SU139027A1 - A method for measuring the absolute values of the lifetime of atoms and molecules in an excited state using spectroscopy - Google Patents
A method for measuring the absolute values of the lifetime of atoms and molecules in an excited state using spectroscopyInfo
- Publication number
- SU139027A1 SU139027A1 SU668452A SU668452A SU139027A1 SU 139027 A1 SU139027 A1 SU 139027A1 SU 668452 A SU668452 A SU 668452A SU 668452 A SU668452 A SU 668452A SU 139027 A1 SU139027 A1 SU 139027A1
- Authority
- SU
- USSR - Soviet Union
- Prior art keywords
- molecules
- atoms
- excited state
- lifetime
- measuring
- Prior art date
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- Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
Description
Известные способы измерени абсолютных значений времени жизни атомов и молекул в возбул денном состо нии с применением спектроскопии сложны и мало пригодны.The known methods for measuring the absolute values of the lifetimes of atoms and molecules in the excited state using spectroscopy are complex and of little use.
По предлагаемому способу дл различных давлений газа измер ют его температуру и кинетическую температуру по полуширине спектральной линии, наход т давление газа, при котором его температура равна кинетической температуре, и определ ют врем жизни в возбужденном состо нии по частоте и числу столкновений. Это позвол ет измер ть врем жизни атомов и молекул, наход щихс в разных энергетических состо ни х.According to the proposed method, for different gas pressures, its temperature and kinetic temperature are measured on the half-width of the spectral line, the gas pressure is found at which its temperature is equal to the kinetic temperature, and the lifetime in the excited state is determined by frequency and number of collisions. This makes it possible to measure the lifetimes of atoms and molecules in different energy states.
В соответствии с описываемым способом на входную щель спектрального прибора, обладающего дисперсией, необходимой дл построени контура спектральной линии, проектируют изображение ударной волны. В качестве спектрального прибора используют спектрограф с дифракционной решеткой или спектрограф средней дисперсии, скрещенный с эталоном Фабри-Перо.In accordance with the described method, an image of a shock wave is projected onto the entrance slit of a spectral device with the dispersion necessary for building the contour of the spectral line. A spectrograph with a diffraction grating or a medium dispersion spectrograph, crossed with a Fabry-Perot standard, is used as a spectral instrument.
Фотометриру полученные снимки с помощью микрофотометра типа МФ-2 или типа МФ-4, измер ют дл различных давлений газа за фронтом ударной волны кинематическую температуру по полуширине спектральной линии и температуру газа спектроскопическим или газодинамическим способом. Затем наход т давление, при котором температура газа равна его кинетической температуре. По частоте и числу столкновений, необходимых дл выравнивани температуры, определ ют врем жизни атома в возбужденном состо нии, пользу сь равенствами:The photometer obtained images using a microphotometer type MF-2 or type MF-4, measured for different gas pressures behind the shock wave front, kinematic temperature along the half-width of the spectral line and the gas temperature by spectroscopic or gas-dynamic method. Then a pressure is found at which the gas temperature is equal to its kinetic temperature. The frequency and the number of collisions necessary to equalize the temperature determine the lifetime of an atom in an excited state, using the following equalities:
ZЪ .-L 2. 2.-:/,Zb. -L 2. 2 .-: /,
j.j к ТIj.j to TI
где p - давление за ударной волной; Т - температура газа; 3,2 - газокинетический диаметр;- 2 - частота столкновений; т - врем жизни атома в возбужденном состо нии; В - число столкновений, необходимое дл выравнивани газа: mi - масса атома; m-i - масса молекул .where p is the pressure behind the shock wave; T is the gas temperature; 3.2 — gas-kinetic diameter; -2 — collision frequency; t is the lifetime of an atom in the excited state; B is the number of collisions needed to equalize the gas: mi is the mass of an atom; m-i is the mass of molecules.
Описанный способ измерени времени жизни атомов и молекул пригоден дл различных энергетических состо ний атомов и молекул и был опробирован применительно к лини м Li, Na, Са. При этом газ за ударной волной находилс при давлении 76 мм рт. ст. и температуре 3500°К.The described method of measuring the lifetimes of atoms and molecules is suitable for different energy states of atoms and molecules and was tested for Li, Na, Ca lines. At the same time, the gas behind the shock wave was at a pressure of 76 mm Hg. Art. and a temperature of 3500 ° K.
Предмет изобретени Subject invention
Способ измерени абсолютных значений времени жизни атомов и молекул в возбужденном .состо нии с применением спектроскопии, отличающийс тем, что, с целью измерени времени жизни атомов и молекул при разных энергетических состо ни х, измер ют дл .различных давлений газа его температуру и кинетическую температуру по полуширине спектральной линии, наход т давление газа, при котором его температура равна кинетической температуре , и определ ют врем жизни в возбужденном состо нии по частоте столкновений и числу столкновений, необходимому дл выравнивани температуры газа.A method of measuring the absolute values of the lifetimes of atoms and molecules in an excited state using spectroscopy, characterized in that, in order to measure the lifetimes of atoms and molecules under different energy states, the temperature and kinetic temperature are measured for different gas pressures over the half width of the spectral line, find the gas pressure at which its temperature is equal to the kinetic temperature, and determine the lifetime in the excited state by the collision frequency and the number of collisions y for equalizing the gas temperature.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SU668452A SU139027A1 (en) | 1960-05-28 | 1960-05-28 | A method for measuring the absolute values of the lifetime of atoms and molecules in an excited state using spectroscopy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SU668452A SU139027A1 (en) | 1960-05-28 | 1960-05-28 | A method for measuring the absolute values of the lifetime of atoms and molecules in an excited state using spectroscopy |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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SU139027A1 true SU139027A1 (en) | 1960-11-30 |
Family
ID=48295142
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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SU668452A SU139027A1 (en) | 1960-05-28 | 1960-05-28 | A method for measuring the absolute values of the lifetime of atoms and molecules in an excited state using spectroscopy |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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SU (1) | SU139027A1 (en) |
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1960
- 1960-05-28 SU SU668452A patent/SU139027A1/en active
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