SU1335229A1 - Method of preparing feed for fish - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to fish industry and is used for feed preparation. The invention makes it possible to increase the rate of growth and survival of fish by reducing the content of alkaloids. Tapered oil meal and grain of cereal crops in the ratio 1: 1, pre-moistened with 40% aqueous formalin solution in the amount of 0.4-0.5% by weight are introduced into the feed formulation. The wetted mixture is sent to a press extruder, then ground and mixed with the rest of the feed components. 3 tab. with SD

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to fish industry, in particular to methods for preparing feed, and can be used in the feed industry.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the growth rate and survival rate of fish by syi-, altering the alkaloid content in the feed.

The method is carried out as follows.

For the preparation of fish feed, components are selected according to the recipe with the introduction of castor meal and grains of cereals, for example wheat.

The mixing of castor oilseed meal and wheat grains in a 1: 1 ratio is carried out in a dosing mixer, where a 40% aqueous solution of formalin is sprayed at the same time through a nozzle at the rate of 0.4-0.5% by weight. From the storage hopper, the moistened mixture is fed to the press extruder, then from

processed by casting oil casting - the main waste material, and in a 2: 1 ratio - the mixture is not extruded.

The dosage of a 40% formin solution below 0.4% does not yet provide the necessary reduction in

alkaloids in the raw materials, and above 0.5% leads to an indefinite waste of the substance without a significant increase in the positive effect and, moreover, due to the volatility of formalin, the working conditions of the staff are deteriorating.

In tab. Figure 1 shows the change in the content of alkaloids in a natural (not processed) and processed mixture of grains of cereals and gum-sized grist (1: 1), extruded with different dosages of 10% formalin.

The results table. 1 indicate a decrease in alkaloids in the plant

crushed in a crusher and after the dosage components of the feed (ricin 139.3 van with the remaining components is fed to the pellet press. The resulting granules are sent to the destination.

The reduction of the toxicity of alkaloids of plant components and the increase in biological value occurs due to the processing of tick-meal and grains of cereals with 40% formalin before extrusion. Ricin and ricinin of castor-oil cake at high temperature and pressure in the presence of formalin, when destroyed, eliminate the formation of decomposition reaction products that stop the growth and development of fish.

The preparation of a mixture of castor meal and wheat grains is a prerequisite for the extrusion process, and the introduction of formalin to neutralize the alkaloids. Formaldehyde in the course of the deposition process causes the coagulation of protein alkaloids and they lose the activity that negatively affects the living organism. The ratio of 1: 1 castor-like meal and grains of cereals and the introduction of 0., 4-0.5% by weight of 40% formalin is optimal for the implementation of the neutralized action of alkaloids.

A mixture of castor oil and wheat in a 1: 2 ratio is not rational to extrude, since this significantly reduces the amount of exposure to

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processed by casting oil casting - the main waste material, and in a 2: 1 ratio - the mixture is not extruded.

The dosage of 40% formalin solution below 0.4% does not yet provide the necessary reduction in

alkaloids in the raw materials, and above 0.5% leads to an indefinite waste of the substance without a significant increase in the positive effect and, moreover, due to the volatility of formalin, the working conditions of the staff are deteriorating.

In tab. Figure 1 shows the change in the content of alkaloids in a natural (not processed) and processed mixture of grains of cereals and gum-sized grist (1: 1), extruded with different dosages of 10% formalin.

The results table. 1 indicate a decrease in alkaloids in plant -.

0.22 mg%).

In tab. 2 presents the indicators of physiological and biochemical evaluation of feed obtained using

a mixture of castor oil meal and grains of cereals, treated with 40% formalin.

Biochemical analysis of food obtained by the proposed method, shows that significant changes in the content of protein, fat, ash and fiber does not occur compared with the known method.

When analyzing the morphological composition of the blood of carp yearlings grown on the stern obtained by the known and proposed methods, reliable differences in the hemoglobin, erythrocyte and leukocyte contents were found between them. In the blood of fish suspended at the stern according to the proposed method, the content of blood corpuscles did not go beyond the physiological norm.

In tab. 3 shows fish production and household indicators for feeding fish with forage with castor oil and grain of cereals. - The results indicate an increase in the rate of growth and survival of fish.

Example 1. To produce 1 ton of feed comprising 70% of an extruded mixture of castor oilcake and

wheat grains, 15% fish meal and 15% fodder yeast, take 350 kg of castor oil seed meal and 350 kg of wheat, during the dosing process they are moistened by spraying 2.8 liters (0.4% by weight) of 40% by weight into it. formalin solution and dirate. After extrusion, the mixture is crushed in crushers and fed to a mixer, where the remaining 150 kg (15%) of fish meal and 150 kg (15%) of fodder yeast are added simultaneously. The mixture is thoroughly mixed, fed to a press granulator with a rotating ring matrix. The cooled granules are directed to the finished product tanks.

15 A method of preparing fish feed, which includes mixing ingredients with the introduction of tick-borne meal and grains of cereal crops, which is characterized by the fact that, in order to increase the growth rate and survival of fish by reducing the content of alkaloids in the feed, tinned meal and cereal grains taken in a 1: 1 ratio and before the introduction

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Example 2. To produce 1 ton of the same feed, comprising 70% of an extruded mixture of castor oilseed and wheat grains, 15% of fish meal, 15% of wheat grains and 15% of fodder yeast, take 350 kg of mite-25 and mix and moisten A0% -number of wine meal and 350 kg of wheat grains, an aqueous solution of formalin extruded, pre-wetting 0.4-0.5% by weight of the mixture and its field of 0.5 l (0.5% by weight) of 40% extruded.

Table 1

0.0 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6

formalin water solutions. After extrusion, the mixture is ground in crushers and fed to a mixer, to which 150 kg (15%) of fish meal and 150 kg (15%) of fodder yeast are added. The thoroughly mixed mixture is fed to a press grain holder with a rotating annular matrix. The cooled grains are directed to the finished product tanks.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula 5 A method of preparing fish feed, which includes mixing ingredients with the introduction of tartan meal and grains of cereal crops, which is characterized by the fact that, in order to increase the growth rate and survival of fish by reducing the content of alkaloids in the feed, tinkered meal and cereal grains taken in a 1: 1 ratio and before the introduction 0 5 mix and wet the mixture with an A0% formalin aqueous solution of 0.4-0.5% by weight of the mixture and extrude. 39.7. 0.50 0.41 0.22 0.20 Content of nutrients in feed,%: Fish planted, pieces Average mass of carp at the beginning of growing, g You put fish at the end of the experience table 2 400 400 400 70 70 70 400 400 400 Average carp mass after 30 days of cultivation, g Yield,% Growth, g The cost of feed for the increase in the weight of the mass, kg / kg Compiled by T. Krasyukova Editor N. Rogulich Tehred V. Kadar Proofreader A.T. 3992/5 Circulation 627. Subscription VNIIPI USSR State Committee for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5 Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4 . 118119 100,100 4849 3.0 3.13.1