SU137158A1 - Automatic voltage regulator for DC and AC generators - Google Patents

Description

BASIC Auth. St. LI 121495 describes an automatic voltage regulator for a generator of direct and alternating current with self-excitation. The measuring organ of this controller is made in the form of a nonlinear bridge with a nonlinear element, which is a controlled crystal triode, the voltage between the emitter and collector of which is fed to the input of the regulator assembled on composite crystalline triodes.

In order to improve the accuracy of voltage regulation and Ph. D. This regulator suggests in its measuring organ to use a silicon Zener diode connected in series with the active resistance and the base of the semiconductor triode.

The drawing shows a circuit diagram of the proposed voltage regulator for a dc generator.

The main elements of a voltage regulator are: an IO measuring body, made in the form of a nonlinear bridge with a controlled semiconductor triode and a silicon Zener diode, and a regulating body PO, whose functions are performed by parallel-connected semiconductor triodes.

The measuring device IO consists of a silicon DC Zener diode, a Jagi semiconductor triode, and three ohmic resistances, 2, Cs. The output signal of the measuring unit is the voltage between the emitter and the Jagi triode collector.

The regulating body is made on a composite triode consisting of two parallel-connected semiconductor triodes UGH and PT-2 and one series-connected triode PTZ. The number of parallel and series-connected triodes is determined by the power of the excitation value and the maximum allowable power of the semiconductor triodes. Load balancing between parallel-connected triodes is performed with a field of resistance Ra, a negative feedback in the emitter circuit. Into the collector circuit SoL 13: 7158-2 -

of the fixed triode, the excitation winding OB of the generator G is included, and the resistance of 4 is in the circuit of its base, with which it is possible to change the control accuracy. At 0, the adjustment accuracy is greatest.

The output voltage of the measuring organ, through the resistance I, is applied to the input of the composite triode (between the emitter and base electrodes).

Adjusting the regulator to a predetermined value of the regulated voltage is carried out by selecting a silicon DC Zener diode with the necessary voltage to stabilize.

This Zener diode is a silicon diode, the voltage to which is applied in the opposite (locking) direction.

With an increase in the voltage at the terminals of the generator to the nominal voltage drop at the resistance Ri, the JAGi semiconductor triode is in a locked state. The output voltage of the measuring organ of the IO is almost equal to the voltage at the terminals of the generator and is much greater than that required to control the regulator.

In this case, the composite triode operates in saturation mode with respect to the collector current (the internal resistance of the triode is minimal) and, therefore, a reliable generator self-excitation process is provided. When the rated voltage at the generator terminals (i.e., the stabilization voltage of the Zener diode) is reached, the conductivity of the silicon Zener diode sharply increases. The voltage drop across the resistor RI is approximately equal to the voltage increment at the generator terminals. Tenths of a volt on the resistance Ri is enough to unlock the triode R7 and the output voltage of the measuring organ decreases sharply, which leads to a decrease in the excitation current. The composite triode in this state is in a locked state, and consequently, its internal resistance is greatly increasing.

When the speed or load changes, due to the presence of inductance in the excitation circuit, the voltage between the emitter and the collector of the triodes FGPT increases sharply. To reduce the overvoltages on the PT, PT, triode, the excitation winding of the OF generator is shunted by a c-diode D, which acts as a discharge resistance.

The resistors Ri and R-z of the measuring element are calculated taking into account the nominal stabilization current and the permissible power dissipation by the silicon Zener diode DC.

In order to regulate the voltage of the alternators, the cement voltage must be rectified beforehand. To rectify the alternating current, it is advisable to use germanium (silicon) rectifiers, on which the voltage drop in the forward direction is small (-for 0.5-0.8 V).

Subject invention

Claims (2)

1. Automatic voltage regulator for DC and AC generators according to ed. St. No. 121495, characterized in that, in order to improve the accuracy of voltage regulation and efficiency. controller, in its measuring body applied silicon Zener diode, connected in series with the active resistance and the base of the semiconductor triode. 2. The regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the excitation winding of the generator is shunted by a semiconductor diode.