SU1317088A1 - Apparatus for sinking holes with expansions - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mining and construction and allows the expansion of the technological capabilities of the device by forming wider wells. The device includes a drive shaft 1, ver. Xn 14 and 10 lower centering rollers mounted on the bearings of the upper 13 and lower 9 bushings (B). Between the rollers 14 and 10 there is a roll, 20th, 24th heel roller (L so oo oo

Description

mounted on a bearing on an average B 19. Movable relative to shaft 1 is mounted B 2 with figured protrusions 5. Installed B 2 in internal cavities B 13, 9 and 19. In this case, B 2 has an eccentric hub 3 with a longitudinal channel 7 and a guide screw a groove 4 for accommodating the finger 21 attached to B 19. The screw line of the groove 4 has an elevation angle greater than the angle of friction between the walls of the groove 4 and the finger 21. In B 2, additional rectilinear grooves are made communicating with the ends of the groove 4. T passes through the channel 7 ha 8, holding shaft 1 and B 9. The lower part of the shaft and 10 is conical in shape, and its outer surface is fixed schnekova coil 11. On the outer surface of roller 14 zakrep1

The invention relates to mining and construction, and more specifically to a structure for forming wells with the reinforcement compaction method for creating pile foundations and anchoring devices.

The purpose of the invention is the expansion of technological capabilities through the formation of wells with cavities.

FIG. 1 shows a device, a longitudinal section, with the formation of a well; in fig. 2 - the same, when rolling out the broadening; in fig. 3- section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 4 shows a section BB in FIG. one; in fig. 5 shows a section B-B in FIG. 2; in fig. 6 - section of GG on FIG. 2; in fig. 7 is a section d-d in fig. five; in fig. 8 is a section E-E of FIG. 6; in fig. 9 shows a section of an Ж-Ж in FIG. eight; in fig. 10 is a section view of AND-I in FIG. eight; in fig. 11 is a section C-C in FIG. eight.

A device for forming wells with wider openings includes a drive shaft 1, into the cavity of which a top part of a sleeve 2 that is movable relative to the shaft enters, having an eccentric hub 3 with a guide groove 4 in the form of a helix and additional straight sections at the beginning and end. - the spindle of the eccentric hub 3 of the movable sleeve 2. In the upper and lower parts of the movable sleeve 2, figured projections 5 are made, copacted with locking pins 6. 6. The movable sleeve 2 has a longitudinal channel 7 located along its axis, through which passes the ha 8, the fastening shaft 1 and the lower sleeve 9 of the lower centering roller 10 mounted on the sleeve 9 with the possibility of wounding

Lena auger coil 15, which is a continuation of coil 11. To secure the rollers 14 and 10 with their B, fixation mechanisms are used, made in the form of teeth 12 and 16 on the inner surfaces of rollers 14 and 10, projections 5 on В 2 and clamps with teeth at the ends. The locks move radially in B 13 and 9. Rotate shaft 1 along spiral line 11. When the required depth is reached, they stop rotating and feed up B 2. It slides through finger 4 with groove 4. Coincidence of the direction of rotation of the device and movement of finger 21 reduces the force on the drive B 2. The combination of the rotation of shaft 1 and the increase in eccentricity B 19 with roller 20 provides an increase in compaction of the soil into the walls. 2 h. the item of f-ly, 11 ill.

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bearings (not shown). The lower part of the lower centering roller 10 is made of a conical shape, and on its outer surface there is a fixed auger 11. At the end of the auger the spiral can have an indent (not shown). The teeth 12 are located on the inner surface of the lower centering roll.

The drive shaft I is fastened to the upper sleeve 13. The upper centering roller 14 is mounted by means of pivots (not shown) on the upper sleeve 13. On the outer surface of the upper roller 14 there is fixed a screw spiral 15, which has the same pitch with the screw spiral 11 and is its extension. The teeth 16 are spaced on the inner surface of the upper centering roller 14. The movable sleeve 2 is located inside the inner cavities of the upper 13 and lower 9 sleeves on the keys 17 and 18, respectively. The eccentric hub 3 of the movable sleeve 2 is located in the inner cavity of the middle sleeve 19. The rolling roller 20 by sub-bearings are mounted on the middle hub 19 and are located between the rollers 10 and 14. In the sleeve 19 a pin 21 is secured, which enters the guide groove 4. T ha 8 is connected to the shaft 1 by a pin 22 mounted in a transverse groove 23 sleeve 2. The length of the groove 23 is equal to the amount of movement of the movable sleeve 2 along the device. With the lower sleeve 9 tons ha 8 is connected to the thread by means of a nut 24.

The teeth 12 and 16, the shaped protrusions 5 and the latches 6, having teeth at the ends (not shown) form locking mechanisms (not shown). The clips 6 are provided with springs 25 for withdrawing their teeth from engagement with the teeth 12 and 16. The clips 6 are mounted with the possibility of radial movement in the upper 13 and lower 9 bushings and consist of two parts, spring-loaded between them with a spring 26, ensuring reliable fixation and compensating gaps and manufacturing tolerances. All moving parts of the device in contact with the ground are fitted with seals (not shown). The screw line of the guide groove 4 of the movable sleeve 2 has an elevation angle greater than the friction angle of the finger 21 against the groove wall to reduce the increase in the extension of the rolling roller 20. In addition, the device has two reversible drives: for rotating the shaft 1 and for axial movement of the movable sleeve 2 These drives are located on the base screen (not shown).

The device for the formation of wells with gaps works as follows.

The mode of operation of the device is chosen depending on the properties of the soil. On soils with low bearing capacity, the well is formed only by compaction of the soil into the walls. In this case, the device operates as follows.

The device is installed on the ground and the rotation of the shaft 1 in the direction of the helix of the screw 11, and then the helix 15 screw the device, compacting the soil into the walls of the well. If necessary, a pressing force can be applied to facilitate screwing the device into the ground. After reaching the required depth of the well, the shaft 1 stops rotating and the upward movement of the movable sleeve 2, which slides through the finger 4 with the groove 4, begins. The figured protrusions 5 of the movable sleeve 2 release the latches 6, the teeth of which under the action of the springs 25 disengage from the teeth 16 and 12 , freeing the rollers 10 and 14, while the groove 4 slides on the finger 21 in a straight line section and the rolling roller 20 remains stationary. After releasing the retainers 6, the rollers 10 and 14 again impart rotation to the shaft 1 and continue to move up the movable sleeve 2. As soon as the groove 4 arrives at Lalez 21 with a screw part, the rolling roller 20 begins to extend, the eccentricity of which increases as the longitudinal displacement upwards of the movable sleeve 2 while the rollers 10 and 14 remain stationary in the ground, held by their friction against the ground. These rolls, as it were, turn into sub-supports for the rotating parts of the device. The coincidence of the directions of rotation of the device and the movement of the finger 21 through the groove 4, caused by the upward movement of the movable sleeve 2, reduces the force on the drive

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de longitudinal movement of the movable sleeve 2.

Combining the rotation of the shaft 1 and increasing the eccentricity of the middle sleeve 19 with the rolling roller 20 enhances the well by compacting the soil into the walls, and also has a seal on the stationary rollers 10 and 14 due to the extrusion of the soil to the sides. The control is carried out to a given strength of the walls from the conditions of soil repulse to radial movement of the rolling roller 20, which is provided by the specified value of the axial force of the movable sleeve, so the expansion can be completed to the maximum extension of the rolling roller. In the absence of a refusal to withdraw the rolling roller 20, broadening completes when it is completely withdrawn to the side.

After the completion of the well drilling, the movable sleeve 2 is fed down and by the interaction of the finger 21 and the screw part of the groove 4 reduces the eccentricity of the rolling roller 20 to complete alignment of the latter with the centering rollers 10 and 14 when the finger 21 goes to the straight section of the groove 4. When moving further downwards, the movable the sleeves 2 its figured protrusions 5 begin to move the clamps 6 until they engage with the teeth 12 and 16 and the centering rollers 10 and 14. The rotation of the shaft in the opposite direction compared to the formation of a well the "back off from the ground, which may be followed by application of a force to extract it from the well. The presence of screw spirals 11 and 15 excludes soil collapse. If it is necessary to create several enhancements in the well, "the unscrewing of the device from the ground is carried out by a predetermined amount, and the formation of the enhancement is repeated.

The linear portion of the guide groove 4 in the lower part of the eccentric hub 3 of the movable sleeve 2 serves to provide for the assembly and disassembly of the device during its repairs.

When working on soils with sufficiently high strength, such as loams, in which it is impossible to drill a well only by compacting the soil into the wall, drilling with dredging is performed using shnekovyh spirals 11 and 15, and at the same time it also has a seal on the walls of the well near the centering rollers due to plastic deformation of the soil as it changes its shape.

Claims (3)

Invention Formula . A device for the formation of wells with broadening, including a drive shaft, upper and lower centering rollers. mounted on bearings on upper and lower bushings respectively, a rolling roll placed between the upper and lower centering rollers and mounted on a support on the middle sleeve, and a sleeve movable relative to the drive shaft, installed in the internal cavities of the upper, lower and middle sleeves with an eccentric hub, with a longitudinal channel and with a guide screw groove for accommodating a finger attached to the middle hub, characterized in that, in order to expand technological capabilities, The bushing has additional guide straight grooves, which connect with the ends of the screw guide groove, the drive shaft is fastened to the upper bushing, and the lower part of the lower centering roller is made conical in shape, the device is equipped with a thrust, the ends of which are fastened to the drive shaft and with the lower sleeve placed in the longitudinal channel of the movable sleeve, a screw spiral mounted on the outer over five 0 the upper and lower centering rollers, and locking mechanisms for fastening the upper and lower centering rollers with their sleeves during the formation of a well and their separation during the formation of broadening, made in the form of teeth on the inner surfaces of the upper and lower centering rollers, shaped projections on the movable sleeve and spring-loaded retainers with teeth at the ends installed with the possibility of radial movement in the upper and lower bushings when interacting with figured protrusions for engagement with the teeth E on the inner surfaces of the upper and lower centering rollers. 2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle of elevation of the screw guide groove is greater than the angle of friction between the walls of the groove and the finger. 3. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the screw helix of the upper centering roller is a continuation of the screw axis of the lower centering roller. but Aa Z8 Fig.z 6-6 nineteen 20 27 Fig4 FIG. five ten C) and in LA /four seg.7 F L L l L ± / g FIG. ten to J FIG. Editor M. Kelemesh Order 2292/26 VNIIPI USSR State Committee for Inventions and Discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab. 4/5 Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, ul. Project, 4 FIG. Ti Compiled by L. Cherepenkila Tehred I. Veres Corrector A. Zimokosov Circulation 532 Subscription