SU1389977A1 - Method of making permanent joints of parts - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mechanical assembly work, in particular, to the technology of producing permanent joints of parts by the method of plastic deformations. The goal is to reduce energy costs and improve the quality of the connection. On one or both of the surfaces forming the gap, before installing the parts, a helical groove for the intermediate material is made. When connected, an intermediate material is installed in the helical groove, for example, by winding, orienting the assembled parts among themselves and distributing the inner part. 2 Il.

Description

from 00; o

The invention relates to mechanical assembly work, in particular, to methods for producing permanent joints of parts included in one another by the method of plastic deformations.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce energy consumption and improve the quality of the connection by reducing the preliminary gap.

FIG. Figure 1 shows the formation of a joint when making a groove of the sleeve surface, or on the inner mating surface of the housing, and the sleeve is radially deformed (dispensed) by internal deforming broaching.

On the mating surface 11, the bushings 12 and the mating surface 13 of the housing 14 are made by screw-cutting the grooves under the wire 15, which, when the sleeve 12 and the housing 14 are aligned

on one of the matched surfaces - E, a mirror image of each other. The compound is preformed as follows. For example, on the sleeve 12 wind the wire 15, cut off its ends, and then the sleeve 12 with the wound wire

15 (with a spring) screwed (like a screw) into the housing 14. It is also possible to screw the wire separately as a spring into the housing 14, and then screw the sleeve 12. If the connection is short, then the wire 15 can be inserted into the aligned

20 grooves by gradual feed. Subsequently, an internal deforming broach 16 is inserted into the opening of the sleeve 12, a pre-assembled connection is installed on the machine faceplate 17 and, after the working stroke is switched on, the sleeve 12 is distributed by sequential action of the deforming teeth 18, the diametrical size of which increases in the opposite direction to the drawing direction. When distributing the cross size

ki

tey; in fig. 2 - the same, when making grooves on both mating surfaces.

The method is carried out as follows.

On the mating surface 1 of axis (shaft) 2, there is a screw groove 3 under the intermediate material, for example wire 4. Then wire 4 is laid in groove 3. The latter can be prepared as a spring or wound on the groove after it has been formed. The sleeve 5 is machined to obtain the diameter of the inner surface of a slightly larger (by 0.2-0.4 mm) diameter, measured by the wire laid in the groove. The sleeve 5 is put on the axis 2 with a radial clearance. Protruding from the sleeve 5 the ends of the wire 4 cut. A nut 6 and a yoke 7 are installed on the axle 2, respectively, designed to hold the sleeve 25

ki 5 from falling out and transmission of the axial, sleeve 12 increases, is first eliminated

press effort. Place the pre-assembled bushing-axis connection into the surrounding deforming broth (matrix) 8 mounted on the press table 9. The body of the latter acts on the holder 7 and push the pre-assembled connection through the broach 8. It sequentially acts on the outer surface of the bushing 5 with its deforming teeth 10 and compresses it, reducing the transverse dimensions and causing a radial flow of the material (each subsequent deforming tooth is drawn with the size of its working part less than the previous tooth). Between axle 2 and sleeve 5 you first 35

a gap between the mating surfaces 11 and 13, and then a press connection is formed. The sleeve material encloses the wire 15, as a result of which the latter is in the state of full compression.

In the same way, a sleeve-to-axis connection can be formed, i.e. wire grooves are made on mating (facing each other) surfaces of sleeve 5 and axis 2. 40 It is recommended to choose a wire material whose strength properties are higher. more strength properties of the material of the sleeve, but lower than the strength properties of the material of the axis and body. Under these conditions, the gap is matched, and then the sleeve sleeve, with its radial deformation, covers the wire, and the material of the axis or body serves as a substrate, reducing the penetration of the wire into it. Lastly, as a result of this, it does not flatten, and if axial or circumferential

press connection. The material of the sleeve 5 at its radial flow also covers the wire 3, which is subjected to a full compression. After compressing the outer surface of the sleeve 5 and

Axis 2 removes auxiliary parts - Q load, works for shear, nut 6 and ferrule 7. Screw cutting with the formation of a groove under the wire can be performed on the inner surface of the sleeve 5 and wire can be laid in this groove.

The method is carried out in the following modes. The speed of pulling is determined by the possibilities of the presses and pulling machines and is selected from the limits

In a similar way, it can be taken as 55 1 - 10 m / min. The feed per diameter (tension g) is called a sleeve-to-body connection, and the deforming tooth is selected from the limits of 0.05-0.5 mm. In this case, a lower value should be used to ensure

but in this case, the wire groove is made either on the outer mating surface of the sleeve or on the inner mating surface of the housing, and the radial deformation of the sleeve (distribution) is performed by the internal deforming broach.

On the mating surface 11, the bushings 12 and the mating surface 13 of the housing 14 are made by screw-cutting the grooves under the wire 15, which, when the sleeve 12 and the housing 14 are aligned

mirror images of each other. The compound is preformed as follows. For example, on the sleeve 12 wind the wire 15, cut off its ends, and then the sleeve 12 with the wound wire

five

a gap between the mating surfaces 11 and 13, and then a press connection is formed. The sleeve material encloses the wire 15, as a result of which the latter is in the state of full compression.

In the same way, a sleeve-to-axis connection can be formed, i.e. wire grooves are made on mating (facing each other) surfaces of sleeve 5 and axis 2. It is recommended to choose a wire material whose strength properties are higher. more strength properties of the material of the sleeve, but lower than the strength properties of the material of the axis and body. Under these conditions, the sleeve material with its radial deformation covers the wire, and the material of the axis or body serves as a substrate, reducing the penetration of wire into it. Lastly, as a result of this, it does not flatten, and if axial or circumferential

load, working on the cut,

accuracy on the last deforming teeth x.

Let us consider the calculation on the example of a real connection sleeve - right rotation shaft. This connection is part of the main circulation pump operating in seawater (aggressive media). The shaft is made of 20X13 steel, its total length is 712 mm. Threads are made at both ends of the shaft. A bronze bushing (AF bronze) with a length of 350 mm and a wall thickness of 4 mm is pressed on the middle protruding surface (diameter 65 mm). Compound technology is as follows. A clip is mounted on one threaded end, which serves as a stop for the sleeve. A wire with a diameter of 1.2 mm is installed on the surface under the sleeve, then a prepared bronze sleeve is put on. An embracing deforming path is installed on the horizontal stretching machine 7B520. The second threaded end of the shaft is connected to a long chuck. The connection is obtained at the working stroke of the pull-rod machine. When using the basic method, the gap between the shaft and the sleeve is 1.4 mm (1.2 mm is the wire diameter -f-0.2 mm - the gap between the wire and the sleeve.

In order to select the radial clearance, the number of warping teeth is required.

Z

1.1

where i is the allowance (tension g) on one tooth.

On the shaft, a wire groove made of steel 20) using the proposed method is made with a screw groove under the wire, and then a wire is drawn into this groove. The strength of the wire is greater than that of the sleeve material, but less than that of the shaft material, i.e. the shaft material is not deformed by the action of the wire, but the sleeve material flows around it. After winding the wire and installing the grommet, they form a joint when bent. Since the gap between the sleeve and the shaft is 0.8 mm (half the diameter of the wire plus the gap), the number of deforming teeth is equal to

7 0.8

Z2 - J-,

Take the ratio of 1.75. g

Therefore, when reducing the gap

About to zero, the proposed method requires the use of force, which is 1.75 times less, as well as fewer deforming teeth. Since, during pulling, the forces are significant (80-150 kN)

5, this saves energy. If it is also possible to make a groove when pressing short sleeves on the latter, the clearance is reduced to 0.2-0.3 mm, which leads to a significant reduction in force.

A wire laid in a groove is subjected to a comprehensive compression, as a result of which its strength properties increase, and it works, if axial force is applied, on the shear. Wire, just mounted on matching

- surface by the basic method, works on friction, when the conditions of wire operation for shear are provided, the strength of the joint increases significantly.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula 0. A method of permanently joining parts, including placing one part into another hole with a radial gap, placing an intermediate material, such as a wire, in the gap, and joint radial deformation with a spreading tool, characterized in that in order to reduce energy consumption and improve the quality of the joint by reducing the pre-clearance, on one or both surfaces forming the gap, before installing the parts, a helical groove for the intermediate material is made. 18 Fy P