SU1399609A1 - Heliostat - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention makes it possible to increase the accuracy of the azimuthal zenith tracking of the heliostat at the position of the Sun by completely eliminating the influence of the cross effect. A two-coordinate sensor 6 with a diaphragm opening 7 of a cruciform shape, optically coupled to a retroreflector (CB) 4 and having pairwise diametrically arranged photoconverters, is installed on the back side of the mirror 2, the Two-coordinate rotary mechanism 1 is designed as a cardan. The second flat reflector CB 4 is located on the vertical axis of symmetry of the mirror. Sensor 6 is fixed on the fixed part of the cardan. Each phototransducer is made in the form of two photocells (PV) installed at the same distance from the corresponding. planes c {{etipi holes 7, moreover, PE located on one side of each symmetry PLANE are electrically connected to each other according to parallel, and with PE located on the other side, opposite to each other when POM1TSI load resistance. The balancing of the mirror, CB 4, mechanism 1, and the FE provides complete elimination of the generation of FALSE control signals for the orientation of the heliostat, which increases the efficiency of tower-type installations. 8 IL. CO so about a about so

Description

The invention relates to solar technology, in particular to heliostats.

The aim of the invention is to improve the accuracy of the azimuthally zenithal tracking of the heliostat over the position of the sun by completely eliminating the influence of the cross effect,

FIG. 1 shows the structural scheme of the proposed heliostat; FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of an element of its retro-reflector, FIG. 3, the structure of a two-coordinate heliostat sensor; in fig. 4 - structures of the rotary mechanism of the heliostat; in fig. 5 - an improved design of a heliostat reflector; in fig. 6 - the shape of the diaphragm: a sensor that pervades the aperture; in fig. 7 shows the construction and arrangement of the sensor photoconverters in FIG. 8; an electrical circuit for connecting the sensor photoconverters

Heliostat contains dvuhogordinat,

nodal slewing mechanism 1 (Fig. 1), a mirror 2 fixed on it with a central hole 3 in which a retro-reflector 4 in the form of a flat reflector 5 (Fig. 2) is installed. perpendicular to the plane of the mirror 2 (Fig. 1) along its horizontal axis of symmetry, and the two-coordinate sensor 6 (Fig. 3)

with diaphragm hole

mounted on the back side of the mirror 2 (FIG. 1), optically coupled to the retroreflector 4 and having pairwise diametrically located photoconverters 8 (FIG. 3) j electrically interconnected.

The rotary support mechanism 1 (Fig. 1) is made in the form of a cardan 9 (Fig 4), a retroreflector 4 (Fig L is equipped with a second flat reflector 10 (Fig 5) 5 located on the vertical axis of symmetry of the mirror 2 (Fig. 4 ), the sensor 6 (FIG. 1) is fixed on the fixed part of the cardan 9, its diaphragm opening 7 (FIG. 3) has a cruciform shape (Cp, 6} a- each phototransducer 8 (Fig. 3) is made in the form of two photo cells P and 12 (Fig. 7). Installed at a distance of from the corresponding aperture plane of the diaphragm fouchet about the hole 7 (Fig, 6) and olems nt 11. located on o; n side of the plane of symmetry, electric (-soeo

five

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five

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The dinenes are parallel to each other, and from the photocell 12, located on the other side, counter-sequentially by means of a load resistance 13 (Fig. 8).

The heliostat is designed for a tower solar station 14 (FIG. 1). The reflector 4 for the heliostat can be glued from thin glass mirrors or made of polished metal plates, such as stainless steel. Each tracking channel also contains a differential amplifier 15 (FIG. 8) and an output driver 16. As photo cells 11 and 12, it is advisable to use silicon photodiodes. The photo sensor 6 (FIG. 7) has a central photocell 17 for generating a signal about the loss of the tracking object. In the optical path of the sensor 6 (FIG. 3) a light filter and a reflector (not shown) can be used. Cardan 9 (Fig. 4) has a concrete foundation 18 and an axis 19, made in the form of a semicircular rail.

Mirror 2 has a round shape, is made of film and is fixed on the spokes 20 and hoops 21, Rolling mirror 2 is carried out with the help of: and rollers 22. Foundation 18 is made in hexagonal shape, and the size of mirror 2 is determined by the diameter inserted into the hexagon

circumference, i.

Heliostat works as follows.

The heliostat is adjusted to the position of the Sun, in which the directions of the radiation incident on the heliostat and the radiation reflected by it coincide.

By adjusting the retroreflector 4 (Fig. 1) and the load resistance 13 (Fig. 8), the output signals from the sensor 6 are absent.

The setting of the heliostat is also checked when the Sun is in position when the mirror 2 (FIG. 1) is horizontal. In this case, the signal from sensor 6 in the azimuthal tracking channel should be absent. In the remaining positions and x of the Sun returned by flat reflectors 5 and 10 (FIG. -, 5) solar radiation flux through a cross-shaped diaphragm opening 7 (FIG. 6) enters photocells 11 and 12 (FIG. 7), which

The transducer converts this radiation flux into electrical signals in each tracking tap.

Balancing the mirror 2, the retroreflector 4, the turntable 1 and the photo cells 11 and 12 of the sensor 6 in the presence of a cross-shaped diaphragm orifice 7 ensures full success in generating false signals controlling the orientation of the heliostat, which increases the efficiency of tower-type installations.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A heliostat containing a two-coordinate support-turning mechanism, a mirror mounted on it with a central hole in which a retroreflector in the form of a flat reflector located perpendicular to the mirror plane along its horizontal axis of symmetry is installed, and a two-coordinate sensor with a diaphragm opening installed with a three-dimensional side of the mirror optically coupled to the retroreflector and 99609 There are pairwise diametrically located photoconverters electrically interconnected, about 1 L and due to the fact that, in order to improve accuracy by eliminating the cross effect with the zenith-azimuthal Orientash and Heliostat, the 1Q skid is made in the form of a cardan, the retroreflector is provided with a second flat reflector located along the vertical axis of symmetry of the mirror, the sensor is fixed on the fixed part of the card, 15 its diaphragm orifice has a cross-shaped shape, and each The applicant is made in the form of two photocells installed at the same distance from the corresponding plane of symmetry of the diaphragm orifice, and photoelectric cells located on one side of each plane of symmetry are electrically interconnected in parallel-parallel way, and with photoelectric cells arranged along the other side, back-to-back with the help of load resistance. phi.2 Phi one FygM .-- J / ,12 - 12 ten ,one FI.5 a.1 sixteen