SU1351920A1 - Method of obtaining surface-active substances as antistatic and finishing means for chemical fibres - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to surface-active substances (surfactants) based on disodium salts of alkyl derivatives of sulfo-succinic acids, which can be used as components for detergent compositions. The antistatic effect and lowering the freezing point of the target product is achieved by carrying out sulfonation of alkylmenates (obtained by treating aliphatic alcohols with 7–9 carbon atoms or ethoxylated aliphatic alcohols with 7–18 carbon atoms with maleic anhydride) with an aqueous solution of sodium sulfite in the presence of polyethylene glycol a pier m 160-220, taken in an amount of 50-100% by weight of water contained in an aqueous solution of sodium sulfate. New surfactants have the best antistatic properties, their specific electrical resistance J (1.6-9.6). 10 "ohm vs 10 2 ohm dl for known surfactants and a lower freezing point (-24) - (-28) ° C (versus 0 - (- 12) ° C for known surfactants). 1 tab. and 9 cl oo ate X) to

Description

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of improved surface-active substances (surfactants) based on the di-sodium salts of alkyl derivatives of sulphatic acid, which can be used as antistatic and finishing agents for chemical fibers.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the antistatic effect and lower the freezing point of the target product, which is achieved by carrying out the sulfonation of alkyl maleates obtained by treating aliphatic alcohols with 7–9 carbon atoms or ethoxylated aliphatic alcohols with 7–18 carbon atoms with maleic anhydride, an aqueous solution of sodium sulfate the presence of polyethylene glycol mol. May 160-220% by weight of 50-100% by weight, based on the mass of water contained in the aqueous solution of sodium sulfite.

The invention is illustrated by the following examples. Example 1. In a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer under reflux, 65 g (0.5 mol) of the alcohols of the С-Сп fraction are charged, then 49.03 g (0.5 mol) of maleic anhydride are added with stirring, the reaction mass is heated to 65 + 5 ° C and kept under stirring for 2 hours to obtain the final product with an acid number of 230-250 mg KOH / G (the calculated acid number of 245.6 mg con / g). 114.03 g (0.5 moL) of alkyl maleate are obtained. 118 g of PEG mm 160 (50 wt.%) Are added to the obtained alkyl meleinates and 66 g (0.525 g) of sodium sulfite are sulphurised in 236 ml of water at 65 + 5 ° C for 2 hours. The product is obtained in the form of a white paste with an acid number not more than 10, freezing point.

Example 2. Analogously to example 1 of 130.6 g (0.5 mol) of oxyethylated alcohols of the Cj-Cg fraction with degree of oxyethylation of n 3 and 49.05 (0.5 mol) of maleic anhydride, 78 g of the corresponding alkyl maleate with acid number is obtained 150-170 mg KOH / G (calculated acid number l, 155.6 mg KOH / g). Then, 115.5 g of PEG mol. Mass 220 are added to the resulting alkyl maleinate.

(50 wt.%) And sulphurised with Na sulfite 65.4 g (0.55 mol) in 231 ml of water. Get the bottom in the form of a solution, not

exfoliating, with an acid number of not more than 10, the freezing point.

Example 3. Analogously to example 1 of 181.4 g (0.5 mol) of ethoxyethylene alcohols of fraction С ,, -C, j with п 4 and 49.03 (0.5 mol) of maleic anhydride (estimated acid number 121.5 mg / KOH / g) will receive 225 g of alkyl maleate with acid number

120-150 mg KOH / H. The yield is 97.6%. Then, 229.4 g (100 wt.%) Of PEG mm 160 was added to the obtained alkyl maleate. Sulfuric sulfate of Na was 64.7 g (0.51 mol) in 229.4 ml. Get

the bottom in the form of a homogeneous paste with an acid number of not more than 10 mg KOH / g. The freezing temperature is -20 ° C.

Example 4. Analogously to example 1 of 187.8 g (0.3 mol) of ethoxylated alcohols of the C-C fraction with n 10 and 21.7 g (0.3 mol) of maleic anhydride to obtain the final product with an acid number of 70-80 mg KOH / g (calculated acid

the number of 77.3 mg KOH / g). 212 g of alkyl maleate are obtained. The yield is 97.6%. Then, when sulfonating, 68.3 g of PEG mm 220 (50 wt.%) Are added to the reaction mass. The sulfonation is carried out

sodium sulfite 38.5 g (0.3 mol) in 136.5 g HjO. Get DNS in the form of a non-layered ready-to-use solution, with an acid number of not more than 10 mg KOH / g, freezing temperature -24 ° C,

Example 5 (comparative). 65 g (0.5 mol) alcohols of the Cj – Cj fraction are charged to a three-necked flask equipped with a baffle and reflux condenser, then 51.5 g (0.525 mol) of maleic anhydride (maleic anhydride) is added with stirring with 5% in excess). The reaction temperature is 70-90 ° C. Maleination is terminated upon reaching the calculated ACID number of 245.6 mg KOH / g. Obtain 114.03 g (0.5 mol) of alkyl maleate, which is neutralized with sodium hydroxide solution 20 g (0.5 mol) and then treated with a solution of bisulfite I of 54.6 g (0.525 mol) at. Get the DNS in the form of an unstable solution, stratifying when cooled, the reaction

mass, with a freezing point of about.

Example 6. Analogously to Example 5, out of 130.8 g (0.5 mol) of oxyethylated alcohols of the Cy-Cj fraction with degree of oxyethylation of p 3 and 49.03 g (0.5 mol) of maleic anhydride, 178 g of the corresponding alkyl maleate with acid number 155.6 mg KOH / g, which is neutralized with caustic soda 20 g (0.5 mol) and then treated with a solution of sodium bisulfite 54.6 g (0.525 mol) with Obtained DNS in the form of a non-stratifying solution with an acid number of not more than 10 mg KOH / H, freezing temperature -12 C, ready to eat.

Example 7. Analogously to Example 5, out of 65.2 g (0.5 mol) of the C, –C 3 fraction alcohols of the second uninterrupted and 51.5 g (0.525 mol) of maleic anhydride, 114.0 g (0.5 mol) of alkyl maleate are obtained. which is neutralized with a solution of sodium hydroxide 20 g (0.5 mol) and then treated with a solution of sodium bisulfite with 54.6 g (0.525 mol) at 70 ° C. Get the DNS in the form of a stratifying solution while cooling the reaction mass with a freezing point of 0 ° C.

Example 8. Analogously to example 5, out of 128.0 g (0.5 mol) of the alcohols of the Cj-Cj fraction of 11 are neutral with an oxyethylation degree of 3 and 49.03 g (0.5 mol) of maleic anhydride, 175 g of the corresponding alkyl maleinate are obtained. acid number 157.6 mg KOH / G, which is neutralized with sodium hydroxide solution 20 g (0.5 mol) and then treated with sodium bisulfite solution with 54.6 g (0.525 mol) at 70 ° C. Get DNS in the form of non-layering solution with a freezing point of -10 ° C, ready for use.

The function of the main substance is equally carried by DNS and PEG. The yield of the target product in all examples // 100%. The composition of the target product is as follows.

Example 1. Content,%: DNS 33.1; PEG 22.1; HgO 44.2; 0.6.

Example. Content,%: DNS 40.8; PEG 19.6; HgO 39.2, NajSOj 0.4.

0

five

0

50

5 5

Na SOj

bottom 55,0

Example DNS 47.7 NgO

Example DNS 55.1;

PRI me R 3, Content,%: DNS 38.6; PEG 30.6; 30.6;

0.2.

Example 4. Content,%: PEG 15.0; 30.0.

5. Content,%: 51,5; NaHSOj 0.8.

6. Content,%: 44,2; 0.7.

Example 7. Content,%: DNS 42.3; HgO 57.0; NaHSOj 0.7.

PRI mme R- 8. Content,%: DNS 49.6, 49.8; NaHSOj 0.6.

The surfactant properties of new surfactants are assessed by removing the surface tension isotherm on a Rebinder device using the method of maximum bubble pressure. To assess the wetting properties, 1% aqueous solutions are prepared and the wetting angle of the polyamide or polyester film is determined by the sitting drop method.

To determine the antistatic properties of new surfactants, a 6% aqueous solution is prepared, which is applied using an applicator to a 29-tex polyamide yarn in an amount of 0.6% by weight of the yarn. The treated filament was incubated for 24 hours, the specific electrical resistance of the treated filament was determined on the device YuN-1.

Data on the properties of the proposed - compounds in comparison with known analogues are given in the table.

From the data in the table it is seen that the products obtained by the proposed method have better antistatic properties (f 10) and for liquid products lower freezing point (-24) - (- 28) С,

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A method of producing surfactants as antistatic and finishing agents for chemical fibers by treating aliphatic alcohols with 7-9 carbon atoms or. ethoxylated aliphatic alcohols with 7-18 carbohydrate atoms, maleic anhydride, followed by sulfonation with an aqueous solution of sodium sulfite, which is also characterized by the fact that, in order to increase the antistatic effect and freeze the freezing point of the target product, sulfonation is carried out i in the presence of polyethylene glycol with Editor M.Nedoluzhenko Compiled by T.Vlasova Tehred L. Serdyukova Proofreader M. Maksimishinets Order 5537/20 Circulation 372Subscription VNIIPI USSR State Committee for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5 Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4 i 13519206. a pier 160-220 in the amount of 50-100% by weight of the mass of water contained in an aqueous solution of sodium sulphite.