SU1357407A1 - Reactor for producing acetylene - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of thermal-oxidative pyrolysis of hydrocarbons, to a reactor for the production of acetylene. It allows to increase the yield of acetylene and reliability of the reactor operation due to the fact that the lower output ends of the pipes for the introduction of hydrocarbons and oxygen are located close to each other, and the upper end of the divider is inside the output end of the pipe for the introduction of hydrocarbons. 1 il. 00 ate | four

Description

The invention relates to the thermal-oxidative pyrolysis of hydrocarbons, namely, to obtain acetylene.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the yield of acetylene and the reliability of the reactor.

The figure shows a reactor for producing acetylene, a general view.

The reactor consists of a cylindrical body 1 lined inside with refractory material 2, a ceramic cup 3, a ceramic divider 4 placed in a ceramic cup 3, pipes for separately supplying hydrocarbons 5 and oxygen 6 located in the upper part of the reactor shell 1, a quenching device 7 in the lower body parts.

The reactor operates as follows.

The hydrocarbons and oxygen heated to 650 ° C are supplied to pipes 5 and 6 of a separate supply, by circular thin jets enter the reaction zone, where ignition and diffusion combustion occur. Some of the hydrocarbons react with combustion with oxygen, which leads to the release of large amounts of heat. The remaining hydrocarbon molecules are destroyed. The pyrolysis process occurs. But since the stay of the hydrocarbon molecule in the high temperature zone is calculated in decimal parts of a second, side reactions take place in very small amounts. Ceramic dividers 4 are used to create the indicated conditions of the hydrocarbon molecule in the reaction zones, which prevent the rate of reaction from quenching. in the zone of the reaction channel.

Next, the pyrolysis gas is cooled by the vat fed through the quenching device 7, and through the nozzle 8 comes out

from the reactor. Quenching water through the nozzle 9 is removed from the reactor and after cooling it returns to the gas quenching,

The increase in the yield of the target product is associated with a decrease in the residence time of products in the reaction zone due to the turbulent supply of hydrocarbon and oxygen to the reaction zone.

Intensification of the diffusion pyrolysis process is associated with the presence of a ceramic divider 4, which serves as a dp for creating an annular channel and promotes rapid heating.

reagents, which leads to the stabilization of the combustion process with a short torch and prevents the deposition of soot and tar on the inner surfaces of the reactor.

Increasing the temperature of the gas stream in the near-wall layers by 200-300 ° C in a pre-reactor reactor increases the yield of acetylene by 0%, to 8% in the known reactor,

The absence of a preliminary zone of displacement of oxygen and hydrocarbons increases the reliability of the operation of the reactor.

Formula .. the shadows

Acetylene reactor, containing a cylindrical body with

placed in it by a divider, pipes for introducing oxygen and hydrocarbons, located in the upper part of the body, and a quenching device in the lower part, distinguished by the fact that, in order to increase the output

acetylene and reactor p-reliability, the upper part of the dissector is located inside the outlet end of the hydrocarbon introduction pipe, the output end of which is located between the exit-

the other end of the tube for the introduction of oxygen, and the upper part of the divider.

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Compiled by N. Ruzakova Editor N. Bobkova Tehred M. Khodanich Proofreader G. Reshetnik

5942/22

Circulation 372 Subscription of the USSR State Committee of Higher Education. for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk-nab., d.4 / 5

Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, Projecto st., 4

Claims (1)

Claim Acetylene production reactor, comprising a cylindrical body with a divider placed inside it, 25 for introducing oxygen and hydrocarbons located in the upper part of the body, and a quenching device in the lower part, characterized in that, in order to increase the yield of '40 acetylene and reliability of operation of the reactor and the top of the divider.