SU1318682A1 - Apparatus for drilling wells - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to the mining industry. The purpose of the invention is to expand the functionality of the device by ensuring efficient operation in the subsea and surface positions and increasing the cleaning efficiency of the well. When drilling a well, a column of pipes with rock-boring tool 27 fixed on its inner pipe 1 is lowered into it. On the outer pipe 2 of the column, using a clamping device 3, an annular hammer (4), compressed air R. is installed (P

Description

through line 18 is supplied to the CG A and through the fitting 19 enters the chamber (k) 12 of the working stroke formed by CK A and connected with it through the outer 7, upper 8, as well as the lower outer 9 and inner lower 10 stepped walls 5 and 6 of the casing KU A. The air enters through the nozzle 20 at idling 1A, formed by cc a, walls 5 and 6 and the anvil 13, the compressed air at c 1 a acts on the eccentric air 9 and cc a, and penetrates through valve 15 line 17 for discharging compressed air, - to the UE 10. Due to the tight pressing of the valve 15 against the wall 6, decreases estrus ener1

The invention relates to the mining industry, in particular to devices for drilling wells both on land and under water.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the functionality by ensuring efficient operation in the submerged and surface positions and improving the cleaning efficiency of the well.

The drawing shows the proposed device, the overall appearance.

A device for drilling exploration wells consists of a double string of drill pipes, which includes an inner 1 and an outer 2 pipe. On the outer pipe 2 by means of a clamping device 3, a percussion mechanism is attached consisting of an annular hammer A connected to the stepped walls 5 and 6 of the body by annular elastic elements — upper outer 7, upper inner 8, lower outer 9, and inner lower 10. Such a design of the percussion mechanism allows to perform a through central channel and a gap through it to push a double drill string through it so that when the impact mechanism is fixed on the side surface of the double drill string, effective transmission is ensured

the air carrier from K1A, and in K12, the air acts on UE 7 and 8 - and KU A. To ensure efficient operation of KU A, it is necessary to select UE area 7.8 from K 12 side, equal to 0.3-0.8 UE area 9.10 and KU A on the K 1A side. Due to this area difference, KU A moves to K 12, at the same time, valve 15 opens line 17 and squeezes the air through the pipe 2A and the flexible hose 25 into the annular space. At the same time, the QA And under the influence of pressure in K 12 moves down and hits the anvil 13. The kick through the device 3 is transferred to the tool 2.7. 2 hp f-ly, 1 ill.

shock load rock-breaking tool. The absence of the movable coupling of the annular striker to other parts by means of the cylindrical friction surfaces makes it possible to avoid the loss of the efficiency of the percussion mechanism when water, silt and sludge get into its internal cavities. Even in these emergency cases, the percussion mechanism begins to work and is self-cleaning during operation.

The upper outer 7 and upper inner 8 elastic elements form with annular drummer A, stepped walls 5 and 6 of the housing and cover 11 a working stroke chamber 12, and lower outer 9 and lower inner 10 elastic elements form

with annular drummer A, stepped walls 5 and 6 of the hull and anvil 13 idle chamber 1A.

For the stable operation of the percussion mechanism, we take the working area of the annular elastic elements 7 and 8 and the annular drummer A from the side of the working stroke chamber, equal to 0.3-0.8 of the working area of the annular elastic elements 9 and 10 and the annular

drummer A from the side of the idle chamber. In this case, the annular drummer A is connected to the stepped wall 6 of the body by means of an additional annular elastic element

3

ta - valve 15 having an opening

16 and installed with the possibility of periodically blocking the main line 17 for discharging compressed air with a stepped wall 6 of the housing. The chambers of working stroke 12 and idling 14 are connected to the highway 18 for supplying compressed air using the upper 19 and lower 20 chokes. The upper fitting 19 has a check valve 21, between the stepped wall 6 of the housing and the outer pipe 2 there is a sealing ring 22. The inner 1 and outer 2 pipes form an annular space 23 connected in the upper part of the outer pipe 2 through a pipe made in the form of a pipe 24

and flexible hose 25, with a line

17 for removal of compressed air, and in the lower part of the inner tube 1 - through the radial hole 26 with the internal cavity of the inner tube 1.

At the lower end of the inner tube

Claims (3)

1, a rock-breaking tool 25 of the worker 12 and the idler l4 decade is installed; the annular drummer 4 moves upwards. The valve 21 overlaps the opening of the upper fitting 19, the annular drummer 4, lifting up, compressing. 30 is raised in the working stroke chamber 12, while the valve 15, lifting together with the annular drummer 4 up, opens the trunk 17 to retract the compressed air to cent Driver 27 with central 28 and side through 29 holes. The device works as follows. When drilling a well, the drilling rig rotates and gradually lowers the double string of drill pipe with fixed to the end of the inner pipes 1 for rock-breaking instrumental stepped wall 6 of the body. Volume 27, On the outer pipe 2, when the compressed air is withdrawn from the idling cockers 14 and the compressed air line 18, it rushes into the main line 17 to discharge compressed air through the pipe 24 and the flexible hose 23 The clamping device 3 has a shock mechanism to which compressed air is supplied via line 18, which flows through the upper fitting 19 into the working stroke chamber 12, and through the lower fitting 20 into the idling chamber 14. In the latter, compressed air: acts on the lower outer elastic element 9, the annular drummer 4 and, penetrates through the opening 16 of the valve 15, - on the lower inner elastic element 10, 40 enters the annular space 23. The annular shock - to 4 moves under} 5 by the pressure of the air in the chamber 12 of the working stroke downwards and hits the anvil 13. The blow through the clamping device 3. 2 and the inner pipe 1 is transferred to the JQ tool 27. descending together with the annular hammer 4, overlaps the main line 17 to retract the compressed circular ring impact - to 4 moves under} 5 by the pressure of the air in the working chamber 12 downwards and hits the anvil 13. The impact through the clamping device 3. 2 and the internal 1 front pipes JQ is delivered to the destructive tool 27. The annular collar element — valve 15, is lowered together with the annular hammer — 4 down, intersects the main 17 to discharge the compressed return valve. which reduces the leakage of energy from the idle chamber 14, and the cycle repeats. The incoming stroke, in addition, eliminates the possibility of water and sludge from the exhausting air entering the annular space 23, moving downward into the internal cavity of the shock flows into the through radial opening of the opening 26. 0 The proposed design of the valve 15 also makes it possible to increase the effective stroke of the striker prior to the start of exhaust from the no-load chamber 14 as compared to similar known devices. As a result, the overall stroke of the annular drummer 4 and the impact energy increase, which ultimately leads to an increase in drilling performance. In the chamber 12 of the working stroke, the compressed air acts on the upper outer 7 and inner 8 elastic elements and on the annular drummer 4. It is necessary 5 to choose the working area of the elastic elements 7 and 8 and the annular drummer 4 from the side of the camera 12 of the working stroke, equal to 0.3-0.8 of the working area of the elastic elements 9 and 10 and the annular drummer 4 from the side of the camera 14 of idling. In this case, the most effective operation of the percussion mechanism is ensured. Due to the difference in working areas 40 enters the annular space 23. The annular shock - to 4 moves under the influence of air pressure in the chamber 12 of the working stroke downwards and hits the anvil 13. The blow through the clamping device 3. with the annular hammer 4 down, it overlaps the main line 17 to discharge the compressed air, and the cycle repeats. The exhausting air entering the annular space 23, moving downwards, flows into the through radial opening 26 and, getting into the inner five pipe 1, rushes upwards, mixing with water. In this case, the density of the water column inside the pipe 1 is less than the density of water in the well, resulting in an airlift effect. Water from the well through the through 29 and central 28 holes in the rock destructive tool 27 rushes into the pipe 1, driving the mud material formed during drilling and bringing it to the surface. The airlift effect would also be created if the radial hole 26 was located in the upper part of the double-drill string directly under the sealed partition connecting the inner 1 and outer 2 pipes, but in this case the efficiency of the airlift would be worse as the difference in bulk weight decreases the water in the canals of the inner pipe 1 of the double string of the column and the O1 of the ejection water. As the well is deepened, the percussion mechanism approaches the bottom surface, the clamping device 3 is wedged, the percussion mechanism rises upward through the outer pipe 2 under the action of inertial forces, the clamping device 3 actuates the percussion mechanism with the outer pipe 2 at a new level. The operation cycle of the device periodically fails until the rock-breaking tool 27 reaches the design depth of the well. Thus, the proposed mouth4, Drilling equipment for drilling, providing Q stroke with the possibility of efficient drilling of wells in underwater conditions. A large exhaust pipe of considerable length, consisting of a main line 17 for discharging compressed air, a pipeline 24, a flexible hose 25, an annular space 23 and a radial opening 26, excludes the possibility of a coring shaft: (of am material in the internal cavity of the percussion mechanism. In addition, this solution allows you to achieve maximum efficiency of the airlift., The design of the percussion mechanism with a central through channel allows you to place it directly above the surface of the wellhead and thus achieve maximum noy efficiency of impact energy transmission porodorazr tiayuschemu instrument. 50 55 the main line for supplying compressed air, and the idling chamber are connected to the annular space of the double drill string by a main line for discharging compressed air, and the area of the annular elastic elements and the annular striker on the side of the idle chamber exceeds the area of annular elastic elements and the annular striker on the side of the working chamber the course 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein, in the percussion mechanism, the area of the elastic elements and the annular drummer on the side of the working stroke chamber is 0.3-0.8 of the area of the elastic elements and the annular drummer on the side of the idling chamber. ten  35 Thus, the use of a well drilling device enables the drilling of wells on the seabed. The design of the device ensures its high reliability in underwater conditions and the possibility of obtaining sufficiently large energy parameters, since the geometric dimensions of the device are not limited by the diameter of the well. Invention Formula 1. A device for drilling wells, including a double drill string, forming an annular space, a rock-breaking tool, a percussion mechanism with rings 1: .1m drummer, a main line for supplying compressed air to the working and idle chambers, and a main line for discharging compressed air; . that, in order to expand the functional possibilities by ensuring effective work in the underwater and surface positions, the percussion mechanism is made in the form of a housing enclosing an external drill pipe, in which a ring drummer is installed, connected to the inner walls of the housing, stepwise, by means of two pairs of annular elastic elements, while the shock mechanism has a valve, made in the form of an elastic element with a hole, and a reverse valve, respectively installed in the idling chamber with the possibility of blocking the line for the discharge of compressed air and in the chamber re working stroke with the possibility of the main line for supplying compressed air, and the idling chamber are connected to the annular space of the double drill string by a main line for discharging compressed air, and the area of the annular elastic elements and the annular striker on the side of the idle chamber exceeds the area of annular elastic elements and the annular striker on the side of the working chamber the course 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein, in the percussion mechanism, the area of the elastic elements and the annular drummer on the side of the working stroke chamber is 0.3-0.8 of the area of the elastic elements and the annular drummer on the side of the idling chamber. 71318682В 3. The device according to claim 1, about tl and the possibility of communicating with the latter with the fact that, for the purpose of keeping the inner tube by increasing the cleaning efficiency of the borehole, made in the lower part of the tube . neno in the form of a closed cavity with air