SU1374335A2 - Storage battery charging device - Google Patents

Description

a transistor analogue of the thyristor is connected to the input of the electronic switch 18 connected to the negative power supply terminal of the controlled oscillator. The middle point of the other arm of the bridge, the cathode of the Zener diode 11 and the output of the resistor 12, is connected via an isolating diode 20 to the output of the integrating RC circuit,

associated with the output of the key 18 .. Parallel to the potentiometer 12, the filter capacitor 24 is turned on. The device provides more accurate information on the charge of the battery by the EMF value, speeds up the charging process and eliminates the sulphation of the plates. 1 hp f-ly, 1 ill.

The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular, to converter equipment, can be used to charge and charge batteries in the process of their operation, and is an improvement of the invention according to the author. No. 1149350,

The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy and optimize the magnitude of the charge current while ensuring the desulphation mode,

The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a device for charging a battery.

The mains and battery EMF are matched by a transformer 1 The transformer 1 output is connected to a bridge rectifier 2, which is through a thyristor 3, shunted through a button 4 by a resistor 5, and through a current sensor - a resistor 6 is connected to the output of the device and to the battery terminals the result is a low voltage power circuit of the battery. The remaining elements of the circuit form a control unit. The thyristor 3 control transition through the damping resistor 7 is connected to the output of the controlled oscillator 8, which is powered from the zener diode 9, which, with a series-connected resistor 10, has one bridge arm connected to the device output another bridge arm connected to the device output, formed by a series-connected zener diode 11 with an inserted diode and a variable resistor 12, the midpoint of which

0

five

0

five

0

five

0

connected to the input of the transistor analogue of the thyristor / and through diode 13 to the input of the controlled generator 8, the a-input of the generator is connected to the resistor 14 of the charging current, the diode 15 is entered into the shoulder of the bridge connected to the output of the generator through the resistor 14 connected to the output of the transistor analogue of the thyristor 16, and through decoupling diode 17, the output of the transistor analogue of the thyristor is connected to the input of the electronic key - the base of the transistor 18, which through a resistor 19 is connected to the negative output of the controlled generator. The cathode of Zener diode 11 and the output of resistor 12 are connected via an isolating diode 20 to the output of an integrating RC circuit consisting of a resistor 21 connected to the negative terminal of the rectifier and a capacitor 22 connected to the positive output terminal of the device. In addition, the output of the RC circuit through the discharge resistor 23 is connected to the output of the key - the collector of the transistor 18; Parallel to the potentiometer 12, the filter capacitor 24 is turned on,

The device works as follows.

When connecting a battery to be charged with a residual voltage of more than half of the nominal, which is the case in most cases, a controlled generator 8 is driven by a resistor 10 from the battery, which self-triggers and sends narrow control pulses to the thyristor 3 at a frequency given value of resistor 14, which is higher

periodic ripples of rectified network voltage of 100 Hz When the device is connected to the network, the output voltage of the rectifier bridge 2 appears under the action of which the battery current flows when the thyristor is turned on. Since the generator frequency is not synchronized with the network frequency , the occurrence of charge current as a result of asynchronous switching on causes a voltage drop across the current sensor - resistor 6, as a result of which the generator frequency decreases to a synchronous value of 100 Hz, and the current, depending on the moment comrade incorporation varies from primary, nachalnmi angles defined by incorporation, to a predetermined resistor 10. After transient 3-4 constituting the current pulse (30-40 ms), the charging current reaches a steady value. Simultaneously with the appearance of the voltage at the output of the rectifying bridge 2, the capacitor 22 of the RC circuit starts to charge through the resistor 21. At the same time, the voltage taken from the slider of the potentiometer 12 of the other bridge arm is lower than the voltage on the Zener diode 9, as the battery voltage This battery is not nominal.

The transistor 26 is open, because the potential of the base is more positive than the potential of the emitter. At the same time, the transistor 25 is also opened. The resistor 14 sets the charge current through the open circuit. The collector-emitter of the transistor 25 is connected to the positive output of the device, which ensures the current setting mode. The electronic switch - transistor 18 is closed at this, since the control current flowing through the resistor 19 is injected past the circuit of the base through the diode 17 and the open circuit of the collector - emitter of the transistor 25. This ensures the charge state of the capacitor 22 of the integrating RC- chains. After the time determined by the constant charge time and the threshold value determined by the position of the slider of potentiometer 12, the voltage on the cone of ape 22 exceeds the voltage on potentiometer 12, the diode 20 opens, and the voltage on the potentiometer 12 continues rise from the current flowing through diode 20.

The current in the circuit of the Zener diode 11 and the diode 15 decreases to zero. Diode 15 for

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

0

kryvaetsa. When the voltage on the lower part of the potentiometer 12 is greater than the stabilization voltage of the Zener diode 9, the transistor 26 closes, causing the transistor 25 to close. The circuit shunting the lower part of the potentiometer 12 through the resistor 27 opens, reducing the switching threshold of the circuit based on the transistor analogue of the thyristor and potentiometer 12. To simplify consideration of the operation of the device, it should be noted that the circuit of the transistor analogue of the thyristor 16, together with the potentiometer 12, forms a circuit equivalent to an asymmetrical trigger she hysteresis inversion. As the input voltage rises, the trigger transistors are closed. In this case, the threshold is reduced. When the input voltage decreases, the transistors become open and the threshold increases. After switching off the analogue of thyristor 16 (both thyristors are not conducting), the charging current of the device decreases to zero, because the current setting circuit through resistor 14 is broken, transistor 25 does not conduct current, and consequently, the generator control current is respectively O. This inhibits the operation of the generator pulses, causes a decrease in charge current to zero. At the same time, the key 18 opens, since all the control current flows through the resistor 19, the base-emitter circuit of the transistor 18, the bias diode. An open transistor 1.8 discharges the capacitor 22 of the integrating RC circuit: a current-limiting resistor 23, the collector is the emitter of transistor 18, a bias diode. The constant discharge of the integrating capacitor 22 is one to two orders of magnitude less than the constant charge time.

From the moment the discharge of the capacitor 22 begins to discharge the capacitor 24 through potentiometer 12 to a voltage determined by the voltage on the battery.

After, the charge determined by the set value of the current and the time of its flow j

automatics

The charge current decreases to zero and the battery charge level is determined by the emf of the battery. If the EMF is not nominal, the lower threshold of the circuit is higher than the voltage drop.

on the lower part of potentiometer 12, the circuit is not kept in the EMF control state, as soon as the voltage drop on the lower part of the potentiometer becomes lower than the stabilization voltage of the zener diode 9, transistor 26 opens and the circuit goes to its initial state and the charge cycle. battery monitoring is repeated Zarya zarya cycle charge - the control can be selected over a wide range from units of seconds to tens of minutes and even hours with a corresponding RC circuit. As the battery increases, its EMF increases and as the nominal pause of control is approached, the EMFs increase, which to some extent serves as an indicator of the degree of battery charge and leads to a decrease in the average charging current in the charging cycle. With a fully charged battery, the cycle time is determined by the well required to compensate for the discharge current or leakage, as judged by the battery's suitability for operation.

To ensure the operation of the circuit, a resistor 28 is inserted for various loads. The resistor 28 and the switched on button 4 energize the control unit, as a result of which the device operates in the current stabilization mode for various loads, including the active one. The introduction of a resistor 28 provides an opportunity to test the operability and expands the functional capabilities of the device.

The device allows to increase the charging charge, m. more accurate information about the charge is the emf, than the battery voltage, excluding undercharging and overcharging, which simplifies the control and maintenance of the device. The established charge current is kept constant. during the whole charge process, which reduces the charge time. The introduction of the dead pause during the charging process has a beneficial effect on the charging process. When connected in parallel with a load battery, a charge-discharge mode is realized, which allows the sulfation of the plates to be established, which increases the service life of the batteries.

VNTShI- Order 612/51

the invention

0

5 0 5

about 5

0

five

Claims (1)

1. A device for charging a battery according to Aut. No. 1149350, characterized in that, in order to improve the accuracy, to optimize the magnitude of the charging current and to ensure the desulfation mode, an integrating RC circuit, a key, is introduced into the control unit. on the transistor, diodes, a transistor analogue of a thyristor with collector-base connections through resistors connected by an emitter of an n - p - n transistor to the negative output of the controlled oscillator and the output of the third resistor, and base to the middle output of the first adjustable resistor, In this case, the p – n collector-emitter circuit of the thyristor analogue transistor is connected in series with the second adjustable resistor and connected by the emitter to the positive output of the device, and the collector to the second adjustable resistor and anode of the first developing diode, the cathode of which is connected to the second the output of the third resistor and the base of the transistor switch, the collector of which is connected via a discharge resistor to the output of an integrating RC circuit connected by a resistor to the negative terminal of the output of the rectifier, and by a capacitor to The output of the device, the emitter p - n - p of the thyristor analogue, and the output of the second capacitor, the second output of which is connected to the anode of the second isolating diode, the cathode of which is connected to the output of the RC circuit, an additional diode are inserted connected by the cathode to the minus output of the device, and by the anode to the anode of the zener diode whose cathode is connected to the anode of the second decoupling diode. 2 "Device according to claim 1, about tl, which means that, in order to extend the functionality, the connection point of the key and the limiting resistor is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply of the control generator through an additional resistor., Already 649