SU1279685A1 - Vibratory centrifugal machine for separating granular materials by specific weight - Google Patents

Abstract

Invention m. Used for post-harvest processing of cereals. The purpose of the invention is to improve the performance and quality of separation due to the rational distribution of the radial components of the oscillation amplitude (RSAC) over the height of the cylindrical rotor (CR) 3. The machine includes a spring-mounted bracket 3 with a central longitudinal rod (CPS) 4, a loading device in the form of of the friction disk 7 at the upper end and the discharge element at the lower end with a separating ring 10 and the rotation drive of CR 3. The ring 10 forms located one above the other (L along the perimeter of the CR CR end 3 fronted // // / J tc -vj CD 0: 1 00 SL

Description

openings for the withdrawal of separation products, the upper of which is located in a horizontal plane passing through the center of swing of the oscillating part of the machine. The DSP 4 is equipped with an oscillation drive with an offset relative to the center of the body of the oscillating part of the machine in height with the possibility of oscillations in a direction inclined to the longitudinal axis of the DSP 4. step 9685

yen in the form of unbalance 12, mounted on the DSP A with the possibility of rotation around it in a plane inclined to the DSP axis 4. Distribution of the RSAC in the form of a vertical cone, with the base facing upwards, reduces the translational speed of movement of the grain mixture along the wall of TsR 3. In the separation zone RSAC missing about 1z.p. f-ly, 1 ill.

one

The invention relates to agricultural land building and can be used for post-harvest processing of grain crops, as well as for sorting other bulk materials.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the separation capacity and quality by rational distribution of the radial components of the amplitude of oscillations over the height of the cylindrical rotor.

The drawing shows a constructive scheme of a vibration centrifugal machine.

The machine includes a case 1 on a spring suspension 2. The working body is a vertically arranged cylindrical rotor 3 with a central longitudinal rod 4. The rotor 3 rests its lower part on the case 1 and forms a rotational kinematic pair with the case. At the upper end of the rod 4 of the cylindrical rotor, which is rigidly connected to the housing 1, an oscillation drive is mounted in the form of a single-shaft unbalance vibrator 5. The rotor cover 6 contains a loading device in the form of a friction disk 7. At the bottom hour: the rotor at a distance L from the center Tin C of the oscillating part of the machine in the discharge element is made the upper annular opening 8 with an adjusting flap 9 for separation of the grain mixture fractions. A separating ring 10 is placed under the annular opening 8. The adjusting flap 9 is a ring encompassing the rotor 3 in external diameter and having the possibility of relative displacement along its wall during the adjustment process. The vibrator 5 comprises a shaft 11 mounted with the possibility of changing its angle of inclination / relative to the rod 4 of the cylindrical rotor 3. The unbalance 12 is rigidly fixed on the shaft 11. The rotation is transmitted to the shaft 11 by a flexible shaft 13, the rotation drive of the rotor 3 contains a coupling 14, which allows axial and radial displacement of the axes of the transmission shafts. Vibration-centrifugal machine

works in the following way

Using the valve 9 priotkrshayut the annular hole 8 to the desired value. The rotor 3 reported rotational motion and through the vibrator 5 spatial oscillatory motion. When installing the vibrator shaft 11 in the common plane (), the points of the oscillating rotor 3 describe complex spatial

trajectories, and the rod 4 is a spatial cone with vertex K on the rotor axis. Point K is the center of swing and is located on the opposite side of the vibrator at a distance from

center of gravity of the oscillating system equal to

t - -Ye. X

 ml (.J

where -I is total1) W moment of inertia

Claims (2)

the oscillating part about its central horizontal axis; go is the mass of the oscillating part; t is the distance between the center of gravity of the oscillating part and the vibrator; the torsional stiffness of the spring suspension relative to the central horizontal axis, per unit moment I; L is the stiffness of the spring hanger in the direction of the rotor axis, which is per unit mass m; - The circular oscillation frequency of the rotor. The grain mixture enters the friction | disk 7 and, under the influence of the center of the bend force, is dropped onto the inner surface of the rotor 3. Under the influence of centrifugal forces, gravity and oscillatory effects from the rotor 3, the seed mixture is intensively redistributed by specific gravity and moving the mixture down from the disk 7 to the annular opening 8. The distribution of the radial components of the amplitudes in the form of a vertical cone, turned by the base of the cable, helps to reduce the translational speed of movement of the grain mixture along the rotor walls. With the same purpose, by adjusting the angle of inclination () of the shaft 11, the axial components of the oscillation amplitudes can be changed, determining the axial displacement. This eliminates the need for using ripper spikes to eliminate excessive material flow. To the annular opening 8 of the grain mixture comes already formed in the form of layers with different specific gravity. A tighter seed fraction adjacent to the inner wall of the cylindrical rotor 3 is displaced by centrifugal inertial forces into the annular opening 8, and the light fraction more distant from the rotor wall 3, the circular opening 8 enters the separating ring 10, Separated the fractions of the seeds are ejected by the forces of inertia of the rotating rotor 3 to the outside. Exact separation of the grain mixture layers by an annular opening is possible only in the absence of radial (transverse) components of the amplitude of the rotor 3 in the zone n posredst854 venous dividing (in the presence of radial vibrations possibly only a rough separation of the layers, as in these conditions there is a continuous circulation of particles does not flow only in the longitudinal but also in the radial direction). In the proposed construction, the absence of radial components in the separation zone is ensured by the fact that the annular opening 8 is located in a horizontal plane passing through the center of oscillations To the axis of the rotor 3. During the oscillation process of the rotor 3, the point K remains constant and, consequently, the quality of separation of layers of individual fractions do not deteriorate. However, the radial components of the oscillation amplitudes substantially activate the process of seed distribution in the layer. In the proposed machine, the radial components, due to the installation of the vibrator offset from the center of gravity of the oscillating system, take maximum values in the zone of redistribution of particles in the grain layer and decrease as they approach the seed separation line (here they are equal to zero). This allows, with that head of the cylindrical rotor 3, to increase the supply of the material being processed, i.e. significantly increase separation performance. In addition, each processed mixture is characterized by the presence of an optimal combination of components of the amplitude of oscillations. The proposed design provides the necessary combination of axial and radial components, set by the corresponding inclination j3 of the shaft 11 of the vibrator 5 with respect to the rod 4. Thus, using the optimal mode of oscillation allows improve machine performance. Claim 1. Vibration-centrifugal machine for separating granular materials by specific weight, including a vertical cylindrical rotor mounted on a spring suspension with a central longitudinal rod, a loading device at the upper end and a discharge element at the lower end with a separating ring, forming 11C1m located under each other perimeter of the end face of the cylindrical rotor; annular openings for the withdrawal of separation products; rotational drive of the cylindrical rotor; It is associated with a central longitudinal rod, characterized in that, in order to increase the separation quality and quality by rationally distributing the radial components of the amplitude of oscillations over the height of the cylindrical rotor, the institute oscillating drive is mounted on the central longitudinal rod with an offset from the center the height of the vibrating part of the machine in height with the possibility of oscillation in the direction inclined to the longitudinal axis of the central rod, and the upper annular opening is located in the horizontal a plane passing through the center of oscillation of the vibrating part of the machine. 2. A machine in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the drive of oscillations is performed in the form of an unbalance mounted on the central longitudinal rod with the possibility of rotation around it in a plane inclined to the axis of the central longitudinal rod.