SU1402370A1 - Apparatus for granulating materials in fluidized bed - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention can be used in the manufacture of filter materials for water purification, as well as in the chemical industry and industrial materials. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the dust content in the exhaust gases. The apparatus comprises a housing 1, a partition 2, a separating apparatus for a granulation chamber 3 and a firing chamber 4, a lid 5, a bottom 6, a nozzle 7, a pipeline 8 for supplying slurry and air, a gas distribution grid 9 of a stepped shape in the form of annular steps, hereditary pipe 10 of conical shape gi (L

Description

for removing granules from the granulation chamber into the firing chamber, throttling device 11 for controlling the flow of gases passing through the pipe from the firing chamber, gas distribution grid 13 of the firing chamber, annular air duct 14, insert 15 for evacuating gases at the fluidized bed level, annular air duct 16 with openings 17 and 18, annular air duct 19 from the seawater rp ZO, into the windings 21,22,24 and 28 for supplying the high-temperature heat carrier to the firing chamber, hot air supply, exhaust heat carrier, pipe 29 for exhausting ruzki granulated material from the firing chamber and the partition 33 in the firing chamber to stabilize the height of the layer in the chamber,

1 W1.

I The invention relates to the technique.

granulating slurries and solutions in a fluidized bed and can be used to make filtering materials for water purification, as well as in the chemical industry and the building materials industry,

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the dust content in the exhaust gases.

The drawing shows schematically I the proposed device, vertical j section.

The device comprises a vertical cylindrical body 1, a flat horizontal horizontal partition 2, dividing the device into the granulation chamber 3 and the firing chamber 4, the conical ball 5, the bottom 6, the nozzle 7 for spraying the suspension, the pipeline 8 for supplying suspended air and air nozzle 7, gas-distributing grate I 9 stage I form in the form of annular steps with

rise to the inner surface

the device housing, a flow-through tube 10 of conical shape for removal of granules from the granulation chamber 3 to the chamber

4 firing of the installed fraction, throttling device (shutter) 11 with the steering wheel 12 for controlling the flow of gases passing through the overflow pipe 10 into the granulation chamber 3, the gas distribution flat grid 13 of the firing chamber, the annular collector 14, rigidly connected to the housing of the device 1, located the outer side of the housing 1 and communicating with the inner cavity of the granulation chamber by means of the insert 15, pacno-j

five

0

„

Q

0 5 0

five

the top of the fluidized bed. The insert 15 is made in the form of truncated cones connected by smaller bases, the upper base of which is fixed on the inner cylindrical wall of the housing, and the lower base is located with a gap relative to the indicated wall. The annular duct 16 is rigidly connected to the housing 4, is located on the outer side of the housing 1 and communicates with the sublattice space of the granulation chamber 3 and the firing chamber 4 through the openings 17 and 18 with the grids. The annular duct 19 is rigidly connected to the housing 1, is located on the outside of the housing 1 and communicates with the sub-grid space of the firing chamber 3 through the holes 20. The duct 21 is connected to the housing for supplying a high-temperature liquefying agent, duct-22 to the cold air supply 23 for control of granulation temperature in a fluidized bed, air ducts 24 with gates 25 for removal of spent fluidizing agent, gates 26 and 27 for controlling the flow rate of spent fluidizing agent in the spray zone a granulation chamber; a duct 28 for withdrawing the spent fluidizing agent; a conduit 29 with a shutter 30 for unloading the granulated material from the calcining chamber.

The device works as follows.

Through the duct 21, a high-temperature fluidizing agent enters the sub-grid space of the firing chamber.

14

Passing the gas distribution grid 13 and the granulated material, the fluidizing agent through the holes 18 enters the annular duct 16 and further through the holes 17 of the sublattice space of the granulation chamber 3 and through the lattice 9 into the granulation chamber 3. Then, the liquefying agent through the annular gap between the inner surface of the apparatus body and the confuser wall and the holes in the housing enters the annular manifold 14 and further along the air ducts 24 into the duct 28. The gates 11.23 and 30 are closed for the warm-up time.

After the granulation and firing chambers are heated, the pipeline 8 supplies air to the nozzle 7 and through the air ducts 22 - cold air to the sublattice space of the granulation chamber. Then the throttling device 11 of the overflow pipe 10 is opened with the help of the steering wheel 12, Dale establishes the hydrodynamic and thermal conditions of the granulation and calcination processes of the granulated material, as well as the hydrodynamic and thermal conditions of the nodding zone of the granulation chamber 3 and the overflow pipe 10 by controlling the flow of heat carrier (fluidizing) agent) valves 11.25-27.

Then through pipeline 8, a clay suspension is fed under pressure to nozzle 7. Under the action of the squirting agent (air), the suspension clay is sprayed into the counter-flow of thermal agent onto the surface of the fluidized bed granules. As a result of the heat treatment of the sprayed clay suspension, fine particles are formed, which will be suspended at the top of the insert 15 o. As the particles grow, the latter will flow to the lower part of the granulation chamber, in which the granules will continue to grow to a certain size. The size of the granules will be determined by the flow rate of the gas entering the overflow pipe 10. The flow rate is set by the throttling device 11. After a certain mass is reached, the granules will flow through the overflow pipe into the chamber for subsequent calcining. After the compression, the granules are discharged from the device 29 )

However, open 1) 1-gate 30 or through the central discharge pipe 31 with shutter 32. The height of the layer in the chamber is controlled by the partition 33.

In the proposed apparatus for the manufacture of a filtering material in a fluidized bed, granulation is carried out at 400-700 ° C, and the firing of the granulated material is at 900-950 ° C. The heat transfer medium coming after the firing chamber is used to granulate the material. The granulation temperature of the material is reduced by adding cold air to the high-temperature coolant. The granules are classified by means of a conical shaped overflow pipe with a throttling device for controlling the flow of heat-transfer fluid coming from the firing chamber into the pipe. The size of the granules in the chambers will be determined by the classification capacity of the overflow pipe, while maintaining a certain particle size distribution of the material, and thereby ensuring a stable operation of the apparatus.

The movement of the granulated material in the granulation chamber is carried out at the walls upwards, and in the center - downwards towards the overflow. the pipe. This is provided by the shape of the gas distribution grid. In this case, no stagnant zones are formed, the material layer is well mixed and favorable conditions are created for the material to flow into the firing chamber,

The reduction of the ablation of the material with the spent fluidizing agent is achieved by diverting a portion of the coolant flow through an insert located between the material's diffusion zone and the granulation zone at the level of the fluidized bed. Reducing the flow rate in the atomization zone allows reducing the material entrainment in the form of dust and reducing the temperature of the heat transfer medium in the atomisation zone. 1L. The latter circumstance has a positive effect on the operation of the nozzle.

Through the annular gap between the inner surface of the apparatus and. The surface of the coifuser is slightly offended. This is ensured by the central area of the granulation zone, in which the drying of the pollinated granules takes place and their growth

The use of the invention regarding the comparison with c.yiirecTByioi4H№ apparatus will reduce material losses due to the folding of the pulsator with the refractory tamper carrier, saving on (the material that was used for sieving and producing regulated granulometry). Formula and 3 about b ete e and T1

Apparatus for granulating materials with a fluidized bed, a vertical spraying valve and a cylindrical Kopiiyc with: Means for entering heat carrier in the lower part and a pipe for discharging waste; heat carrier in the upper part installed in the gas housing: distribution grid and nozzle

long spraying the solution or suspension, characterized in THAT} in order to reduce the dust content in the exhaust gases, it further comprises an insert made in the form of truncated cones connected by smaller bases, the upper base of which is fixed on the inner cylinder

body wall, and the bottom

the base is located with a gap relative to the specified wall, and an annular collector J located outside the housing and connected through

the throttle to the pipe for removal of the spent coolant and through holes made in the body of the body with nets - to the annular chamber formed between the body and the insert.

Claims (1)

Claim A device for granulating fluidized-bed material carriers, including a vertical cylindrical body with (means for introducing a heat carrier in the ₃ lower parts and a pipe for removing the spent heat carrier in the upper part (parts installed in the body of a gas distribution grid and nozzle for spraying a solution or suspension, characterized in that that, in order to reduce the dust content in the exhaust gases, it additionally contains an insert made in the form of truncated cones connected by smaller bases, the upper base of which strengthened but on the inner cylindrical wall of the casing, and the lower base is located with a gap relative to the specified wall, and an annular collector located outside the casing and connected through a throttle to the pipe to remove the waste coolant and through openings with grids made in the casing wall to the annular chamber formed between the body and the insert.