SU128878A1 - Distillation apparatus - Google Patents

Description

A known distillation apparatus comprising a low pressure column, a condenser and a high pressure column.

In the described distillation apparatus, in contrast to the known on the top and bottom condenser grids, radial partitions are installed in the tube and tube side of the apparatus. The high-pressure knee is connected to the calipers of the annulus of the condenser by means of two concentrically arranged pipes, fitted at the lower ends with hydraulic gates, which are placed in different zones along the height of the column. Such a constructive design of the apparatus makes it possible to use the whole of its installed surface in the heat exchange process, as well as to obtain different concentrations of the fraction of both evaporating oxygen and condensing nitrogen that are available for irrigation of the lower and upper columns.

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the 1) FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the apparatus IoA-A in FIG. ; in fig. 3, according to BB in FIG. one.

The gas to be separated, in the compressed state prior to the saturation stage, is fed into the lower column / through fitting 2. The uncondensed gas mixture leaves the lower column / h: through communication S and the annulus of the condenser 4, flows through a series of vertical chambers separated by one or another radial partitions 5 in the pipe and the pipe: m space apparatus. Partial condensation of the gas mixture occurs in these chambers. Part of the condensate flows from the first chambers through the internal drain pipe 6, provided at the lower end of the hydraulic seal; on section aipai chilled # 128878 2 rum 7, in the bottom olivna I of one of the lower sieve plates. From the next; The Kaliep system also drains a part of the condensate along a concentric outer pipe with an IENA tube, 8, which has a hydraulic lock 9, onto the upper sieve tray of the lower column. In both cases, further paefteJieHFffe occurs. Traps 7 and 9 are placed on the lower goatschakh pipes 5 and 5 in the zones along the height of the column 1.

From the cubes of the lower column / condensate through the adsorber 10 and the connecting line P enters the sieve tray in the lower part of the upper column 12 above the condenser 4 and after further separation does not flow from the lower plate into the first in the annular space of the condenser. From this annular space, where condensate with a higher content of low-boiling component forms in other chambers, this condensate flows through connecting line 13 to the upper column to the plate located above the point where condensate enters the line / 7. From the last chambers of condenser 4, where the concentration of the light-boiling component in the condensate is maximum, this condensate flows over the lines / 4 to the uppermost plate of the Koochon / 2. In large-capacity plants, where liquid oxygen is subjected to re-evaporation in an auxiliary condenser, condensate is also fed through one / 5 line to one of the plates of the coloin 12, the concentration of which is close to the concentration for the product from the middle chambers of the condenser. In column 12, separation occurs in the usual way. The condensate, which from the bottom plate of column 12 enters the tubes of condenser 4, is still a relatively large admixture of the light boiling component and therefore undergoes additional evaporation in subsequent chambers, so that in the last chamber the product is almost lush with the light boiling component. Each chamber is equipped with non-volatile evaporator tubes 16 and large overflow tubes II in tubes 16, a mixture of gas and liquid is formed, moving upwards. In pipes 17, only one liquid is practically contained, so that thanks to its specific gravity, it flows down from top to bottom. Thus, each measure serves as a separate circulation evaporator.

The gas mixture from the individual chambers has a different composition and, rising, passes through the fluid on the sieve plates. The last chamber or the last two chambers, depending on the required concentration of the product, are hermetically (gas-tight) separated from the common space of the upper column 12. From here, the necessary product is selected through the shield 18. Due to this, the product is no longer in contact with the gas mixture entering the column 12; the fluid in the individual chambers is not mixed. The fluid mirror in these chambers is at a different level, lowering in the direction of flow. When the gaseous product is taken directly from the column, the valve of the connecting line 19 is closed. When withdrawing a liquid product, this valve is open. Within an hour, the valve in the connecting lines x / 5 and 5 automatically opens and closes 1-2 times. Due to this, the evaporator tubes 16 in the last chamber are carefully washed and the possibility of deposition of unwanted crystals on them is eliminated. To check for the presence of harmful substances in the liquid, separate sampling chambers 20 are provided in the individual chambers. The liquid product is taken from the last chamber through the nozzle; 21.

When producing a high-grade product and at an even lower pre-decomposition pressure, to the separating colo (auxiliary evaporator is added to the bed. This evaporator plays

the role of an additional separation column and provides an increased purity of the product, which is achieved by evaporation of the lighter fraction.

Present Invention

Claims (2)

1. Rectification; an apparatus including a low-pressure column, a condenser and a high-pressure column, characterized in that, in order to increase the oxygen concentration, the upper and lower condenser grids in the tube and annular spaces of the apparatus are fitted with aaa ial partitions ensuring an increase in the use of the installed super heat exchange. 2. A rectifying apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to feed reflux of various concentrations to irrigation, the high-pressure column is connected to the annular chambers of the condenser by means of two concentrically arranged tubes provided at the lower ends with hydraulic gates spaced in different zones the height of the column 1y. - 3 -L 128878