SU1322170A1 - Method of measuring intensity of random event arrivals - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention serves to expand the scope of application of the method of measuring the intensity. A device implementing the method contains a attenuation filter 2, a detector 1, a shaper, an inlet flood 3, a generator 4 of a single time interval, elements AND 5-7, a trigger 8, counters 9 and 10, and a computing device 11. electrical impulses (Ey) and standardized on parameters. During a time interval in advance of a predetermined duration T, all HUs that occurred during this interval are sampled, and the number N of selected HEYs is counted. The NP number is memorized and the intensity of the recorded flow of events is reduced by a fixed number K times. The attenuated flow is again transformed into an EY stream and standardized in parameters. Then, the attenuated flow is sampled again. The number of N, AU, allocated a second time, is calculated and the intensity value is calculated using the formula 1 / t (k-1), / (NO-N,). 1 il. S b y 1

Description

113

The invention relates to a measurement and measurement technique and can be used in registering the intensity of random streams of events of different physical nature, for example. Nuclear physics, optics, etc. The purpose of the invention is to expand the scope of application of the method for measuring the intensity of random event streams by providing measurements at an unknown dead time value and in cases where the dead time is a random value.

According to the method of measuring the randomness of a random stream of events, which consists in converting the stream of events into a stream of electrical pulses, standardizing these pulses by parameters, forming a time interval of a certain predetermined duration, selecting all the electrical pulses that occurred during this interval, and counting the number of Ng matched pulses, remember the NO number, and then attenuate the intensity of the recorded flow of events into a fixed number Labeled stream of events into a stream of electrical pulses, standardize the latter in terms of parameters, re-form the time interval of the same duration T, take all the electrical impulses of the attenuated flow that increased during this interval, count the number of N selected second time pulses and calculate the value intensity by.

i, i

9i

(NO - N,)

The drawing shows a block diagram of one of the possible variants of a device for measuring the intensity of random event streams implementing the proposed registration method.

The specific application of the proposed method is based on the performance of two identical measurement procedures. In each of them, the flow of events of a certain physical nature is converted with the help of an appropriate detector into a stream of electrical pulses, which are previously standardized in terms of parameters.

j 0

0 35 0

five

jj

50

,,

702

Separate pulses are taken from the signal flow generated in this way during a time interval of a certain duration and their number is counted using a counter. In this case, in the first case, the input stream is recorded, and in the second case, the same stream, having previously attenuated its intensity by a certain known number K times. The intensity reduction technique may be different and depends on the physical nature of the detected radiation. Thus, in particular, optical filters installed in front of the photodetector used as the detector are used to attenuate the intensity of the fluxes. In nuclear and physical studies, plates of absorbing material can be used to reduce the flux of recorded particles or the distance from radiation source to the detector. Having thus obtained two counting results, the intensity value of the initial flow of events is calculated using the indicated formula.

A device implementing the proposed method for measuring the intensity of random event streams includes detector 1, attenuating filter 2, driver 3, generator 4 of a single time interval, AND 5-7 circuits, trigger 8, counters 9 and 10, and a computing device 11.

The initial state of the device is brought by the initial setup signal SR, the trigger 8 and counters 9 and 10 are reset to the zero state. Then, a filter is passed, the recorded event flow is fed to the input of detector 1, which converts it into a stream of electrical pulses. The latter are standardized with the help of for- wrench 1 and fed to the input of circuit AND 5. According to the start signal ST, generator 4 generates a single pulse of a predetermined duration T, during which the pulses of the imaging unit 3 through circuit 5 and open with a signal from the inverse output of trigger 8 and circuit 7 is fed to the counting input of the counter 10. Upon completion of the pulse from the output of the generator 4, the trigger 8 switches to the opposite state, preparing the device for re-measurement. After installing filter 2,

3132

in the simplest case, which attenuates twice the intensity of the flow of events entering the detector, a start signal is repeatedly applied to the device. As a result, the counter 9 records the number of attenuated flow events that arrived within the established recording interval. The computing device 1I for this case should provide the execution of multiplication, calculation and division operations over the contents of N, and N counters 9 and 10 in accordance with the expression

NO N, / (NO - N,), t.

With this method of recording the intensity for the Poisson streams 20 events, there are no measurement errors due to the loss of events during periods of non-extending dead time by the tsetsey of the recording equipment.

25

Thus, the application of the proposed method for measuring the intensity of Poisson event streams will allow to expand its scope in the case of unknowns and fluctuations are calculated by the random law of the dead formula of recording equipment.

The method of random rum transformed by fi electrifying half a meter, or some of the numbers, fixed pulses, separated by a number of ti by the interval, except that, for the purpose of application, the registered weakened current electrodartizes the same long forms and ka shaft, divided by

Editor I.Gorn Order 2858/40

Compiled by V. Velichkin

Tehred L. Oliynyk Proof-reader S. Cherni

Circulation 730 Subscription

VNIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5

Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4

O

five

0

five

 calculate the formula

704

Claims (1)

Invention Formula The method of measuring the intensity of random event streams, in which rum transforms the flow of events of a physical process under investigation into a stream of electrical impulses, standardizes the received impulses according to parameters, forms a time interval T of a certain predetermined duration, fixes electrical impulses that occur during this interval, count the number N of selected pulses and memorize the obtained number N with the subsequent calculation of the intensity of the flow of events, characterized in that, in order to expand It weakens the intensity of the recorded flow of events by a fixed number K times, converts this attenuated flow of events into a flow of electrical impulses, standardizes the latter by parameters, reestablishes a time interval of the same duration, selects the impulses of the attenuated flow that are during this interval, count the number N of pulses allocated a second time and intensity value by (K - 1) N, / T- (,),