SU1382953A1 - Method and material for modelling underground mining of bed deposits - Google Patents

Description

(21) 4063556 / 22-03

(22) 03/03/86

(46) 03/23/88. Bul № 11

(71) University of Peoples' Friendship

them. Patrice Lumumba and Shyitut problems of integrated mineral resources development of the USSR Academy of Sciences

(72) B.I. Mashkovtsev, I.L. Mashkovtsev and G.A. Balykhin

(53) 622.023 (088.8) (56) Mashkovtsev I.L. The occurrence of rock pressure when excavating thick flat seams. M .: TSNIIugol, 1979, p. 16-18.

Copyright witness USSR №394678, cl. E 21 C 39/10, 1971.

R.N. Kuznetsov et al. Modeling of rock pressure. - L .: Nedra, s. 61-64.

Aa

(54) METHOD OF MODESH PROVING OF UNDERLOAD DEVELOPMENT OF E. PASTE PLACES, STAND AND EXTILTABLE MATERIAL FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION

(57) The invention relates to the mining industry and is intended to determine the stress-strain state of the rocks and the parameters of the mining technology. The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy and reliability of the model. It is made by layering an equivalent material (EM). Then it is compressed and. According to the method of laying and drying the next layer of EM tar tar sweat voltage sensor (DN). Then the model is tested and at the same time the results of measurements of DN 4 and recording aSfi are recorded.

7X7 777 777 TTxy / VT: TW / x / X7x 77u

W

/

Fi & W

SAE 00 GO

coke

Fi & W

paratura (pa). Both during calibration and processing, the DN 4 and RA models are moved relative to each other along the entire length of the model and at the same time automatically record the measurement results. After that, the EM layers are removed separately, 1-20% water is added, stirred until a homogeneous mass is reached and reused. DN 4 is made in the form of zvukh. parallel plates of transparent material. The length of the plates is equal to the length of the EM layers and they are set vertically at a distance from each other, equal to the width of the EM layers. As RA, polarization is used1

The invention relates to the mining industry and is intended to simulate the underground mining of stratal mineral deposits on stands of equivalent materials for determining the stress-strain state of rocks and mining technology parameters.

The aim of the invention is to improve the accuracy and reliability of the simulation.

FIG. 1 is schematically depicted.

the proposed stand with a fixed sensor installation; in fig. 2 - the same, with a movable sensor installation; in fig. 3 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 4 shows a section BB in FIG. 2 ..

The method is as follows.

The mountain massif consisting of various rocks: a mineral layer (for example, coal), a non-mediating roof (algillite), the main roof (sandstone), is replaced by equivalent properties with materials that are laid into stand 1 by layers 2. A stress sensor is preliminarily inserted into the soil of formation 3, which consists of two parallel transparent plates. Then the model is tested.

To obtain data on the stress-strain state along the entire model or at any given point

an optical system 5-8, the elements of which are located on both sides of the DN 4 on rails 12 mounted on a rigid base 10. The elements of the system 5-8 are moved by means of a worm gear. The composition of EM includes the following components with their ratio, wt.%: Sand 5- 90; salt 80-5; water - the rest. The change in the percentage of the EM components and the production of the samples, so that the discrepancy between the actual physical and mechanical properties and the calculated ones does not exceed 10%. 3 sec. and 2 z. p. f-ly, 4 ill.

light source 5 and analyzer 6 placed on one side of the voltage sensor, polarizer 7 and photomultiplier 8, placed with

On the other hand, they move synchronously along the sensor of the four voltages, or, on the contrary, move the model together with the sensor relative to the polarization optic system 5–8, which is fixed, and is recorded with recording equipment 9.

The bench for carrying out the method is as follows.

On a hard base 10 installed

5, a 4-voltage sensor, made of two parallel plates, of transparent material located at a distance equal to the width of the layers 2 of equivalent material. Plates

0 are installed vertically and their length is the length of the layers of equivalent material (i.e., equal to the length of the model). If necessary, the plates can be made up of several parts along the length. On top of the plates laid. For example, metal tape 1 1J, and then layers of equivalent material. On one side of the voltage sensor (or hard base 10)

0, a light source 5 is located, such as a laser, and an analyzer 6, on the other hand, a polarizer 7, and a photomultiplier 8. The polarization-optical system 5-8 and the voltage sensor 4 are movable relative to each other.

The beam of light — from source 5, pass analyzer 6, sensor 4, and polarizer 7 — enters photomultiplier 8. The readings are automatically recorded directly from the photomultiplier, for example, a printing device, a tape punch, a microcomputer system, and the like.

With a fixed installation of a voltage sensor (i.e., a rigid base and the entire stand as a whole), the rigid base 10 (FIG. 1-3) has a width greater than the layers of equivalent material. On protruding parts of the base, guides 12 are installed along which the carriage 13 with the laser 5 and the analyzer 6 and the carriage 14 with the polarizer 7 and the photomultiplier for the various rocks and coals in the daltel B can move synchronously .... Moving carriages 13 and 14 can be carried out, for example, by means of a screw 15 connected via a gear transmission with the shaft of the reversing motor 16.

In the case of installation of a polarization optical system 5-8, a stationary rigid base 10 (FIGS. 2 and 4) is provided with rollers 17 with the possibility of eVo movement with a sensor 4 eg 30

non-niche is used to make a model from a stratigraphic column of simulated thickness; specific reservoir deposit.

Example 1. The content of components for mudstones, wt.%:

Sand 84.4

Salt 13.8

Water1,8

Example 2. The content of the composite

zheniye (i.e., the entire stand) in directions for sandstones, wt.%:

18 on the ray of light.

The equivalent material contains sand, salt and water with ranges of change, depending on the strength of the rocks, wt.% 1 sand 5-90, salt 80-5, water the rest.

The manufacture of the composition and the selection of the percentage content of the components of the equivalent material are implemented as follows.

Sand and salt are mixed in dry form in different proportions, 1-20% water is added and mixed again until the mixture has a normal consistency. The resulting material is placed in molds and dried, thus obtaining samples to test its physicomechanical properties. According to the test results, Gibbs-Rosebom diagrams are constructed.

An example of a joint work of the method, stand and equivalent material for the implementation of the method.

ten

3829534

According to the data of physical and mechanical properties of coal and rocks in nature, the calculated physical and mechanical properties of an equivalent material are determined in accordance with the theory of similarity. Initially, the percentage composition of a material equivalent to, for example, coal — argillite, sandstone, and so on — is found from the Gibbs-Rosebom diagrams constructed. Then, from the obtained materials, samples are made on which the physicomechanical properties of a particular rock are determined (in the model.). Changing the percentage of the components of the material and the production of the samples, ensure that the discrepancy between the actual physicomechanical properties and the calculated ones does not exceed 10%, which is sufficient to ensure the reliability of the simulation.

Installed in this way the percentage of components

15

20

thirty

non-niche is used for manufacturing. models according to stratigraphic column of simulated thickness; specific reservoir field.

Example 1. The content of components for mudstones, wt.%:

Sand 84.4

Salt 13.8

Water1,8

Example 2. The content of the composite

0

five

five

Sand 78.6

Sol17.4

Water4.0

Example 3. The content of components for coal, wt.%:

Sand 86.2

Sol12.0

Water1,8

As a result of the tests carried out on the samples, it was found that the proposed composition allows simulating with a high accuracy and reliability various rocks in a wide range from hard rocks (salt content up to 80 wt.%) To weak and loose rocks (sand content up to 90 wt. %). Depending on the required; mixture consistency and salt content, the total amount of water

is 1-20% by weight of the mixture. Layers of material equivalent to different rocks are placed into the model according to the stratigraphic column.

simulated reservoir field. To lay the material sideways, temporary formwork was erected for 3-4 layers of material. Having laid and laid in a layer of material, it is compacted and cyniKy by suppressing warm air to the surface.

)I.

Calibration of the sensor, 4 voltages are done after laying and drying Pts (; model layer; Dp); first, the intensity of the intensity transmitted through the unloaded light sensor by recording the displacement of the polarization optical system (or voltage transducer) along the entire model using recording equipment 9. Then the apple gives a layer of equivalent material of known dry mass, dries it

nov register datum readings

ka

before

4 voltages. Calibration of the production of the completion of laying layers in the stand. If necessary, t „e. To simulate a given depth, we developed a gradual loading of the 5-valence material with known 1 items, and also moving the polarities of the equa- tion of stretches relative to each other.

; ion optical system and sensor

and

She ate pr

to his registry measurement results in this way, at the end of laying

The equivalent material and their loadings receive a calibration graph, depending on the intensity variation of the light on the voltage applied to the voltage sensor.

After that, the model is replicated, for which a successive excavation of layer 3 is carried out according to the chosen modeling technique taking into account the time scale. After removing an och | middle part of the reservoir, the testimony of the Danish stresses with the described method is recorded. During the development of reservoir 3, the redistribution of stresses occurs in the model, which causes a change in the intensity of light entering the photomultiplier 8. This is recorded by the recording apparatus 9. The values of the obtained values of normal stresses in the model are determined by comparing the measurement data with the tare chart . In this way, the reference pressure (in front of the cleaning face) and the pressure of the hoop are determined.

rocks in the developed space on the soil of the reservoir.

After the model has been worked out (i.e., the formation or group of layers has been completely removed), proceed to disassemble the model. For this, layers of material equivalent to the same rock are removed separately from other layers and placed in a separate container. When the model is re-prepared, 1–20% of water is added to the extracted material, the material is stirred until a homogeneous mass is obtained, and it is used again when laying layers in a new stand.

Claims (5)

1. Method of modeling underground development of stratum deposits, including the manufacture of a model by layering equivalent material, calibrating a voltage sensor, testing the model5 and recording the results of measurements by a voltage sensor and recording equipment and removing layers of equivalent material after working the model, characterized in that, in order to increase the accuracy and reliability of the simulation, the voltage sensor is calibrated as the next layer of equivalent material is laid and dried, while also working out the model, the voltage sensor and recording equipment move relative to each other along the entire length of the model and at the same time automatically record the results of measurements, after which, after equivalent material is extracted separately, add 1–20% s, stirred until a homogeneous mass and. reused. 2. A bench for simulating underground mining of stratal deposits, including a 1st rigid base, a model made of layers of equivalent material, a stress sensor and recording equipment, the stress sensor being installed on a hard base below the model, characterized in that the stress sensor made of transparent material in the form of two parallel plates with a length equal to the length of the layers of equivalent material installed vertically on the distance from each other, equal to the width of the layers of equivalent material, and a polarization-optical system, the elements of which are located on both sides of the voltage sensor, is used as recording equipment.  3. Stand according to claim 2, characterized in that, on a rigid base, on both sides of the voltage sensor, guides are fixed, on which elements of the polarization-optical system are placed with the possibility of movement, for example, by means of a worm gear. 4. The stand according to claim 2, characterized in that the elements according to 2-2g. - ,, -. .-,. /. - -. , . .-:. . .. J - ... .-., -. y, t. ,,,  .. ., - ..; g. ., at. V V V V V V V Jl X. X ./ X l X / 7 /// /// A // /// U // ///////// // // // // // // // // , Fig, 1 The radiation-optical system is mounted on both sides of the voltage sensor, and the rigid base is movable on the support rollers, 5. Equivalent material for the modeling of underground mining of stratal deposits, including sand, water and sticking, characterized in that salt is used as stubble in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Sand Salt Water 5-90 80-5 Else I : i% x ; -. ;;.:; / / V V V V V V X ./ X l X / / 12 3 eleven WW - -. / 7 SF. g 5 6 - EZ / Vx // / XV X 75 FIG. C