SU1383094A1 - Method of setting geodetic bench mark in water reservoirs and geodetic bench mark therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to geodesy, can be used for fixing geodetic points in reservoirs with gas release from the base soil and improves the reliability of the frame installation. A heat seal is inserted into the ground 10 of the reservoir base with a heat-removing part 1. The body section 3 is heated by thermal seals. 4, and in the case pour the coolant. Lowering the t-ry of atmospheric air relative to the t-ry of the environment of the reservoir and soil 10 of the bottom causes the circulation of the coolant in the thermoway body, providing heat transfer from the walls of the heat-collecting part 1 to the walls of the heat-giving part 2 piles. As a result, the soil is cooled around part 1 of the pile. The gases 10 emerging from the soil fill the cavity of bell 5, and through the gas-emitting nozzle 6 exit along the walls of the pile to the surface. ness The gases carry away the warmer layers of liquid from the depths, due to which in the ice cover 13 an ice-free area 14 is formed around the pile, 2 sec. fl ,, 2 ill. from € (L

Description

with

00

00

about with

NJ

The invention relates to geodesy and is intended for fixing geodetic points in reservoirs with a height from the base soil or from a biologically active layer on the base soil.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the frame.

FIG. .1 shows the device, side view | in FIG. 2 - a device equipped with a gas collecting channel.

The device includes a heat collecting part 1 of a thermowell; a heat removal part 2 of a thermowell; A housing 3; a thermoway with a thermal insulation coating 4; underwater gas-collecting bell 4 with gas outlet pipe 6; surface gas accumulator bell 7 with an ignition block 8; reservoir 9 with soil 10 bases and medium 11; Circulation zone 12 in the reservoir; ice cover J3 in the pond; lane 14 in the ice cover of the reservoir. FIG. 1 is indicated: AB-size section along the lower edges of the bell 5; SDD, C (- the size and shape of the bump of the environment of the reservoir; ESDD, C, E ,. - the size and outline of the surface of the lane at the thermo pile body,

The device works as follows.

A thermowell is brought to the place of fastening of the geodetic station, nalimer 5 using a floating craft (boat, pontoon, etc.). The thermowel is made in the form of a sealed body with heat collecting 1 and heat transfer 2 parts at the ends of the body. The size of the heat-collecting part 1 of the thermowell housing for each item is determined by calculation depending on the required embedment value of the thermoway end into the ground of the reservoir base.

The section of the housing 3 connecting the sections 1 and 2 is covered with a layer of thermal insulation 4. The thermal insulation is produced by a hydraulic material, i.e. from a material that prevents the filling of pores in it with water when placed in an aqueous medium. This can be a porous rubber douche, a shell made of doused ceramic, porous plastic, etc. The fuser is delivered to a point in the water with a thermal insulation layer applied on the base. If this base is not

done, then the heat insulation is made at point,;

A heat pipe is installed on the axis of the geodesic station (with the help of a floating crane, a floating boom, etc.) and inserted with a heat-collecting part 1 into the soil 10 of the bottom of the reservoir. The insertion is carried out by indentation, blockage or vibration absorption. Thermowires are put on the body 3 of the gas collector bell 5 and lowered onto the ground 10 of the reservoir, the gas outlet pipe 6 is located at approximately equal distances from the walls of the body 3, as shown in FIG. one,

Heat carrier is poured into the thermowell body and the filling hole (not shown) is closed. With the onset of cold weather, when the temperature of atmospheric air drops below the temperature of soil 10 and the environment of the reservoir, natural circulation of the coolant in the thermowell body begins to circulate. The heat carrier takes heat from cteHOK of the heat-collecting part 1 and transfers it to the walls of the heat-giving part 2 of the thermoway body. Soil adjacent to the heat-picking part 1 of the hull is cooled to atmospheric air temperature. When winter comes, i.e. at negative temperatures of atmospheric air, the temperature of the ground of the heat-collecting part 1 of the thermowel is reduced to atmospheric, i.e. soil freezing occurs. Over time, the frozen ground mass increases in size both in width and in depth of the soil 10 of the bottom of the reservoir.

The thermowell body becomes reliably embedded in the soil mass 10. The presence of thermal insulation 4 on the thermoway body 3 eliminates the freezing of the reservoir environment 11 and thereby contributes to an increase in the intensity of the freezing of the mass in the ground 10.

Immediately after the installation of the bell 5 with the nozzle 6 on Wednesday 11 of the reservoir, the ordered movement of gases begins. Gases, which are separated from soil 10 at section AB, enter the cavity of bell 5, fill it and flow upwards. Gases from the bell 5 enter the gas outlet pipe 6, the upper end of which is placed against the walls of the thermowell body. Gases from the pipe 6

along the walls of the hull, they rise along the walls upward, carrying the fluid 11 of the reservoir, mainly water, sludge suspended water, etc. On the surface of the reservoir, near the walls of the thermowell hull, a bulge of bulging of the SDC, C is created. The gases go to the atmosphere, and the water flows in the direction of the DSU radially in all directions from the body: thermoways. A fluid circulation zone 12 is created in the reservoir, moving more warm layers from the depths of the reservoir to its surface. Due to: the heat of gases and the circulating medium, lane 14 is created and maintained with an outline along the ESC, C, D in the ice cover 13.

The array of frozen soil 10 of the reservoir base freezes such a size and the degree of its cooling is created so large that the presence of permafrost in the heating section 1 of the thermoway is ensured both in winter and in summer, i.e. year-round. In summertime, thermowell is turned off from work on heat transfer by one of the known methods, for example, by removing heat carrier and heat carrier from the body in the spring and then pouring it into the case in the fall.

In order to enhance the effect on the surface of the water, a thermowell surface gas accumulating bell 7 is fixed on the housing 3 so that the edges of the bell are in direct proximity to the surface of the EU of water. On the bell 7 Ffig. 2) or on the body of a thermowell (not shown) install a gas-ignition unit 8 with the introduction of a spark into the cavity of the bell 7.

With the onset of cold weather, the coolant begins to circulate in the thermoway housing, thereby freezing the soil adjacent to housing part 1. Gases from the cavity of the bell 5 enter the nozzle 6, rise to the surface of the reservoir, and carry away the fluid of the reservoir. A fluid circulation zone 12 is formed in the reservoir. Due to the heat of gases and the circulating medium, lane 14 is created and maintained in ice cover 13,

0

five

five

0

0

five

40

45

50

The gases released from the medium 11 through the surface of the CTC, C | enter the cavity of the bell 7. In this cavity they are mixed with air, forming a combustible mixture, most often of the composition: methane + air.

Using the ignition unit 8, a spark is emitted into the combustible mixture. The mixture is ignited. Combustible gaseous products by combustion of oily gases evolving from the medium 11 are displaced from bell 7 and leak into the atmosphere at the edges of the bell above the EU surface of the water on the mine 14. By virtue of the heat of the combustion products, surface jets of water are heated. As a result of the heating of water in the lane by the warm gases of the circulating flow of the medium 11 in zone 12 and the gaseous products of combustion in the bell 7, the lane of 14 sizes and outlines according to the EDC, C, E is created and maintained in the ice cover 13.

Claims (2)

1. A method of installing a geodetic frame in a reservoir, in which the heat removal part of a thermowell filled with coolant is placed above the surface of the reservoir, and the assembling body is underneath it with freezing of the aquatic environment, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability, they are fixed in the bottom of the reservoir, a part of the rapper located in the aquatic environment is thermally insulated, and the gases released from the bottom of the reservoir are collected and directed along the body of the thermowell. 2. A geodesic bench mark for reservoirs containing a thermowell with heat-giving and heat-collecting parts, filled with a coolant, is said to be that, in order to increase reliability, it is equipped with heat-insulating coating i, a gas-collecting bell with a branch pipe in heat collecting part, gas accumulating bell in heat  parts and installed :, on it the gas-ignition unit. FIG. 2