SU1332442A2 - Device for checking the relay protection - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular, to a relay station for electrical equipment. The purpose of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of control by bouncing a signal on blocking protection only when damage occurring in the controlled protection scheme that is dangerous from the point of view of unnecessary and false positives. In case of damage to the controlled cassette, the sum of the control tapes of the controllable cassettes to the control points of the ovary control / removable cassette disagree. On blocking the protection — lg g (L

Description

The data points by the routing blocks 49.50 are connected to the inputs of the corresponding polarity of the adders 44, 45,

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The invention relates to electrical engineering, is intended to monitor the health of nodes, blocks, modules, cassettes and relay protection circuits made on active semiconductor elements, amplifiers, logic circuits in a microchip design and is an improvement of the known device according to the author. St. № 1П32513.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the control efficiency by issuing a signal to block the protection of tol) K when the damage to the scheme of controlled protection of damage dangerous from the point of view of excessive and false alarms occurs.

SRI.

The drawing shows a structural schematic of the device for monitoring the operability of the relay protection.

The device contains input adders 1-3, the number of which is equal to the number of monitored cassettes of the main protection device, intended for summing the input signals of the device. The main inputs of the adders 1-3 are connected to the control points of the respective controlled first cassettes. Input adders are designed so that the inputs through balanced resistors 4 are connected to the inverting input of the amplifier 5 in the microcircuit design, the output of which is the output of the input adder 1. The feedback resistor 6 connected between the output of the amplifier 5 and its inverting input is designed to limit the gain amplifier 5, and the resistor 7 connected between the non-inverting input of amplifier 5 and the neutral wire, is designed to compensate for the drift of the zero amplifier 5. Resistor 8 connected between the terminals and the source power supply in conjunction with a balanced resistor 9 connected between the resistor motor 8 and the non-inverting

but only if the damage is dangerous from the point of view of excessive and false positives. 1 il.

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input of amplifier 5, designed to balance amplifier 5 to zero.

Input adders 2 and 3 are made similar to the input adder 1. The outputs of the input adders 1-3 are connected to the inputs of the selective display unit 10, designed to indicate a damaged cassette. Each of the inputs of the selective display unit 10 is connected to a two-pole Zener diode 11 via a button 12 for connecting the corresponding input of the unit 10 to the Zener diode 11, which is designed to block the signal less than its stabilization threshold value. Chains of a series-connected button and a balanced resistor 13 and 14, connected between the power supply terminals and the zener diode 11, are designed to check the health of the unit 10. The resistor 15, connected between the second output of the zener diode 11 and the neutral wire, is used to separate the signals exceeding the threshold stabilization of the stabilitron 11.

A balance resistor 16, connected by a single pin to Zener diode 11, is designed together with capacitors 17 and 18 to smooth the positive and negative polarity signals, which are separated by diodes 19 and 20, connected between the second output of the resistor 16 and the main terminals of the capacitors 17 and 18, respectively . The second terminals of the capacitors 17 and 18 are connected to the neutral wire. The main terminals of the capacitors 17 and 18 are connected respectively to the base of the transistors 21 and 22, designed to work in the key mode. Chains 23 and 24 of the series-connected LED and the ballast resistor connected between the collectors of the transistors 21 and 22 and the terminals of the pick-up source of the operation of the block 10.

The inputs of the input adders are connected to the inputs of the elements OR 25 and 26, which are intended to isolate large signals arriving at their inputs. The inputs of the element 25 through the diodes 27, designed to separate the signals by the sign, are connected to the main terminal of the resistor 28, the second terminal of which is connected to the neutral wire. The resistor 28 is designed to isolate more of the negative polarity signals arriving at the inputs of the element 25, its main output being the output of the element OR 25.

The inputs of the element 26 through diodes 29, designed to separate the signals by sign, are connected to the main terminal of the resistor 30, the second terminal of which is connected to the neutral wire. The resistor 30 is designed to allocate the largest of the signals arriving at the inputs of the element 26 along the positive field of the body; its main output is the output of the OR 26 element.

The outputs of the elements 25 and 26 are connected- 30 Devices.

A yen to the inputs of the rectifier-com- unit is a verification element 43, a representative 31, intended for electrical buttons, checking the signals arriving at its inputs and comparing the received signal with the threshold. Each of the inputs of the element 31 is connected to the neutral wire through dividers 32 and

33, respectively, consisting of two series-connected resistors and designed to provide normal operation of the amplifier 34 (in a microcircuit version - a comparator). Average dot divider

32 is connected to the inverting and the middle point of the divider 33 to the non-inverting input of the amplifier 34. Between the non-inverting input of the amplifier

34 and a negative terminal of the power supply includes a resistor 35 designed to create a threshold for the operation of the comparator, which is used as an amplifier 34. The output of the latter is connected to the neutral wire through a chain of a series-connected balanced resistor 36 and a diode 37 intended to shunt the negative signal removed from the output amplifier 34. A capacitor 38 is connected in parallel with diode 37, which, together with resistor 36, is designed to smooth the positive polarity signal It is connected to the diode 37. The common point of the resistor 36, the diode 37, the capacitor 38 is connected to the base of the transistor 39, designed for operation in the emitter follower mode. An AO chain of series-connected ballast resistors and an LED is connected between the emitter of transistor 39 and the neutral wire to signal the operation of the element 31. Parallel to the chain 40 is connected to the relay coil with sealed coitators 41 for electrical circuit separation. Relay contacts 41 are the output of block 31.

The output of block 31 is connected to the input of a time delay element 42, as which any standard time delay element can be used, for example any of the available time relays in the order of 12-15 seconds. Element 42 is designed to create a time delay in the output circuit of the device, its output is output

Neither of which are connected to the clamping power source MaNfn, and the others are the outputs of the element 43, designed to check the operability of the device itself to monitor the health of the relay protection. The outputs of the test element A3 are connected to the inputs of the adders 1-3, 44 and 45, each of which, through chains of series-connected diodes and balanced resistors 46 and 47, intended to separate the signals, are connected to the inverting inputs of the corresponding sili- teles 48.

The inputs of the wiring blocks 49 and 50 intended for switching during the installation of the jumper device between the respective terminals and the output terminals connected to the inputs of the input adder 1. The wiring blocks 49 and 50 can be made either in the form of standard plates to connect the corresponding input to either one of the two outputs, or in the form of sockets on a printed circuit board, between which the necessary jumpers are soldered during the installation process.

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The inputs of adders 44 and 45, intended for summing the signals arriving at them with the corresponding signs, are connected to the corresponding outputs of the wiring blocks 49 and 50. The adder 44 is made according to the standard circuit of the amplifier 48 in the microcircuit isp. (Resistance 51) connects the non-inverting input of the amplifier 48 to the inputs of the adder 44, and the resistors 52 connect the inverting input of the amplifier 48 to the corresponding inputs of the adder 44. The rest of the adder 44 is similar. adder 1. Adder 45 is also made according to the same scheme.

The inputs of a diode-resistor element OR 53, designed to perform a logical operation, are connected to the combined outputs of adders 44 and 45 and other, similar,

Element OR 53 is made according to the standard scheme.

The input of the rectifier-comparator unit 54 intended to form the output signal in the event that the input signal exceeds the trigger threshold of the comparator rectifier is connected to the output of the element OR 53.

Rectifier-comparator 54 is made similarly to Rectifier-comparator 31, but in block 54, only one input is connected to the inverting input of amplifier 55 operating in comparator mode. The purpose of the elements 56-61 corresponds to the purpose of the elements 32, 33, 35, 38, 37 and 36, respectively. venno. The block 54 includes a transistor 62 operating in the emitter follower mode. An emitter LED is connected to the emitter circuit 63 of the transistor 62 to indicate the triggered state of the comparator

55, and the corresponding ballast resistors are unchanged in magnitude. This circuit includes a winding of a small-sized relay 64 intended for electrical separation of the circuits and connecting the output of the time latch element 42 to the protection blocking unit via the contacts of the relay 64.

Device for control of relay protection works as follows.

no direct current voltage. When setting up the device, they are balanced by a signal from a resistor 9 (and similar resistors in other amplifiers).

After that, the device for monitoring the health of the relay protection is ready for operation.

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Before switching the device into operation, a detailed analysis is made of the behavior of the monitored relay when the signals at the control points change in this or the other direction from their steady-state value in the duty mode. If a change in the signal to more positive values is dangerous from the point of view of false or unnecessary protection, then through an overlay or jumper in block 49, the input corresponding to the control point under consideration is connected to the output connected to one of the chains of resistors 52. If From the point of view of unnecessary and false positives of protection is only a change in the signal towards more negative values, then the corresponding input of block 49 is connected with a pad or jumper with an output connected to one chains of resistors 51.

If, from the point of view of surplus and false positives, any change in the signal at the control point is dangerous, one patch, as described above, is set up in block 49, and the other, unstripping, in block 50, but only in block 50, the input is connected to the output of the opposite field (for example, in block 49, the overlay is installed in the direction of the resistors 52, then in block 50, a similar overlay is installed in the direction of the resistors 51).

After that, the device can be set up to monitor the relay protection, for which it is usually sufficient to apply a voltage from a DC power source to the protection, as a result of which the voltages typical of the active elements (microcircuits, transistors, etc.) are set. for duty protection mode.

Signals at control points of monitored cassettes on duty

no direct current voltage. When setting up the device, they are balanced by a signal from a resistor 9 (and similar resistors in other amplifiers).

After that, the device for monitoring the health of the relay protection is ready for operation.

In the watchdog mode of monitored protection, with serviceable and properly tuned monitored cassettes, the voltage at the outputs of all adders 1-3, 44, and 45 remains close to zero. The block 10 is separated from the rest of the circuit by buttons and does not work, the comparators 34 and 55 are in an idle state, the transistors 39 and 62 in the blocks 31 and 54 are closed, the relays 41 and 64 are in an idle state. There are no signals at the outputs of the element 42 and the block 54, the LEDs of the chains 40 and 63 in the blocks 31 and 54 are not illuminated

Due to temperature and other permissible changes in the parameters of the elements of both the monitored circuit and the control device, in the duty mode of the monitored protection at the outputs of the adders 1, 44 and 45, the voltage can be small. These voltages through the elements OR 25, 26, and 53 arrive at the inputs of the comparators 34 and 55, but do not trigger them, since the response threshold of these comparators is chosen with a margin greater than such unbalance voltages.

If a controlled cassette is damaged, at which the voltage at a controlled point or several points changes significantly, the input adder 1 of the corresponding cassette is unbalanced and a voltage appears at its output. If this voltage has a positive polarity, it passes through the OR 26 element to the non-inverting input of comparator 34, which is part of unit 31, and seeks to put the comparator 34 into the activated state, t, e, to cause a positive polarity signal at its output. If a negative signal is removed from the code of amplifier 5, it goes through the element OR 25 to the inverting input of the comparator 34 and also tries to put the comparator 34 into the activated state. If the signal arriving at comparator 34 exceeds its threshold, the comparator is activated and a positive polarity appears at its output. This signal is smoothed by a chain consisting of a resistor 36 and a capacitor 38 and is fed to the base of the transistor 39, which opens, resulting in a contact 4

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the relay and the LED of the circuit 40 begins to light. The contacts of the relay 41 close the time delay element 42, which, after 10–15 s, generates a signal to the control panel Malfunction of the protection circuits.

After a signal appears on the control panel Malfunction of the protection circuits, the maintenance crew must detect the damaged cassette and replace it with a working one. In order to do this, it is necessary to approach the relay and make sure that the LED 40, i.e. the control device actually acted on the signal. After that, you should alternately press the buttons 12 in the block 10 of the selective display belonging to all monitored cassettes. When pressing the button corresponding to the damaged cassette, one of the LEDs of the circuit 23 or 24 starts to glow. You have thus detected the faulty cassette to be replaced with a working one.

If the monitored cassette is damaged, not only adder 1 but also adders 44 and 45 are mismatched if they receive a signal from the test point or those points where the voltage has changed. Since the test points through the wiring blocks 49 and 50 are connected to the inputs of the corresponding polarity of the adders 5 44 and 45, the signals at the output of these amplifiers appear only if the damage that has occurred is dangerous from the point of view of excessive or false alarms. If the signal at such a control point has changed into a region of more positive values, at which this change may lead to an excessive or false triggering of the protection being monitored, then the signal from this control point is brought to one of the resistors 52 of the adder 44 by this block 49,

At the initial value of the signal at the controlled point under consideration, the amplifier 48 is set to zero, t, e, the voltage at its output is close to zero. Since in the case under consideration, the signal taken from control point 5 changes to a region of more positive values, and it is fed to the inverting input of amplifier 48, a negative signal appears at the output of this amplifier

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polarity that goes further to the element OR 53, and to the comparator 55. If the signal exceeds the threshold of the comparator 55, the latter triggers, the transistor 62 opens, the relay 64 is activated, closes its contacts, and from the output of the element 42 the signal arrives on the body blocking protection. At the same time, the LED of the circuit 63 also starts to illuminate, signaling that a blocking signal has been given to the protection. Which of the cassettes issued this signal, it is possible to identify, pressing in turn the buttons 12, which are part of the selective display unit 10. When the button corresponding to the damaged cassette is pressed, one of the LEDs of the circuit 23 or 24 starts to glow.

If the signal at the control point in question has changed in the opposite direction, i.e., it has become more negative and this change is not dangerous from the point of view of excessive or false protection trips, then no protection is required. A change in the signal to a more negative direction leads to the appearance of a positive signal at the output of amplifier 48, and this positive signal does not pass to the output of adder 44, since it is shunted by the corresponding diode. As a result, block 54 does not fail and a signal to block the protection is not issued.

The control device behaves similarly in case of other damages. As a result, a protection failure signal appears when there is any damage in the controlled protection circuit that the proposed control device feels. A signal to block the protection appears only for such damages that pose a danger from the point of view of excessive and false positives of the protection.

In order to check the health, one should press in turn the buttons included in the verification element 43. When you press the left button, the LEDs of the circuit 40 and 63 should light up and after 10-15 seconds - the board. There is a malfunction of the protection circuits on the control panel. Pressing simultaneously the buttons 12 associated with the outputs of the amplifiers 5 or 48, we are convinced by the glow of the LEDs of the circuit 24 that the signals necessary for the operation of the comparators 34 and 55 are on the outputs of the adders 1 and 44 of all the monitored protection cassettes. When the right button of the element 43 is pressed, only the LED of the circuit 63 should be lit. By not releasing the right button of the element 43 and pressing the button 12, connected to the outputs of the adder 45, we are convinced that the error signal sufficient to trigger the comparator 55 is present at the outputs of the adder 45 of all monitored security cassettes.

Thus, the device for monitoring relay protection allows timely detection and elimination of malfunctions arising in controlled cassettes, including unacceptably large changes in the parameters of the elements, which lead to a significant change in voltage at the controlled points.

At the same time, in the device for monitoring the operability of the relay protection, the output signals of the failure of the protection circuits and on the blocking of protection are separated. Due to this, protection blocking is carried out only with such damage to its elements that are dangerous from the point of view of excessive or false positives. This is important for use cases

for example, in conjunction with protections installed in substations without permanent service, and especially in substations without telemechanics. Damaged protection at such substations is detected after a rather significant period of time - if the substation is equipped with tele-alarm devices, the action of the monitoring device on the warning panel installed at the substation remains unnoticed by the personnel at the control room. As a result, damage to the protection is not eliminated for a long time and can lead to unnecessary or false activation and disabling of the protected object.

This advantage may also be important in facilities with constant maintenance, for example, in a thunderstorm period, when damage to the network occurs extremely often. In the device, the blocking of the damaged protection is performed in 10

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15 seconds after the occurrence of damage, i.e. unnecessary operation of the protection during the subsequent external circuit is excluded. The same applies to false alarms. If, for example, a transformer differential protection arm breaks, which has a trigger current lower than the nominal one, during the minimum load period of the transformer, then immediately a false operation may not occur, since the current in the differential circuit may lag less than the operation current. Subsequent increases in load cause a false positive of protection, if the damage is not eliminated or the protection is not blocked. Fast blocking is charged by the device to monitor the operability of the relay protection to reduce the likelihood of false alarms.

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Device to monitor the health of the relay auth. St. H 1032513, characterized in that, in order to increase the control efficiency by blowing a signal to block the protection only when a damage occurring in the controlled protection scheme appears, dangerous from the point of view of excessive and false triggering, two wiring blocks and two adders are added to it A cassette controlled cassette, an OR element and a Vyredaktor block M. Blanar

Compiled by L. Kulikova Tehred M. Dvdyk

Cor Pod

3843/51 Circulation 617

VNIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5

Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Design, 4.

ten

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244212

direct-comparator, and the inverting inputs of one of the newly entered adders through jumpers block wiring and connected to the inputs of the device in which the signals have a dangerous change in the positive region relative to the nominal value, and non-inverting inputs of this adder through jumpers wiring block connected to the inputs of the device on which the signals have a dangerous change in the negative region with respect to the nominal values, the inverting inputs of the other adder by The cables of the wiring unit are connected to the inputs of the device, in which the signals have a dangerous change in the negative and positive area with respect to the nominal values, while these same device inputs are connected by bridges of the wiring unit to the non-inverting inputs of the first adder, the outputs of the entered adders are combined and connected with the inputs of the selective display unit and the input element OR, the inverting input of the input unit Rectifier-comparator is connected to the output of the element OR, the output of the exposure unit in The belt is connected to the blocking block of protection through the relay contacts of the inserted Rectifier-Comparator block. 35

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Proofreader S. Cherni Subscription

Claims (1)

The claims The device for monitoring the health of relay protection by ed. St. 10 '1032513, characterized in that, in order to increase the effectiveness of control by issuing a signal to block protection only when damage appears in the controlled protection circuit that is dangerous from the point of view of unnecessary and false alarms, two wiring blocks and two totalizers per each monitored cartridge, OR element, and unit you are a straightener-comparator, and the inverting inputs of one of the newly added adders are connected to the device inputs on which the signals have a dangerous change by means of jumpers in the wiring unit in the positive region with respect to the nominal values, and the non-inverting inputs of this adder via jumpers of the wiring block are connected to the inputs of the device on which the signals have a dangerous change in the negative region with respect to the nominal values, the inverting inputs of the other adder through the jumpers of the wiring block are connected to the inputs a device on which the signals have a dangerous change in the negative and in the positive region with respect to the nominal values, while the same inputs Through the jumpers, the wiring block is connected to the non-inverting inputs of the first adder, the outputs of the input adders are combined and connected to the inputs of the selective indication unit and the input element OR, the inverting input of the input block The rectifier-comparator is connected to the output of the OR element, the output of the time delay unit is connected to the protection blocking unit through the relay contacts of the introduced rectifier-comparator unit.