SU1354167A1 - Remote-control evaporation soil tank - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to experimental hydrology and can be used for remote measurements of the total evaporation from the soil surface and the penetration of moisture through the soil-soil strata with deep occurrence of groundwater. The remote soil evaporator contains a nest, soil cylinders with load cells and a control unit 22. The inclusion of a software switch 21, a measuring and recording unit 18, another soil cylinder, a control weight and a catchment vessel with similar weight sensors 14 and 15 in the evaporator provides improved accuracy measurements of total evaporation from the soil and leakage of moisture. 1 3.p. f-ly, 2 ill. (L Fi9.2

Description

The invention relates to experimental hydrology and can be used for remote measurements of the total evaporation from the soil surface and the penetration of moisture through the soil and ground strata at a deep (more than 2 m) occurrence of groundwater.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of measuring the total evaporation from the soil and moisture penetration.

Fig. 1 shows a remote soil evaporator; f vertical section in Fig. 2 — a functional diagram of the measurement production.

The remote soil evaporator contains a nest 1 consisting of three rigidly connected bridges of sections J communicating in the lower part by means of hermetic connecting sleeves. In the extreme sections of the weighing sensors 2, counterbalanced by counterweights 3; soil cylinders 4 with monoliths 5 are suspended; pallets 6 with return filters and sumps and drain pipes 7 are tightly attached to the bases of cylinders 4, the ends of which are directed to the water receiving funnels of the conduits 8f supplying water to the water receiving funnels 9 of the Jur installed in the middle section of the nest 1 The catchment vessel 10 is equipped with an air 11 and water intake 12 tubes and is suspended by means of the rod 13 on the weight measuring sensor 14. In the cavity of the middle section of the nest on the weighing sensor 15 is suspended flax load 16 constant known masses The hatch of the central section of slot 1 is overlapped with the top 17, Weight sensors (Fig, 2) of both soil cylinders (2-1 and 2-Il) s of the catch tank and the control load have the same type of characteristics and are associated with a measurement and recording unit 18 including a frequency meter 19 and a recorder 20, which is turned on by the program switch 21, at the command of the control unit 22, consisting of an electronic clock 23 and a sensor 24 of the beginning and termination of precipitation, and transmits the information to the recorder 2 0, For pumping out the condensate, the central section of the socket is provided with a suction pipe 25. The tops of the sections are nests1 1 for

54167. 2

Better vegetation mating in the monoliths of the evaporators and in the surrounding area is provided with removable covers 26.

Remote soil evaporator works as follows

In the process of evaporation of soil moisture, moisture is drained in the monoliths 5 and decreases in their

weight. During precipitation, precipitation, moisture reserves in monoliths 5 and their weight increase, and during heavy precipitations, water leaks into the trays 6 of the evaporators 5, from which water flows through the pipes 7 to the funnels of the conduits 8, and from them into the funnels 9 of the collection vessel 10 , The control unit 22 (FIG. 2) sends a command to the soft switch at the regular observation time specified by the program or at a signal from the sensor 24 for starting and stopping precipitation).

25 21 which connects in a given sequence to the electronic frequency meter 19 load cells 2 soil cylinders 4 catchment vessel 10 and a control

30 loads 16 with the output of measurement results and the time of their production on the technical carrier of the recorder 20 “Leaked evaporator through monoliths and collected with in-assembly

In the vessel 10, water as needed (1-2 times per year) is extracted to the surface with the help of a vacuum pump that is connected to the fitting of the water intake tube 12.

40 control weighing of the pumped out water is carried out in an independent way. The obtained data is used to directly monitor the operation of the weighing sensor 14. In a similar way, the liquid in the central section of the slot I is removed to the surface of the nest I in the sump.

In order to enable the gQ to move from the weight of the monolith 5 or 2 parameters measured by the load cells, directly to the values of the total moisture reserves in monotons of 1 to 5 tons when they are charged are taken

 soil samples for moisture, and the monoliths 5 in the collection are weighed on a platform scale. In the case of long-term charging and installation of evaporators, their monoliths are artificial.

they are saturated with moisture to the smallest capacity, after which they are weighed as an assembly on a platform scale and at the place of installation on load cells.

In contrast to the known devices, using the proposed evaporator, evaporation calculations are carried out according to the formula

In the presence of precipitation, their layer is determined by the increment of the weight of the monoliths of 5 evaporators and the catchment vessel 10 from the beginning to the termination of precipitation by the formula

(f; -f) wk.

 2F

;)

10K 2F

14

(C-C),

where Kj, K-, K - calibration coefficients of the weight measuring sensors of the monoliths 5 of the evaporator and the catchment vessel. " ten;

fS g, f;, f j 5 f, j and f 2 e are the initial and final indications of the load cells of the evaporator monoliths 5 and the catchment vessel respectively

ten;

F is the area of the evaporating surface.

The layer of leaked water (l) is determined by the weight increment of the catchment vessel 10 over the observation period using the formula

t - OKj4 /. - I (f, - fj).

The change in moisture reserves (l) in the monoliths 5 of the evaporator over the period of measurement of evaporation is calculated by the formula:

. “W., - fJj + K,.; (ff 67

Q

-sch

in the case of the control load 15 of the control load 16, significant (beyond the limits of permissible errors) deviations of indications that are important for determining evaporation, leakage and change in moisture reserves, measured final values

I About 1A

f, f and f are corrected by multiplying by a factor of 1, numerically

15

equal to

Claims (2)

G formula of invention 20 1. A remote soil evaporator containing a nest with a soil cylinder placed in it suspended on a weighing sensor and provided with a tray with drain pipes 25, a control unit characterized in that in order to improve the accuracy of measurement of total evaporation from the soil and leakage of moisture, it contains a program switch, a measuring and recording unit and a catchment vessel, the evaporator socket is made of at least three rigidly interconnected sections, in two 25 of which are soil cylinders with load cells, and in the third section control cargo and water 40 are assembled on similar load cells connected to a collection vessel connected to the drain pipes of soil settlers, and weight sensors of soil cylinders of a catchment vessel are connected to the inlets 45 of the program switch connected by the control input to the code of the control unit, and the output to the input of the measuring and recording unit. 2. The evaporator according to claim 1, about 50 tons and 50 in that it contains a sensor for the start and end of precipitation connected to the control unit. Editor. N. Bobkova Compiled by T. Zadvorn Tehred L. Serdyukova Proofreader C, Shekmar Order 5691/42 Circulation 863 Subscription VNIIGSh of the USSR State Committee for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5 Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, Projecto st., 4 Fie1 2b