SU1364397A1 - Method of machining materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering and may find application in the processing of materials by cutting with a cutting tool with a helical cutting edge, which receives rotation from a part during the cutting process. The purpose of the present invention is to improve the quality of processing by ensuring the stable rotation of the cutter with a helical cutting edge. The cutting edge of the tool with respect to the axis of the part is set at an angle equal to the sum of the reduced friction angle between the tool material and the material of the part and the angle of elevation of the helix of the cutting edge. 1 il ..

Description

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The invention relates to mechanical engineering and may find application in the processing of materials by cutting with a cutting tool with a helical cutting edge, which receives rotation from a part during the cutting process.

The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of processing by ensuring the stable rotation of the cutter with a helical cutting edge.

The drawing shows a diagram of processing the cutter having a cutting edge, made in the form of a helix.

The method of machining is carried out as follows.

In order to carry out the process of rotary cutting with a cutter 1, an axis 2, located, for example, in a vertical plane (drawing plane), is rotated by an angle w, while the cutter rotates from its contact with the part. In order for the cutting process to take place without vibrations,

in the corner of training i /

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the cutter does not rotate, although the chips and move along the cutting edge. For stable and uniform rotation of the cutter, it is set relative to the axis of the part with the angle of inclination of the cutting edge A equal to

min

. + M% p-.

etc

ten

where ,,

cos

3-3

f is the coefficient of friction between the cutter material and the part; jU is the elevation angle of the helix; f - coefficient of friction between the material

cutter and detail;

- front corner

sharpening the tool, i.e. the angle of inclination of the cutting edge of the cutter when it is installed is increased compared with the angle by the magnitude of the elevation angle of the helix of the cutting edge.

I

Consider the forces acting

on the front surface of the cutter, and op

It is necessary to ensure a steady uniformity of the radar force, which coincides with the nano rotation of the tool. Since the cutter rotates the converging chips, it is necessary to install the cutter so that it has a preferential convergence in the direction of its rotation. In this case, the chips rotate as much as possible. The cutter increases the uniformity of its rotation and there are no vibrations during cutting.

When cutting, the chip encounters a cutting edge 3, which should have a certain inclination with respect to the direction of its movement. Take on the front surface of the 4 cutters 1 piece of chip 5. A piece of chip 5 only moves along the front surface 4 parallel to the plane of the cutting edge 3 in the direction of the speed of rotation of the cutter V- when the angle of inclination of the cutting edge X at its contact with the chip

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equal to or greater than the reduced friction friction angle (jf between the cutter material and the workpiece material 6. The inclination angle of the cutting edge D is the angle between the plane perpendicular to the speed V of the direction of its rotational velocity V vector. and the friction force F. The tangent to the cutting blade of the tool is one of the components of the general friction force F, the force F is directed at an angle f to the direction of the rotational velocity vector Vp. Then from the drawing we find

35.;, In

or, assuming that, where f is the coefficient of friction along the cutting edge, we define P Nf infi.

40 As can be seen, with increasing angle, force P l decreases. Consequently, the force Pf, the rotating tool, is reduced. Therefore, when installing a cutter with a helical cutting edge with an angle of inclination LL, the cutter does not rotate, which is associated with a decrease in the force P, j due to the presence of a screw blade. In order for the cutter to start to rotate steadily with, it is necessary when installing it.

45

50

increase the inclination of the cutting edge along

compared with L (f at the angle of elevation

at the considered point of the cutting chrome-helix of the cutting edge, i.e.

ki incisor, and tangent to the cutting. In this case, the increase in kakromke at this point. The arising forces due to the increase. .

When machining with a chisel that has a angle L, the reduction edge, made in the form of win-

product line with a lifting angle equal to | U and mounted to the part axis with the angles of force P rotating the cutter, due to the presence of the lifting angle p. screw blade. The cutter in this case rotates uniformly without vibrations.

scrap A,

the inclination of the cutting edge, the alignment of the vector V of its rotational speed. On the front surface of the cutter, there are forces: normal N and friction force F. Tangent to the cutting blade of the cutter is one of the components of the general friction force F, force F is directed at an angle f to the direction of its rotational velocity Vp. Then from the drawing we find

5.;, In

or, assuming that, where f is the coefficient of friction along the cutting edge, we define P Nf infi.

0 As can be seen, with an increase in the angle, the force Pl decreases. Consequently, the force Pf, the rotating tool, is reduced. Therefore, when installing a cutter with a helical cutting edge with an angle of inclination LL, the cutter does not rotate, which is associated with a decrease in the force P, j due to the presence of a screw blade. In order for the cutter to start to rotate steadily with, it is necessary when installing it.

five

50

increase the inclination of the cutting edge along

compared with L (f on the rise angle

 ---- -

nor force P rotating the incisor due to the elevation angle p. screw blade. The cutter in this case rotates uniformly without vibrations.

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Formula {method of processing materials by cutting with a cutter, which receives a rotation from a part during the cutting process, according to which the cutting edge of the cutter is set at an angle to the axis of the part, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of processing

x f

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by ensuring a stable rotation of the cutter with a helical cutting edge, the cutting edge of the cutter to the part axis is set at an angle equal to the sum of the reduced friction angle between the cutter material and the material of the part and the elevation angle of the cutting edge helix.

Claims (1)

Claim A method of processing materials by cutting with a cutter that receives rotation from a part during cutting, according to g wherein the cutting edge of the cutter is set at an angle to the axis of the part, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of processing by ensuring stable rotation of the cutter with a helical cutting edge, the cutting edge of the cutter the axis of the part is set at an angle equal to the sum of the reduced angle of friction between the material of the cutter and the material of the part and the angle of elevation of the helical line of the cutting edge.