 30 and 31, respectively, connected between the cathodes of the switching diodes 25 and 26 and the common stabilizer bus. The input of the first switching transistor 28 is connected to the output of the comparator 23. Parallel to the input of the second switchable transistor 29, a switching transistor 32 is connected, connected to the common stabilizer bus by an emitter, and the input connected to the output

adder 33. The first input of adder 33 is connected to the output of the first comparator 22, and the second input through the first limiting resistor 34 is connected to the collector of the amplifying transistor 35. The emitter of the amplifying transistor 35 is connected to the input of the first forming circuit 2, and the base to the input of the third divider 36 between the emitter of the amplifier transistor 35 and the collector of the sensitive transistor 37 ,. Parallel to the input of the sensitive transistor, a protective diode 38 is connected, the anode of which is connected to the emitter of the sensitive transistor 37 and through the second limiting resistor 39 is connected to the common point of diode 4 and the storage capacitor 5 of the first forming circuit 2, the base of the sensitive transistor 37 is connected to the anode of the Zener diode 40, the cathode of which connected to the collector of the first transistor switch I,

ten

the capacitor 6 and the storage capacitor 5 does not exceed 1.5-2 V, and the circuit is protected against overload and short-circuit does not work. The controlled oscillator 27, through matching amplifiers 14 and 15, switches the transistor switches I and II.

The charge accumulated on the recharged capacitor 6 with the open transistor switch I1 and the closed transistor switch I, at the time of opening the transistor switch I and locking the transistor switch I1 through

Pulse stabilizer works as follows.

The output voltages are stabilized by pulsing transistor switches I and 11, which alternately charge storage capacitors 5 and 10 to stabilization levels. Let at the first moment transistor switch 1 is closed and transistor II is open. The current from the input network through the open transistor switch I1, the windings of the first 12 and second 3 current-limiting chokes, as well as the diode 4 of the first form-15 open transistor switch 1, the common circuit 2, charges the capacitance of the bus capacitor 0 and the storage capacitor 5 up to the level of diode 8 of the second forming circuit 9n stabilization. The charge goes over to the plates of the storage capacitor 6 through the transistor switch 11, the current limiting choke 1 2 and the first switching diode to a level 1.5-2 V higher than uro Shade charge storage capacitor. Voltage from storage capacitor 5 in nominal mode of operation through switching diode 26, is supplied to controlled generator 27 "During the output to nominal mode of operation at switching on and during short circuit through the positive output, the supply voltage is lower than the output by 2-3 V , comes from the output of the generator 24 through the switching diode 25. After the exit, the nominal mode of operation and in the case of the disappearance of a short circuit on the positive output of the stabilizer, the power of the controlled generator is supplied from the output This voltage unlocks the switching from the generator output is turned off, the transistor 32, which in its turn (additional generator inputs 24 turn, shunt the input of the second can be used for the switching transistor 29, locking the supply of transistor collectors. The control generator 27 of the translations of the matching terminals 14 and 15 45 of the transistor switch I to the open to increase the efficiency of the device). In time, and the transistor switch of the 1st output to the nominal mode is closed. As a result, the voltage of the voltage from the outputs of the first 30 and the output of the storage condensate and the second 31 voltage dividers, R Yu also reaches the level of the stabilizer, opens the first 28 and the second 29 over-50 This voltage is measured by sensory transistors element 19 is compared with the assigned voltage of the source 17 of the base of the controlled oscillator 27, but the voltage on the inputs is summed and the generator 27 provides for this unit 21. The control s tranzistorny- 55 tyvanio comparator 23, kotorsh po- E 1.I keys 11 to output pulsed negative part gives a voltage stabilizer Nogo mode stabilization in the storage capacitor 10 zatsyi output voltages. The difference is the output of the first voltage divider 30, between the levels of charge of the recharge battery connected to the input of the first voltage capacitor 10, Energy, accumulated

20 Lenna in the current-limiting choke 12, partially provides for the charging of the recharged capacitor 6 through the second switching diode 13 and the storage capacitor 10.

25 After several tens of cycles, the voltage at the output of the storage capacitor 5 reaches the stabilization level. This voltage is measured by sensing element 18, compared with the voltage of source 16 of the reference voltage. The difference of these voltages from the output of summing device 20 is fed to the input of comparator 22, is amplified and provides a forced switching

the controlled oscillator 27 by applying a positive signal from the output of the comparator 22 through the adder 33 to the input of the switching transistor 32.

0

the capacitor 6 and the storage capacitor 5 does not exceed 1.5-2 V, and the circuit is protected against overload and short-circuit does not work. The controlled oscillator 27, through matching amplifiers 14 and 15, switches the transistor switches I and II.

The charge accumulated on the recharged capacitor 6 with the open transistor switch I1 and the closed transistor switch I, at the time of opening the transistor switch I and locking the transistor switch I1 through

5, the open transistor switch 1, the common bus, the storage capacitor 0 and the diode 8 of the second forming circuit 9 flows over the plates of the storage switch- 0 This voltage unlocks the switching transistor 32, which in turn, shunt the input of the second switching transistor 29, locks him. The control generator 27 translates the transistor switch I to the open state, and the transistor switch 1 to the closed state. As a result, the voltage at the output of the storage condensate P o also reaches the stabilization level. This voltage is measured by the sensing element 19, and is compared with the voltage of the source 17 of the reference voltage at the inputs of the total current device 21. the compiler 23, which supplies part of the negative voltage of the storage capacitor 10 to the output of the first voltage divider 30 connected to the input of the first open transistor switch 1, common bus, storage capacitor 0 and diode 8 of the second form uyuschey circuit 9 flows to the electrode nakopitelno- This voltage unlocks commuting conductive transistor 32, which in turn shunts the input to the second transistor 29 be switched, locks it. The control generator 27 has a transistor switch I to the open state, and a transistor switch 1 to the closed state. As a result, the voltage of the output of the storage condensate P o also reaches the stabilization level. This voltage is measured by the sensing element 19, compared with the voltage of the source 17 of the reference voltage at the inputs of the total current device 21. - draining of comparator 23, which receives part of the negative voltage of the storage capacitor 10 at the output of the first voltage divider 30 connected to the input of the first interconnection capacitor 10, Energy, accumulation

Lenna in the current-limiting choke 12, partially provides a charge of the recharged capacitor 6 through the second switching diode 13 and the storage capacitor 10.

After several tens of cycles, the voltage at the output of the storage capacitor 5 reaches the stabilization level. This voltage is measured by the sensing element 18, compared with the voltage of the source 16 of the reference voltage. The difference of these voltages from the output of summing device 20 is fed to the input of comparator 22, is amplified and provides forced switching

controlled oscillator 27 by applying a positive signal from the output of the comparator 22 through the adder 33 to the input of the switching transistor 32.

5140

switching transistor 28, The potential of this point becomes negative relative to the common bus stabilizer. The primary switching transistor 28 is locked and the controlled oscillator 27 is switched, which, in turn, switches transistor switches 1 and II through matching amplifiers 14 and 15. The transistor switch 1t is opened, and transistor switch I is closed. Then the cycle of operation repeats: If a short circuit occurs: in the nominal operating mode, the positive polarity I output leads to a fast discharge of the storage capacitor 5. So, a short circuit Increases exponentially (not many times) due to the presence of - I pi its action is two chokes 3 and | 12, i.e. the voltage on the recharge by the bottom I capacitor decreases significantly I slower. Due to the rapid increase in the voltage difference across the recharge battery I capacitor 6 and the storage capacitor 5, the I sensitive transistor 37 opens, since the difference between the indicated stresses becomes higher than the stabilization of the throne stabilizer 40. The sensing transistor 37 This causes the unlocking of the amplifying transistor 35 of the Nistor 35, which, in turn, through the first limiting resistor 34 and the adder 33 causes the unlocking of the switching transistor 32. The IC switching transistor 32, working It locks the second switching transistor 29, the controlled oscillator 27 switches to a new stable position, which ensures the locking of the previously open transistor switch 1 and the unlocking of the transistor switch 1. The short-circuit protection circuit operates fairly quickly and the short-circuit current does not have time exceed the rated load current by 15-20% and does not cause the cores of the first 12 and second 3 current-limiting chokes to cross. At this time, the controlled generator 27 is powered from the output of the generator 24 through the switching diode 25. After locking the transistor switch 11 and unlocking the transistor switch 1, the core of the throttle 3 is partially demagnetized by short current

Q c 0 5 JQ l 55

five

45

50

short circuit through the open transistor switch 1 and diode 4; At the same time, the accumulated in it electric energy is dissipated and it is prepared for the next cycle of operation. The second limiter resistor 39 serves to limit the current through the sensitive transistor 37. Together with the fall of the voltage level on the storage capacitor 5, the level of the voltage and overcharging the capacitor 6 is somewhat reduced, and it is not enough to bring the voltage on the storage capacitor 10 to stabilization level. The controlled oscillator is no longer being switched by the comparator 23, but in a natural way, since the first 28 and second 29 switching transistors are open by voltage from the first 30 and second 31 voltage dividers and do not affect the operation of the controlled oscillator 27. When a short circuit occurs on both outputs, the essence of the circuit protection operation against short circuits does not actually change, except that the recharge capacitor is discharged to a lower level. After the disappearance of the short silence, the pulse stabilizer circuit self-repairs and continues normal operation in nominal mode.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A pulsed constant-voltage voltage regulator, containing a first transistor switch, whose collector is connected to the input of the first forming circuit, consisting of droplets and a series-connected diode and a storage capacitor, which is connected in parallel with the output of the first forming circuit, and the cathode of the diode is positive output output, the output of the throttle is connected to the collector of the first transistor switch, the emitter of which is connected to a common length, connected in series nsator and the first switching diode is connected parallel to the first transistor switch, the cathode of the first switching diode is connected to the common bus, and an anode - a cathode of the second diode forming a circuit which anode is connected to the output the second forming circuit, in parallel with which the storage capacitor is connected, the second transistor switch, the collector of which is connected to the input terminal, and the emitter is connected to the input of the current limiting throttle and the cathode of the second switching diode, the anode of which is connected to the anode of the first switching diode; a transistor switch, the control inputs of the transistor switches are respectively connected to the outputs of the matching amplifiers, two sources of reference voltage and two sensing elements are connected in pairs in series and parallel to the output terminals, and their common points are connected to the common bus, the outputs of the sensing elements and sources of reference voltage through the respective first and second adders are connected respectively to the inputs of the first and second comparators, controlled generator, first and second the inputs of which are connected to collectors, switching transistors, the emitters of which are connected common busbars, control outputs, interconnected between the emitter effort An emitter with a common bus, which is characterized by the fact that, in order to increase reliability by providing overcurrent protection, a third adder, two switching diodes, a generator, a zener diode, a protective diode, a sensitive transistor, an amplifying transistor, two a limiting resistor and a third voltage divider, the generator inputs being connected to the input terminals, and to the anode of the first switching diode, the cathode of which is connected to the cathode of the second switching diode connected by the anode to the positive the output terminal, the cathodes of the switching diodes are connected to the second inputs of the first and second voltage dividers and to the third input of the controlled oscillator, the first input of the third accumulator is connected to the output of the first comparator, and the second input through the first limiting resistor is connected to the collector of the amplifying transistor whose emitter is connected to the input of the first forming circuit, and the base to the output of the third voltage divider. The generator is connected to the inputs of the corresponding matching amplifiers, the bases of the switching transistors are connected to the outputs of the first and second voltage dividers, the first inputs of which are connected to the common bus, while the base of the first switching transistor is connected to the output of the second comparator, and in parallel the base the emitter junction of the switching transistor is switched on by a switching transistor, a connecting transistor and a collector of a sensitive transistor whose emitter is connected to the anode protective diode, the cathode of which is connected to the base of the sensitive transistor and through the zener diode to the collector of the first transistor switch, in addition, the anode of the protective diode is connected to the common point of the diode and storage capacitor of the first forming circuit through the second limiting resistor.