SU1395172A1 - Arrangement for mincing plants - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to agricultural machinery. The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of the grinding process. The device is hung on the power tool and comprises a shaper, a pick-up 3, a feeder 4, a combined longitudinal-transverse cutting drum 5 with a shearing plate 6, /. Between the transverse blades 11, longitudinal knives 13 are attached to the side surfaces of the drum rings, each of which has a plate 14 of variable height. The height of the plate 14 decreases as it approaches the cross-cut knife 11. The rear end of the plate 14 is located between the cutting and back edges of the corresponding knife 11. Inside the drum 5 there is a fixed rod 17 having a holder 18 with locking elements 18 in the form of bolts 19. On the holders 18 opposite the counterblade plate 6, a stop plate 20 is fixed. For the passage of the knives 11, slits 21 are made in the plate. The preformed material to be ground is picked up by the pick-up 3 and the feeder 4 is fed to the shear plate 6 and the bar a ban 5, where it is crushed by longitudinal 13 and transverse 11 knives due to longitudinal-transverse cutting of stems with double-sided support. 1 hp f-ly, 4 ill. & (L 00 has eaten and

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, namely, devices for grinding various plants, in particular, cut branches.

The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of the grinding process.

FIG. 1 shows a plant shredder, general view; in fig. 2 shows a combined longitudinal-transverse drum, (view A in FIG. 1); in fig. 3 shows a section BB in FIG. 2; in fig. 4 shows a method for fastening transverse blades.

The plant shredding device is hung on energy means 1 and contains sequentially located shaper 2, picker 3, feeder A, a combined longitudinal-transverse drum 5, having a horizontal axis of rotation, with counter shear plate 6 (Fig. 1). The combined drum 5 of longitudinal-transverse cutting consists of lateral discs 7 with hollow trunnions 8. Between the lateral discs 7, rings 9 are placed at the same distance from each other, the outer diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the lateral discs 7 (Figs. 2, 3).

On the periphery of the side discs 7 and rings 9, cuts are made (Fig. 3) and the edges of the disks 7 and rings 9 in these places are bent to form a platform 10 (Fig. 4). The pads 10, as well as in the side surfaces of the rings 9, have holes for attaching the knives.

The side discs 7 and rings 9 are interconnected by transverse blades 11, mounted along a helical line at an angle to the generator of the cylinder by means of platforms 10 and bolts 12, forming a drum. Between the transverse blades 11, longitudinal knives 13 are attached to the lateral surfaces of the rings 9, a plate 14 of variable height is installed behind each of them. The thickness of the plate 14 is not more than the thickness of the longitudinal knife 13, and the height decreases in the direction opposite to the rotation of the drum towards the subsequent transverse knife 11 located behind the corresponding longitudinal knife 13. The rear end of the plate 14 is located between the cutting and rear edges of the Corresponding cross knife 11 (Fig 3).

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The maximum diameter of the drum 5 of the longitudinal-transverse cutting along the ends of the longitudinal knives 13 is greater than its maximum diameter along the transverse blades 11 by at least the amount of the maximum diameter of the crushed branches (1 / 10-1 / 5 of the diameter at the ends of the transverse knives).

The drum 5 longitudinally transverse cutting with its trunnions 8 is mounted in bearings 15 fixed to the pa-. 16, and provided with a drive (not shown). A fixed rod 17 is mounted inside the drum 5 of longitudinal-transverse cutting, passing through the hollow trunnions 8 and secured at its ends on the frame 16. At least two in the rod 17 (Fig. 3). through transverse holes, in which holders -IB are mounted with locking elements in the form of articles 19. Inside the drum 5 longitudinal-transverse cutting against the shear plate 6 is fixed at the ends of the holders 1B, the stop flap 20. Counter plate 6 is mounted on the frame 16 with the possibility of adjusting the gap between its cutting edge and the transverse blades 11 .. For passage through the shear plate 6 of the longitudinal blades 13, slots 21 are made therein.

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A device for grinding plants operates as follows.

Before starting work, the maximum cutting length is set by changing the position of the stop plate 20. In this way, the locking bolts 19 turn away and the holders 18 move through the holes of the rod 17 to the desired position (until the required distance between the counterplate plate 6 and the stop plate 20 is reached). After that bolts 19 are tightened. The unit enters the aisle and the former 2 forms a swath of pre-cut branches that pass between the tracks or the wheels of the energy means 1. The picker 3 lifts the branches from the soil surface and delivers to the feeder 4. The drums of the feeder 4 form a ground mass flow and feed it to grinding drum 5. Cutting occurs alternately with longitudinal knives 13 and transverse knives 11.

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The cutting process is carried out as follows.

Branches with an orientation close to the cross with respect to the feed direction are cut by the longitudinal blades 13 passing through the slots 21 in the shearing plate 6. With further feed, the branches not cut by the longitudinal blades and having an orientation close to the feed direction are pushed inside the drum 5 as far as the stop into the shield 20 and are cut by the transverse blades 11, having an emphasis at two points: the cutting face of the counterblade plate 6 and the stop plate 20, At the same time, the branches are not shaken in the slot 21 of the antiblading plate 6, since at the moment of cutting with transverse blades, they are covered with plates 14. As the longitudinal-cross-cutting drum 5 rotates, the length of the slot 21 in the shearing plate 6, covered by the plate 14, decreases with the feed rate of the material being cut. Therefore, it is not unloaded and the process is not interrupted. Invention Formula

1. A device for shredding plants comprising

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Claims (2)

one 0 five 0 72 shaper, pick-up, feeder, drum chopper with alternate and longitudinal blades arranged alternately in the direction of rotation, with drum diameter at the ends of the longitudinal blades exceeding the diameter of the drum at the ends of the transversal knives, which are to improve the quality of the grinding process, the device is equipped with a shear plate and a stop plate located inside the drum opposite it, and the counter plate installed with a gap to the cutting edges of the transverse blades and has slots for the passage of the longitudinal blades. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that behind each longitudinal knife in the plane of its rotation a plate of variable height is installed, decreasing in the direction opposite to the rotation of the drum towards the subsequent transverse knife, the thickness of the plate not exceeding the thickness of the longitudinal knife, its rear end is located between the cutting and rear edges of the transverse knife. cpus.i  In 5 b. viewA 12 fieL