SU1280289A1

SU1280289A1 - Top-fired furnace

Info

Publication number: SU1280289A1
Application number: SU843812236A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Леонид Александрович Бровкин; Людмила Павловна Олевская; Владимир Васильевич Приймачек; Владимир Александрович Горбунов; Людмила Сергеевна Крылова; Владимир Юрьевич Пронин; Евгений Владимирович Гусев
Original assignee: Ивановский "Знак Почета" Энергетический Институт Им.В.И.Ленина
Priority date: 1984-11-15
Filing date: 1984-11-15
Publication date: 1986-12-30

Abstract

Изобретение относитс к нагревательным печам и может быть использовано в металлургической и машиностроительной промьшшенности, Цель изобретени - улучшение условий сжигани топлива, повьшение надежности в работе печи и увеличение срока службы футеровки. Печь содержит ко- .жух 1, камеру 2 нагрева с боковыми стенками, выполненными из пористых огнеупорных блоков, которые установлены в два р да - наружный 3 и внутренний 4 - с зазорами, образующими каналы 5 и 6 дл подачи воздуха и горючего газа соответственно. Дл подачи воздуха предусмотрен патрубок 7, а дл подачи газа - патрубок 8. Огнеупорные блоки закреплены полыми болтами 9 с отверсти ми 10 и 11 на их концах. Отверсти 10 сообщены с каналом дл подачи воздуха, а отверсти 11 - с камерой нагрева. Расширение диапазона регулировани коэффициента расхода воздуха достигаетс выполнением в толще футеровки кольцевого вертикального канала 6. Повьппение надежности работы печи обеспечиваетс охлаждением болтов, закрепл ющих футеровку печи на кожухе . 3 ил. Гор.га S. (Л ьо 00 о N) СХ) ;о The invention relates to heating furnaces and can be used in the metallurgical and engineering industry. The purpose of the invention is to improve the conditions for burning fuel, increasing the reliability of the furnace and increasing the service life of the lining. The furnace contains co-burner 1, heating chamber 2 with side walls made of porous refractory blocks that are installed in two rows — outer 3 and inner 4 — with gaps forming channels 5 and 6 for supplying air and combustible gas, respectively. A nozzle 7 is provided for air supply, and a nozzle 8 for gas supply. The refractory blocks are fixed with hollow bolts 9 with openings 10 and 11 at their ends. The holes 10 are connected to the air supply channel, and the holes 11 are connected to the heating chamber. The expansion of the range of control of the air flow rate is achieved by making the lining of the annular vertical channel 6 thick. The reliability of the furnace operation is ensured by cooling the bolts securing the lining of the furnace to the casing. 3 il. Gor.ga S. (L oo 00 o N) CX); o

Description

Изобретение относитс к нагревательным печам и может быть использовано в металлургической и машиностроительной промышленности.The invention relates to heating furnaces and can be used in the metallurgical and engineering industries.

Цель изобретени - повышение надежности печи в работе и -улучшение условий сжигани топлива.The purpose of the invention is to improve the reliability of the furnace in operation and to improve the conditions for burning fuel.

Расширение диапазона регулировани коэффициента расхода воздуха достигаетс путем повышени стабильное ти горени топлива на поверхности футеровки и приводит к повьшению энергетического КПД печи. Повьш1ение надежности печи в работе обеспечиваетс , за счет увеличени срока слзлк- бы футеровки и болтов.Expanding the range of regulation of the air flow rate ratio is achieved by increasing the stable and burning fuel on the surface of the lining and leads to an increase in the energy efficiency of the furnace. Improving the reliability of the furnace in operation is ensured by increasing the duration of the linings and bolts.

На фиг. 1 представлена схема печи поверхностного горени ; на фиг. 2 - узел I на фиг. 1; на фиг. 3 - узел I на фиг. 1.FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a surface burning furnace; in fig. 2 — node I in FIG. one; in fig. 3 shows the node I in FIG. one.

Печь поверхностного горени содержит кожух 1, камеру 2 нагрева с боковыми стенками, выполненными из пористых огнеупорных блоков, которые установлены в два р да - наружный 3 и внутренний 4 - с зазорами, образующими каналы 5 и 6 дл подачи воздуха (между кожухом 1 и наружным р дом блоков) и горючего газа соответственно . Дл подачи воздуха предусмотрен патрубок 7, а дл подачи газа - патрубок 8. Огнеупорные блоки закреплены полыми болтами 9, стержни которых снабжены отверсти ми 10 и 11. Отверсти 10 сообщены с каналом дл подачи воздуха, а отверсти 11 - с камерой нагрева.The surface burning furnace contains a casing 1, a heating chamber 2 with side walls made of porous refractory blocks that are installed in two rows — outer 3 and inner 4 — with gaps forming channels 5 and 6 for supplying air (between casing 1 and outer a series of blocks) and combustible gas, respectively. A nozzle 7 is provided for air supply, and a nozzle 8 for gas supply. The refractory blocks are fixed with hollow bolts 9, the rods of which are provided with holes 10 and 11. Holes 10 are connected to the air supply channel, and holes 11 are connected to the heating chamber.

Печь поверхностного горени рабо- тает следующим odpasoM.The surface burning furnace operates as follows odpasoM.

В камеру 2 нагрева загружают нагреваемые заготовки (не показаны). Через патрубок 7 в канал 5 подают воздух, которьй через пористые огнеупорные блоки наружного р да 3 попадает в канал 6 дл подачи горючего газа. -Через патрубок 8 в канал 6 подают горючий газ, который перемешиваетс в последнем с воздухом. Затем газовоздущна горюча смесь сквозь внутренний р д 4 огнеупорных блоков попадает в камеру 2 нагрева. С помощью запальника (не показан) смесь поджигают на поверхности внутреннего р да 4 огнеупорных блоков; начинаетс горение и нагрев заготовок . Подаваемый дл сжигани газа воздух играет роль не только окислител , но и среды, охлаждаюш,ей коIn the camera 2 heat load heated billet (not shown). Through the nozzle 7 into the channel 5, air is supplied, which through the porous refractory blocks of the outer row 3 enters the channel 6 for the supply of combustible gas. Through pipe 8, a combustible gas is injected into channel 6, which is mixed with air in the latter. Then, the gas-gas combustible mixture through the inner row of 4 refractory blocks enters the heating chamber 2. Using a igniter (not shown), the mixture is ignited on the surface of the inner row of 4 refractory blocks; the combustion and heating of the preforms begin. The air supplied for gas combustion plays a role not only as an oxidizing agent, but also as a medium that cools it.

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жух 1 и пористые огнеупорные блоки р да 3, отбира тепло от указанных элементов печи. Одновременно с попаданием в канал 5 воздух проходит внутрь полых стержней болтов 9 через отверсти 10, охлаждает стержни и через отверсти 11 выходит в камеру 2 нагрева и далее участвует в сжигании горючего газа. Обдува обращенную к камере 2 нагрева поверхность огнеупорных блоков р да 4, выход щий из отверстий 11 воздух охлаждает и эту поверхность, и болты 9. После окончани нагрева заготовок их извлекают из камеры 2 нагрева печи и отключают подачу горючего газа и воздуха через патрубки соответственно 7 и 8.Zhukh 1 and porous refractory blocks of row 3, extracting heat from the indicated elements of the furnace. Simultaneously with the entry into the channel 5, the air passes inside the hollow rods of the bolts 9 through the holes 10, cools the rods and through the holes 11 enters the heating chamber 2 and then participates in the combustion of combustible gas. By blowing the surface of the refractory blocks of row 4 facing the heating chamber 2, the air coming out of the openings 11 cools both this surface and the bolts 9. After the heating of the blanks is finished, they are removed from the heating chamber 2 of the furnace and shut off the flow of combustible gas and air through nozzles respectively 7 and 8.

Болты креплени снабжены гайками и шайбами (не показаны). Дл обдува поверхности блоков можно использовать и специальные рассекатели потоков воздуха, однако выполнение вThe mounting bolts are equipped with nuts and washers (not shown). To blow the surface of the blocks, you can use special air flow dividers, however

25 стержн х болтов сверлений дл этой цели при достаточном количестве болтов креплени неэффективно.25 drill bolt rods for this purpose with a sufficient number of fastening bolts are inefficient.

Предлагаема печь позвол ет снизить расходы горючего газа, так как потери тепла в окружающую среду минимальны - кожух печи имеет температуру окружающей среды в результате охлаждени холодным воздухом, подаваемым на сжигание газа. При сжигании горючего газа развиваетс и более высока температура горени смеси за счет подогреваемого таким образом воздуха смеси. Срок службы болтов и огнеупорных блоков увеличиваетс при продувке и обдувке их относительно холодным воздухом. Температура блоков при этом снижаетс , и поэтому горение смеси в камере нагрева стабилизируетс . СтабильностьThe proposed furnace can reduce the cost of combustible gas, since the heat loss to the environment is minimal — the furnace casing has an ambient temperature as a result of cooling with cold air supplied to the combustion of the gas. When combustible gas is burned, a higher combustion temperature of the mixture develops due to the air heated in this way. The service life of bolts and refractory blocks increases when they are blown and blown out with relatively cold air. The temperature of the blocks then decreases, and therefore the combustion of the mixture in the heating chamber is stabilized. Stability

5 горени позвол ет измен ть коэффициент расхода воздуха в смеси в более широких пределах.5, the flow rate of the air in the mixture can be varied within wider limits.

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Claims

The invention relates to heating furnaces and can be used in the metallurgical and mechanical engineering industries. The purpose of the invention is to improve the reliability of the furnace in operation and to improve the conditions for burning fuel. Expansion of the range of regulation of the air flow rate ratio is achieved by increasing the stable burning of fuel on the surface of the base and leads to an increase in the energy efficiency of the furnace. Improving the reliability of the furnace in operation is provided by increasing the duration of the lining and bolts. FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a surface burning furnace; in fig. 2, node I in FIG. one; in fig. 3 shows the node I in FIG. 1. The surface burning furnace contains a casing 1, a heating chamber 2 with side walls made of porous refractory blocks that are installed in two rows — outer 3 and inner 4 — with gaps forming channels 5 and 6 for air supply (between the casing 1 and an outer row of blocks) and combustible gas, respectively. For supplying air, pipe 7 is provided, and gas supply is provided for pipe 8. Fire-resistant blocks are fixed with hollow bolts 9, the rods of which are provided with holes 10 and 11. Holes 10 are connected to the air supply channel, and holes 11 with a heating chamber. The surface burning furnace operates as follows. In the camera 2 heat load heated billet (not shown). Through the pipe 7 into the channel 5, air is supplied, which through porous fire, the thrust blocks of the outer row 3 of the butt gives into channel 6 for the supply of combustible gas. Through pipe 8, a combustible gas is injected into channel 6, which is mixed with air in the latter. Thereafter, the gas-gas combustible mixture through the inner row of 4 refractory blocks enters the heating chamber 2. Using a igniter (not shown), the mixture is ignited on the surface of the inner row of 4 refractory blocks; the combustion and heating of the preforms begin. The air supplied for gas combustion plays the role not only of the oxidizer, but also of the medium being cooled, its casing 1 and porous refractory blocks of row 3, extracting heat from the indicated elements of the furnace. Simultaneously with the entry into the channel 5, the air passes inside the hollow rods of the bolts 9 through the holes 10, cools the rods and through the holes 11 enters the heating chamber 2 and then participates in the combustion of combustible gas. By blowing the surface of the refractory blocks of row 4 facing the heating chamber 2, the air coming out of the openings 11 cools both this surface and the bolts 9. After heating is completed, the blanks are removed from the heating chamber 2 of the furnace and shut off the flow of combustible gas and air through the nozzles respectively and 8. The mounting bolts are equipped with nuts and washers (not shown). For blowing off the surface of the blocks, special air flow dividers can also be used, however, drilling holes in the bolts for this purpose with a sufficient number of fastening bolts is inefficient. The proposed furnace can reduce the cost of combustible gas, since the heat loss to the environment is minimal — the furnace casing has an ambient temperature as a result of cooling with cold air supplied to the combustion of the gas. When combustible gas is burned, a higher combustion temperature of the mixture develops due to the air heated in this way. The service life of bolts and refractory blocks increases when they are blown and blown out with relatively cold air. The temperature of the blocks then decreases, and therefore the combustion of the mixture in the heating chamber is stabilized. The combustion stability allows the mixture to vary the flow rate of the mixture over a wide range. Claim 1. A surface burning furnace comprising a metal casing lined from the inside by a gas-permeable lining fixed to the casing with a gap through bolts, in order to improve the reliability of the furnace and improve the conditions for burning fuel in a gas-permeable lining along the perimeter and The channel for the supply of gaseous fuel is completed over the entire height.

2. The furnace according to claim 1, is distinguished by the fact that the bolts connecting the gas-permeable lining with the casing are hollow with holes in their walls in the sections located in the gap between the casing and the lining and in the working chamber.

FIG. 2