SU1348516A1 - Method and apparatus for monitoring the state of rock - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the 1 st promot and is intended for the dynamic dynamics of G1p () c. 1eniya rock. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of state determination. The stress state of the rock is preliminarily estimated by determining the total number of signals (C,) of disintegration for a given time interval. Divide C into single and group. Register the number of single or FIG. subsoil C. But the ratio between the total number of C and single or group with a judge of the state of sustainability. In this way, by reducing the share of solitary or increasing the share of group s in the total number of C, a decrease in the stability of the rock is determined. To implement the method, use is made of a device containing a sensor 1 connected in series, a filter 2, an amplifier 3, a driver (F) 4 input C, counter 5, timer 6, counter 7 single signals, selector 8 single C. The latter consists of nerve 9 and second 13 F strobe, control time counter 10, element NOT 11, first 12 and second 15 elements And and trigger 14. Sensor 1 converts With damage 1 into electric C, which is fed through filter 2 and amplifier 3 to input F 4, which forms from each With the destruction of the rectangular impulse. It enters the counter 5 and the selector 8. At the same time, the F 9 forms at the moment of the end of the output pulse with the F 4 a short gate pulse arriving at the input of the installation in the "About counter 10. 2 s. and 2 3. p. f-ly, 2 ill. e (L with 4 00 O1 O5

Description

And: “) Bregafer refers to the study of the stress state and the properties of rocks by geophysical methods and can be applied in the mining industry in the study and prediction of dynamic manifestations of rock pressure.

The aim of the invention is to improve the reliability of determining the state of the mountains}

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a device implementing an 11ld method; in fig. 2 - time diagrams of signals in the following points of the block diagram; a - output ampl. h i5; 6 shaper output 4 input signal; n the output of the first () 1H) shaper 9 gate; g - vyghod counter 10 control time; d output: 1 1 NOT; cB1, the first element 12 And; The output of the second generator: 13 strobe; :; output) and 14; and the output of the second element 15 I.

The device for determining the state of the rock includes a sensor 1 connected in series. Filter 2, amplifier 3, input driver 4, counter 5) the number of signals, a timer (, single signal counter 7, single signal selector 8, and selectors 8 single signals are connected, respectively, to the output of the formative 1 4 input signal and the input of the counter 7 single signals, cpa,; 1R) 1IIY input which is connected to the second output of the 6 type.

The selector 8 odipochy signals contains the nerve formatirovat1 9 strobe, counter K) control time, e, 1st 11 NO, first 1) 1st e, 1st} gy 12 I, the second shaper 13 strobe, TjiHrrep 14 and the second element 15 And, and the input the nerve element 12I is the input of the ce, 1 of the vector 8 and is connected to the input of the first formate, t 9 of the gate, the output of which is connected to the input of the counter K) control time, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second element 15 I, the input of the second imager 13 of the gate and the input element 11 is NOT, the output of which is connected to the first input the first element 12 And, the output of which is connected to the second input of the trigger 14, the first input of which is connected to the B1 1 input of the second generator 13 of the gate, and the output connected to the second input of the second element 15 And, the output of which is the output of the selector 8.

The method is carried out with,; 1) in this way.

Node by the action of pressure in a rock occurs its destruction and the formation of microcracks, which are accompanied by the emission of acoustic and electromagnetic signals (acoustic and electromagnetic emission). To assess the stress state of the mountain rock, the total (total) number of destruction signals for a given interval is determined.

0

Time .Vo. However, in the same stress state, the degree of shock hazard of the rock may be different. It depends on its mechanical properties and structure. With a higher degree of impact, the stability of the rock decreases, and the process of forming group disruption signals increases, and the number of single signals decreases. Thus, to assess the stability of the state of the rock, the signals are divided into single and group, the number of single signals is determined. V ,,,, or group signals iV, and then estimate the proportion of single or group signals in the total number of signals, for example, the ratios V ,, / jV, j ,, or Nn / Nf. And to reduce to. Single or an increase in the proportion of group signals in the total number of signals determines the decrease in stability of the rock.

0 The device works with the following way. Sensor 1 converts breakdown signals (for example, automatic and electromagnetic signals) into electrical signals, which through filter 2 and amplification. 3 arrive

 The 4th output (xth. () signal. The last of each destruction signal (Diagram a) forms a square impulse (Diagram b). The output of the 4th impulse generator) is sent to the input of the 5 pinch of the general co signals and

Q to the input of the selector 8 single signals. The first gate driver 9 at the moment of termination of the output pulse of the driver 4 generates a short gate pulse (diagram n), which is fed to the input of the installation in the “About counter 10 control”

5 times. The counter K) of the control time after the termination of each strobe pulse arriving at its input is set to " O and starts counting the time. If the time interval between two adjacent strobe pulses of the large control

0 time t, then the counter 10, counting to /, forms a log of its output on its output. "I, which will be maintained until the next strobe pulse arrives (g diagram). At the moment of changing the state of the output of the counter 10 from" 1 to ", the second driver of the strobe 13 forms the strobe pulse of the trigger 14 setting to" 1 (g diagram). Thus, the trigger 14 will be set to the state "1 after the end of some signal times) in the event that

Q if during the pro-interval of time greater than t, no other signals were recorded before the arrival of this signal (Diagram 3). This signal will be single if the next signal arrives after a period of time greater than t. In this case, at the moment

5 signal arrival (diagram b, point 1) at the first input of the first element 12 And the potential of the log will act. “O (diagram d, the first element 12 And will be closed.

five

and the signal.ch from the output of the imaging unit 4 will not arrive through the first element 12 And to the second input (installation in “O”) of the trigger 14. Thus, the second element 15 And will be opened, and the signal from the output of the counter 10 control time through the second element 15 And will arrive at the input of the counter 7 single signals.

In the case when some signal arrives after a period of time less than /, after the previous signal (diagram b, point 2), the first element 12 I is open, and the signal from the output of driver 4 is fed to the second input (set in "O) of the trigger 14 (diagram e), Signal log. “About from the output of the trigger 14 closes the second element And 15, and the signal from the output of the counter K) of the control time does not pass to the input of the counter 7 of single signals.

The value is selected by conducting comparative studies on the shock-hazardous and non-hazardous parts of the mountain rock massif.

Timer 6 is used to stop the counters 5 and 10 after the end of the measurement time.

As a specific example of the application of this method, we consider its use; 11 in the situation of the Succes of the Donets coal basin, where the method of reducing the impact hazard of rocks surrounding the excavation is applied by conducting a protective excavation over the overlying formation.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of this measure is carried out in the following way. P) and using the proposed method in the development of a lower formation, the reservoir measures the parameter of interest.

Nanometer, z-measured, the number of digestion signals during the measurement time of 10 minutes is. V ,, 120, and the number of single signals -. „,, 70, with

/ V - After the event

To reduce the impact hazard, measurements are repeated. For example, at the same measurement time, 18, / V ,,, j 90, V ,, // V ,,, 1.33 are obtained.

Thus, after carrying out the measure, the value of the parameter L ,, remains almost at the same level. And the ratio of .V ,, / jVy ,, decreases (the state of the rock has become more stable), which indicates a decrease in the degree of impact hazard.

0

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

Claims (4)

1. A method of determining the state of a rock, based on the stress state, by determining the total amount of a rupture signal for a given time interval, characterized in that, in order to improve the reliability of the state determination, the signals are divided into single and multiple, the number of single or group signals is recorded, and the stability state is determined from the ratio between the total number of signals and single or group signals. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that a decrease in the stability of the rock is determined by a decrease in the proportion of single signals or an increase in the share of group signals in the total number of signals. 3. A device for determining the state of the rock, including a series-connected sensor, filter, amplifier, input driver and total signal counter, whose control input is connected to the first timer output, characterized in that it is equipped with a single signal counter and a single selector signals, the input and output of the single signal selector are connected respectively to the output of the input signal generator and the input of the single signal counter, the control input of which is connected n to the second output of the timer. 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the single signal selector comprises a first gate driver, a control time counter, a HE element, a first AND element, a second strobe generator, a trigger, and a second element AND, the input of the first AND element the selector input and is connected to the input of the nerve gate generator, the output of which is connected to the input of the control time counter, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second element And, the input of the second gate fi mr and the input of the element NO, the output of which is connected n to a first input of a first AND gate whose output is connected to a second input latch having a first input connected to the output of the second shaper strobe output connected to a second input of the second AND gate, whose output is vyhodo.m selector. k I I L-, FIG. 2