SU1283654A2 - Device for estimating toxicity of sewage - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of research of chemical properties of substances, namely to the analysis of water, and can be used to assess the toxicity of wastewater, discharged) 1x into reservoirs and watercourses. The invention is aimed at an improvement of the technical solution according to No. 971186. The aim is to increase the reliability of control of wastewater toxicity. Into a device containing two reservoirs 1.2, distributors 3, 4 of pure and controlled water, control unit 5, toxicity sensor 12 and electrodes 13 and 14 to create a repellent field, electrodes 15 are additionally introduced to create between them and the main electrodes 13 sex, returning the fish to their preferred stay zone. The distributors 3, 4, the sensor 12 and the electrodes 13, 14 and 15 are connected to the control unit 5. An aerator 11 and a feeding trough 10 are installed in the area of the ired- respectful stay. 3 Il. with S (L

Description

Yu

The invention relates to the study of the chemical properties of substances, in particular to the analysis of water, and is intended to control the quality of wastewater discharged into water bodies and streams.

According to the main ant, sv. No. 971186, a device for assessment of wastewater toxicity is known, based on the reaction of avoiding toxic substances to fish, which includes indicator tanks with nozzles for water inlet and outlet, pipelines for clean and wastewater, clean and waste water distributors. , a control unit and toxicity signaling sensors located in each tank, connected to a control unit, with this water inlet nozzles of tanks being connected to pipelines for supplying clean and waste water through a distributor clean and waste water, the output of the control unit is connected to the control inputs of the clean and sewage dispenser, troughs and aerator are installed in the tanks at the water inlets, and electrodes are placed in front of the toxicity sensors to create a repellent field connected to the control unit insulating material.

A disadvantage of this device is the low reliability of the toxicity control water, since some fish at the moment of switching on the device may be in the zone of operation of the toxicity alarm sensor. Some of the fish may be in the same zone and at the time the voltage is applied to the repellent field electrodes after the delay time signal generation toxicity.

The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability of controlling the toxicity of wastewater.

The goal is achieved. The fact that each tank is equipped with additional electrodes, which serve to create between them and the main electrodes, an electric field that returns the fish to the zone of their preferred stay, while additional electrodes are installed at the nozzles to bring water

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Fig. 1 is a diagram of a device for assessing the toxicity of wastewater; FIG. 2 shows a reservoir for indicator fish, a plan view; Fig, 3 - timing charts of the device.

The device for assessing the toxicity of wastewater contains reservoirs 1 and 2 for indicator fish, a distributor 3 of clean water, a distributor 4 of controlled water, a control unit 5 and pipelines 6 and 7 for supplying clean and controlled water, respectively. Each of the tanks 1 and 2 is an elongated container with nozzles 9 for introducing water and nozzles 9 for withdrawing. Water inlet pipes 8 of tanks 1 and 2 are connected to clean water distributor 3 and waste water distributor 4, tanks 10 and aerator 11, toxicity sensor 12, electrodes 13 and 14 are installed in tanks I and 2, between which a repellent field is created , and additional electrodes 15, serving to create a field returning between them and electrodes 13, Pipe 9, water is connected to the drain collector 16,

The reservoir for indicator fish is conditionally divided into four zones (Fig 2): zone d of the preferred stay of fish, zone b of the action of the scaring floor, zone with the sensor-sensor and zone d of the action of the returning field.

During operation of the device, the fish are located in zone d, which is located at the water inlet nozzles 8, In the same zone there are troughs 10 and an aerator 11, electrodes 13 and 14 are located in zone b, between which a repellent field is created that prevents spontaneous fish from leaving from zone and, zone b is in the middle of the tank, immediately behind zone and. Behind zone b is zone c, it contains sensor 12, zone d is between zone d and water outlet 9, electrodes 13 and 15 are located in this zone, between which a field is created that returns indicator fish to zone d.

As the distributor 3 clean water and distributor 4 waste water use a hydraulic distributor

with controlled solenoid valves,

The control inputs of the actuators of the distributors 3 and 4 of clean and waste water are connected to the outputs of the control unit 5. The control unit 5 represents a so-called program-logic device designed to control the distributors of 3 clean and 4 waste waters by scaring and returning fields, i.e. electrodes 13-15, switching sensors 12 for signaling toxicity and forming a signal exceeding the established toxicity limit of controlled water.

The toxicity alarm sensor 12, installed in each tank, is used to generate a signal when fish enter the sensor trigger zone. In front of the electrodes 13-15, protective grids 17 of insulating material are installed.

The device works as follows.

Tanks 1 and 2 operate in alternating switching mode, i.e. when one of the tanks is in operation mode, the other at this time is in the mode of fish adaptation,

In the tank in operation, as a result of adaptation to toxic substances, the fish partially lose sensitivity to the increase in the toxicity of controlled water. In the tank in the readaptation mode, the sensitivity of the fish is restored, to the tank in operation mode, controlled wastewater, and clean water is supplied to a reservoir that is in the readaptation mode of the fish.

At time t, (fig. 3), wastewater with low concentrations of toxic substances that do not cause a withdrawal from the danger zone in fish is transferred from the wastewater distributor 4 to reservoir 1, and clean water from the clean water distributor 3 is fed to reservoir 2, reservoir 1 is in operation mode and reservoir 2 is in readaptation mode. On the electrodes 13 and 15 of the tank 1, creating a returning field, a voltage is applied. Under the action of this,

12836544

THAT FIELDS of fish go to the zone of preferred stay. After some time sufficient to return all indicator fish to the 5 preferred zone

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a, at time t, the voltage is applied to the electrodes 13 and 14, creating a frightening field, and the voltage returning from the electrodes 15 is removed. At the same time, the toxicity alarm sensor 12 in this tank is put into operation. The magnitude of the voltage of the returning and scaring fields can be different and is regulated independently. On the electrodes 13-15 of the reservoir 2, which is in the readaptation mode, there is no voltage. The toxicity alarm sensor 12 in this tank is disabled.

After a period of time Tp at the moment tj, the tanks are switched. The tank 1 is disconnected from the dispenser 4 of the waste water and connected to the clean water distributor 3, the tank begins to receive clean water, and it switches from the operation mode to the readaptation mode. The voltage from all electrodes of this tank is removed. Sensor 12 alarm

The toxicity in this tank is disconnected. At the same time, tank 2 is disconnected from the clean water distributor 3 and connected to the waste water distributor 4. This tank goes into operation. The supply of voltage to the electrodes of the return and repelling fields, as well as the activation of the toxicity alarm sensor 12, Hs1 input in this tank, occurs in the same sequence as in tank 1 when it was turned on.

All switchings of the water distributors, the frightening and returning electrode electrodes, and the toxicity signaling sensors 12 are made automatically, according to commands from the control unit 5.

Thus, each tank alternately in the operation mode, then in the fish readaptation mode. In this mode, the device works up to the moment t, when for some reason through the sensor 12 of the alarm 5

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toxicity, located in reservoir 1, which is in operation, passes the first bar. The signal from the alarm sensor 12 is transmitted to control unit 5 and stored. If, for a given period of time, signals from sensor 12 of the alarm system no longer arrive or only one more signal arrives, then after this period of time expires at time tg, the voltage is applied to electrodes 15

13 and 14 of the frightening field is released. The toxicity alarm sensor 12 is turned off. Under the action of the floor returns the fish returns to. ft zone of preferred stay. At the time t, the voltage is again applied to the electrodes 13 and 14 of the frightening floor, and from the electric floor 15 the returning floor is removed. The toxicity alarm sensor 12 is activated; in tank 1, monitoring of the toxicity of the waste water continues. After a period of time has elapsed, the time instant ty switches the tanks. Tank 1 go to the fish readaptation mode. And tank 2 is activated.

The device continues to operate in alternate switching mode of tanks until the time when the increase in concentrations of toxic substances in the controlled waste water causes the fish in tank 2, which is in operation, to react to leaving zone a. The reaction of fish to the effects of toxic substances prevails over the reaction to the frightening field and the fish leaving the zone cross the zone with. In doing so, when passing each fish, the toxicity alarm sensor 12 generates an electrical signal, which is transmitted to control unit 5. These signals are memorized. If, over a specified period of time, three signals come from the toxicity alarm sensor 12, then after the third signal arrives at the moment, the control unit 5 generates a toxicity signal, disconnects the tank 2 from the distributor 4, discharges it to the clean water distributor 3, removes

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from the electrodes of the repellent field and turns off the toxicity alarm sensor 12, which is in this tank, for a time G both tanks are in the readaptation mode,

After some time T (delay time) at time t, another tank is put into operation, namely the tank},

The switching delay is necessary so that the high concentrations of toxic substances contained in the controlled wastewater at the time of forming the toxicity signal do not cause the alarm sensors 12 to operate alternately in both tanks for a short period of time, which could cause the indicator fish to die. in tanks, and device malfunction. The delay time 1 is determined by the necessary frequency of controlling the toxicity of the wastewater,

The toxic signal from the output of control unit 5 is fed to a recording device or equipment for collecting and processing information (not shown),

The proposed device for assessing the toxicity of wastewater has advantages over the known devices of domestic and foreign production, since it has a higher degree of confidence in the control.

The proposed device can be used to control the toxicity of wastewater from industrial enterprises and surface runoff from agricultural land, industrial enterprises and settlements, In addition, the device can be used to control the toxicity of wastewater from biological treatment plants. The device can be used both independently and as part of measuring systems for controlling wastewater, as well as in conjunction with automatic devices for sampling controlled wastewater.

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Claims (1)

Invention Formula Sewage toxicity assessment device according to the author, St. No. 971186, 7 Complementary 1N e with the fact that, in order to increase the reliability of controlling the toxicity of wastewater, each tank is equipped with additional electrodes connected to the control unit and serving to create 2836548 Dani between them and the main electrodes, the field returns the fish to the zone of their preferred stay, with additional electrodes installed at the nozzles to drain the water. 2i .2 five