SU1368534A1 - Controllable liquid coupling - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and is intended for use in drive devices of auxiliary units of internal combustion engines. The goal is to improve the operational qualities by adjusting the magnitude of the torque and expanding the operational qualities by ensuring that the fluid coupling is adjusted to the desired characteristic according to the depth of adjustment. For this purpose, adjustable throttles in the form of an inlet oil channel 23 and an outlet oil channel (BM) 13 are installed in the hydraulic clutch. Throttles are located at the ends of the piston (R) 7. Balls 21 are located between P7 and wheel 3. The working cavity (RP) 4 is formed by wheels 1 and 3, VM 13 is located on the radius of the RP 4, less than its outer radius. As the torque increases, P7 moves to the left under the action of balls 21 and pin 13 is removed from VM 13. Through the BM with & (L

Description

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13, the cavity 6 and the drain hole 16 are drained into the atmosphere by the working fluid. FP 4 is partially emptied, and the torque value is reduced. When pressure in RP 4 is reduced, balls 21 are returned to the minimum radius. Under the action of the spring 12 and the pressure of the feed fluid P7 moves to the right. With this flange

8 is pressed against the wheel 3. The stub 15 closes the hub 13. The torque increases. By performing the inlet and outlet oil channels in the form of adjustable chokes, it is possible to regulate the filling and emptying of the working cavity, and hence the torque. 1 z.p, f - ly 2 silt,

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The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular, to drive devices of auxiliary units of internal combustion engines, for example, to a cooling system fan.

The aim of the invention is to improve the performance by adjusting the magnitude of the torque and expanding the operational capabilities by providing adjustment to the desired characteristic according to the depth of adjustment.

Figure 1 shows the fluid coupling, a General view, a longitudinal section in figure 2 - section aa in figure 1.

The fluid coupling contains a pumping wheel 1, a casing 2 and a turbine wheel 3, forming a working cavity 4. The wheel 3 is installed in the housing 5, between which an additional cavity 6 is formed, in which the piston 7 is located, having the possibility of axial movement. One horse, piston 7 is made in the form of a developed flange 8, its other end is made in the form of a cone 9 with through holes 10 and 11 in the piston 7. A compression spring 12 is installed between the housing 5 and the piston 7 and presses the flange 8 of the piston 7 to the wheel 3 in the locations of the outlet oil channels 13 located on the radius of the working cavity, smaller than its outer radius, through the sealing gasket 14, the oil plugs 13 of the flange 8 are pressed into the dowel pins 15, which together with the outlet oil channels 13 constitute an adjustable choke.

Drain apertures 16 are made in the housing 5, which connect the cavity 6

atmosphere, and their total area depends on the total area of the oil channels 13. The turbine wheel 3 has three working surfaces: the outer 17, the inner 18 and the lateral 19. In the piston 7 there are slots 20 with an inclined surface, in which calibrated steel balls 21 are placed. 5, the sleeve 22 is screwed in from the inlet side of the feed fluid with a calibrated orifice 23 and with the possibility of axial movement, as well as with a cut 24. The orifice 23 is the inlet oil channel of the hydraulic clutch. The piston 7 is centered in the housing 5 to ensure the coaxiality of the parts of the adjustable throttle - the sleeve 22 and the cone 9, as well as to seal the feed flow

from the cavity 6 with axial movement of the outer cylindrical surface 25 of the piston 7 along the inner cylindrical surface 26 of the housing 5. In order to prevent the flange 8 from turning against the wheel 3 in the housing 5, diametrically opposite prismatic keys 27 are fixed with nuts 28.

Hydrocoupling works as follows

at once.

The moment at nominal slip is transmitted by the hydraulic clutch at the initial position of the piston 7, when the make-up

35 hydraulic couplings are carried out with maximum flow and the working cavity 4 of the hydraulic couplings is completely filled. The flange 8 of the piston 7 is pressed against the turbine wheel 3 due to the force of the spring 12 and the force generated from the pressure on the cone 9 of the fluid, which feeds the working cavity 4 through the inlet oil duct 23. In this case, the dowel plugs 15 are introduced into the output oil channels 13, t . output choke is completely closed. The input adjustable throttle is completely open: the forming surface of the cone 9 is removed to the maximum distance from the cut 24 of the sleeve 22 and the area of the annular gap (flow area) between the surface of the cone 9 and cut 24 is maximum. The working fluid enters the working cavity 4 of the hydraulic couplings through the inlet oil canal 23 and further through the through-holes 10 and 11. Inclined slots 20 of the piston 7 hold the balls 21 at their smallest working radius between the surfaces 17 and 19 of the turbine wheel 3.

With an increase in the angular velocity of rotation of the impeller 1, the angular velocity of rotation of the turbine wheel 3 also increases, as a result of which the increased centrifugal forces act on the balls 21, which in turn press on the inclined slots 20, thus increasing the axial force on the piston 7, the superior axial force from the action of the spring 12 and the pressure of the fluid on the cone 9. The balls 21, slipping along the slots 20 and the surface 19 of the turbine wheel 3, move from the center of rotation, striving to take the greatest radius. The piston 7 begins to move to the left in the axial direction by an amount proportional to the increment of the radius of the balls 21. At the same time, the cone 9 begins to enter its top in the oil channel 23, thereby reducing the area of its flow area (the area of the annular gap between the cut line 24 of the sleeve 22 and the surface of the cone 9). The flow rate of the working fluid through the inlet choke is reduced. When the piston 7 is moved, the pins 15, the exit from the oil outlets 13 move to the left simultaneously with it, thereby connecting the working cavity 4 with the atmosphere through the additional cavity 6 and further through the drain holes 16. emptying the working cavity 4 with an extensive feed through the input / throttle valve, which allows to increase the speed of emptying. As a result of reducing the amount of working fluid in the working

cavity 4 is reduced and the torque transmitted by the clutch. The consumption of the discharge through the input adjustable choke is minimal when the balls 21 are at their maximum operating radius limited by the inner cylindrical surface 18 of the wheel 3. The control of the flow of working fluid in the input adjustable choke is determined by the amount of movement of the piston 7 depending on the diameter of the balls 21 and the difference their working radii, the smallest and largest, the geometry of the cone 9 and the inlet maslokanala 23. Adjusting the flow in the output adjustable choke is similar to adjusting the flow in the input the throttle and also determined by the size of the radius at which the outlet oil channels 13 located on the flange 8 of the piston 7 are located. The flow control limit in the output adjustable throttle occurs when, after a period of time, the hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic coupling stops through the drain holes 16 The transfer of torque is carried out by the part of the liquid that remains after partial emptying between the outer radius of the circulation circle and the radius on which the oil channel 13 is located. So th partial emptying guarantees the transmission torque at start-up and operation at high speeds. The flow rate in this case is equal to the flow rate for cooling the remaining working fluid. Adjusting the fluid coupling to the desired characteristic for the depth of adjustment is made by adjusting the throttling degree of the feed flow in the input regulated choke by axial movement of the sleeve 22 along the thread in the housing 5 relative to the cone 9. Change the initial area of the annular gap between the cut line 24 and the cone 9 flow inlet oil channel 23. formula of the invention 1. Adjustable hydrodynamic uf containing pump and turbine wheels connected to the shell th cavity, piston, rilegayuschy to the turbine wheel, tsenrobezhny controller arranged to cooperate with a Porsche, the inlet and outlet oil channels.

51

characterized in that, with the purpose of improving the operational quality by adjusting the magnitude of 1 |: rut, the input and output oil channels are made in the form of re- 1 | holed chokes, located i | ia the ends of the piston, the output maskafal is located on the radius of the working Lolost, smaller than its outer radius, and communicated with the atmosphere.

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2. Coupling POP.1, characterized in that, in order to expand operational capabilities by providing adjustment to the desired characteristic of the depth of adjustment, it is equipped with a sleeve with a calibrated orifice installed in the adjustable throttle of the input - 10 movement.

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Claims (2)

Claim 1 · Adjustable hydrodynamic coupling, containing a pump and a turbine wheel connected to the casing, forming a working cavity, a piston adjacent to the turbine wheel, a centrifugal regulator located with the possibility of interaction with the piston, input and output oil channels, 136853'4 Characterized in that, with the aim of improving performance by controlling the magnitude of the torque, the input and output oil channels are made in the form of adjustable chokes located at the ends of the piston, the output oil channel is located on the radius of the working cavity smaller than its outer radius, and is connected with the atmosphere. 2. Clutch pop. 1, characterized in that, in order to expand operational capabilities by adjusting to the desired characteristic according to the depth of regulation, it is equipped with a sleeve with a calibrated hole installed in the adjustable choke of the input oil channel with the possibility of joint movement.