SU1275648A1 - Method of checking serviceability of outdoor lighting section - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to electrical engineering. The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability of the control. To determine the health, voltage sensors 16, 18, and 21 control the presence of voltage at the end of each stage 1, 8, and 13 of the cascade and, using generators 15, 19, and 22 pulses, generate information pulses H Ge: y L-JLSSSS J of the corresponding frequency. The natural frequency of the pulse generators of each section of the cascade is less than the frequency of the pulse generator of the subsequent section of the cascade. When there is voltage in each section 1 and 8 of the cascade and current information pulses at the beginning of the subsequent plots 8 and 13, respectively, recorded by sensors 17 and 20 pulses, these pulses embrace the generators 15 and 19 pulses, which transmit information pulses in this mode equal to the frequency of the pulses of the subsequent section. In case of failure of any section of the cascade, s for example 13, the generator 19 is reset (L pulses do not occur, and pulses will be transmitted throughout the cascade, the frequency of which corresponds to the natural frequency of the generator of pulses of the cascade preceding the faulty one. the frequency of current information pulses detected by the sensor 23 pulses at the beginning of the first section of the cascade 4 ill. Put.f

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular, to methods for remote indication of the modes of operation of an outdoor lighting network and can be used to control an outdoor lighting network with cascade control. The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability of the control. Figure 1 shows a structural diagram of an outdoor lighting cascade with control elements; 2, time diagrams of the information pulses of the outdoor lighting cascade control; FIG. 3 is an example of the implementation of a method for monitoring the operability of the outdoor lighting cascade for intermediate sections of the cascade; 4, the same for the first section of the cascade. The method is implemented in the following manner. The outdoor lighting cascade contains several sections. First uchas. The current 1 of FIG. 1) of the cascade is connected to the power supply 2 via the contactor 3. Throughout the stage 1 of the cascade, sources of light 4 are connected, and the coil of the contactor 5 is connected to the end of the section, contacts of which 6 are connected between the power supply 7 and the second section 8 of the cascade to which the light sources 9 and the coil of the contactor 10 are connected. The contacts 11 of the contactor 10 are connected between, the power source 12 and the third section 13 of the cascade, the sources 14 of the light are connected to KOTOpoi iy. Generator 15 pulses 5 are connected to the end of stage 1 of the cascade, the first input of which is connected to the output of voltage sensor 16 connected to the end of the first section 1 of cascade and the second input is connected to the output of sensor 17 of pulses installed in one of the poles of the second section 8 of the cascade. The sensor 18 is connected to the end of the second section 8 of the cascade, the output of which is connected to the first input of the impulse generator 19 connected to the end of the section 8 of the cascade. The second input of the generator 19 of pulses is connected to the output of the sensor 20 of pulses installed in the third section 19 of the cascade, to the end of which voltage sensor 21 is connected, the output of which is connected to the first input of generator 22 of pulses, connected to the phase and neutral wires of the third section 13 of the cascade. At the beginning of the first section 1 of the cascade, a pulse sensor 23 is installed, connected to the device 24 for measuring the pause duration. Voltage sensor 16 18 and 21 (FIG. 3) contains a three-phase rectifier 25, the output of which is connected to the load — a ballast resistor 26 and a zener diode 27 through a thyristor 28, having a phase-shifting chain from resistor 29, capacitor 30 and dynistor 31, sensor output 16, 18 and 21 voltages are connected to the first input of the generator 15, (19 and 22) pulses. The pulse generator 15 (19 and 22) has a key link, made in the form of a triac 32 and a load resistor 33. The control transition of the triac 32 through the thyristor 34 is connected to the first secondary section of the transformer 35, the second section of this winding is connected via diode 36 to the capacitor 37 , to the poles of which, through a resistor 38, is connected a thyristor control transition 34, which is shunted by thyristor 39. Controls the thyristor electrode 39 through a rectifying bridge 40 connected to the secondary winding of a current transformer 41 the narrow circuit of the triac 32. The first input of the generator 15 (19 and 22) pulses is connected to the charging chain of the timer, consisting of a capacitor 42 and a resistor 43, con, the capacitor 42 through the emitter and the first base of the unijunction transistor 44 is connected to the shunt a buffer diode 46. The second base of the unijunction transistor 44 is connected to the positive pole of the first input of the pulse generator through a resistor 47. The second input of the pulse generator is connected to the current relay 48. The first short circuit; contact 49 of the current relay 48 bridges the capacitor 42 o. The second closing contact 50 of the current relay 48 is between the primary winding of the transformer 35 and the neutral wire. Parallel to contact 50, contact 51 of relay 45 is connected. Contacts 49 and 50 of relay 48 and contact 51 of relay 45 have a time delay to open. The device 24 for measuring the pause duration contains a pulse generator made on a single junction transistor 52 (FIG. 4), between the first base of which and the negative bus

power supply is connected to the primary winding of the pulse transformer 53, and a resistor 54 is connected between the second base of transistor 52 and the positive power line. The emitter of the single junction transistor 52 is connected to the time of the driving circuit from a resistor 55 connected to the positive power line and a capacitor 56 connected to the negative power line . The negative power supply bus of the pulse generator is connected to the switching contact 57 of the current relay 58 connected to the secondary winding of the current transformer of the pulse sensor 23. The locking group of the switching contact 57 is connected to the connection point. the emitter of the unijunction transistor 52 with a capacitor 56, and the opening group is connected to the switching contact 59 of the voltage relay 60, the coil of which is connected between the zero and phase wires of the cascade section 1. Breaker switch group. contact 59 is connected to the emitter of the unijunction transistor 52, the closing group with the switching contact 61 of the Reset button. The closing group of the switching contact 61 is connected to the emitter of the unijunction transistor 52, and the opening group is connected to the negative pole of the power supply 62 connected to the phase and neutral wires of the power supply 2. The following circuits are connected between the positive and negative power buses of the pulse generator: from the thyristor 63 and the relay 64, the thyristor 65 and the relay 66, the thyristor 67 and the relay 68, the thyristor 69 and the relay 70. A capacitor 71 is connected between the anodes of the thyristors 63 and 65, between the anodes of the thyristors 65 and 67 is turned on capacitor 72, between the anodes of thyristors 67 and 69 is turned on capacitor 73. The control electrodes of thyristors 63, 65, 67 and 69 are connected through the switching contacts 74-76 of the relay 64, 66 and 68 to the secondary winding of the pulse transformer 53. Between the positive bus food connected to the positive pole of the power source 62 and the negative power bus connected to the switching contact 61, an information device is included that contains chains of the thyristor 77 and the lamp 78, the thyristor 79 and the lamp 80,

thyristor 81 and lamp 82, thyristor 83 and lamp 84. Between the anodes of the thyristors 77 and 79 there is a capacitor 85, between the anodes of the thyristors 79 and 81 there is a capacitor 86, between the anodes of the thyristors 81 and 83 there is a capacitor 87. The control electrodes of the thyristors 77, 79, 81 and 83 through the contacts 88-91 of the relay 64, 66, 68 and 70, respectively, are connected to a series circuit of the resistor 92 and the disconnecting contact 93 of the relay 94 to the positive power supply bus. The relay coil 94 is connected through a series circuit from the closing contacts 95 and 96 of the relay 58 and 94 to the switching contact 61. Parallel to the contact 95 are the closing contacts 97-99 of the relay 66, 68 and 70 respectively. Parallel to contact 95, the closing contact 100 of the relay 58 current pulses is connected. In parallel. the coil of relay 93 is connected to the audio source 101.

Lamps 78, 80, 82 and 84 are intended to indicate the operation of a cascade in outdoor lighting. Ignition of the lamp 78 means the operation of all three sections 1, 8 and 13 of the cascade (operation of the whole cascade for this example). Ignition of the lamp 80 - means the work of two sections 1 and 8 of the cascade, the ignition of the lamp 82 corresponds to the work of one section 1, the ignition of the lamp 84 corresponds. No failure in the work of all three sections of the cascade. Lamp 78 signals the normal operation of the cascade, lamtsy 80, 82, 84 - about the accident in the cascade. The control of the operability of the outdoor lighting cascade is carried out as follows. When the contactor 3 is turned on, the first section 1 is energized. In this case, the coil of the contactor 5 provides for switching on the contacts 11, connecting the second section 8 of the cascade to the power supply 7, and the coil of the contactor 10 ensures the closure of the contacts 11 connecting the third section 13 of the cascade to the power supply 12. When there is a three-phase voltage at the ends of sections 1, 8, and 13, the sensors 16, 18, and 21 supply the control voltage to the first inputs of the generators 15, 19, and 22 pulses. Each pulse generator starts to generate information pulses i. At the same time, the generator 15 pulses produces pulses 102 (FIG. 2) with a period T, the pulse generator 19 produces pulses 103 with a period T 5 and the generator 22 produces pulses 104 with a period T. Since the pulse frequency from the pulse generator 22 itself is large, the moment the cascade is turned on. the first will generate a pulse from generator 22. This pulse will be fixed by sensor 20 of pulses, and the signal when it is fixed, taken from its output and fed to the first input of generator 19 of pulses, gives the command to generate information pulse 105 by generator of 19 pulses in the area. 8 cascade. At the same time, the pause T „between the pulses characterizes the serviceability of the shear cascade section 8 to the zero mark. Similarly, the pulse 106 of information on the chastku 1 is relayed.

Thus, at the first sections 1, B and 13 of the cascade, at the beginning of the cascade, the sensor of 23 pulses records information pulses 107 with a period T. indicating 5 that information comes from the end of the last section 13 of the cascade, which makes it possible to judge the cascade

In emergency situations, for example, in cascade, for example, if one of the wires of the last section 13 of the cascade is broken, the output of the voltage sensor 21 does not come to the impulse generator 22. In this case, the generator 22 of pulses to form the pulses stops. In this case, by the cascade only pulses 108 are transmitted with a period Ω T, corresponding to the healthy state of section 8 of the cascade.

Thus, measuring the pauses T, between the pulses at the beginning of section 1, makes it possible to assess the emergency situation, that is, the failure of the last section 13 of the cascade, since there are no pauses with duration T: sweat.

The implementation of the method taking into account the operation of the control elements of the cascade is as follows

When the outdoor lighting cascade is turned on at the end of each section of the cascade, the voltage is monitored by means of voltage sensors 16 (18 and 21), while at all three poles of the straighteners 25 there is voltage using a pulse generated by the phase-shifting element from the resistor 29, the capacitor 30 and the dynistor 31, the thyristor 28 is unlocked; in this case, if there are load TOKas in it from the zener diode 27 to the first input of the generator 15 (19 and 22) pulses, the voltage is removed. In the generators 15 (19 and 22) of the pulses, this voltage is applied to a timer made on one, on the operands of the input transistor 44, and depending on the parameters of the chains from the resistor 43 and the capacitor 42, the time of these chains for each of the generators is 15 (19 and 22) pulses are different and determine the frequency of the information current pulse. The pulse frequency 15 is less than that of the generator 19 pulses-g ow 5 and the pulse frequency of the generator 19 pulses is less than that of the generator 22 pulses. The formation of single control pulses is detected by the triggering of the relay 45, contacts 51 of which connect the primary winding of the control transformer 35, which ensures one-half-time switching of the triac 32 of the key link and generation of current information pulse to the cascade section of the cascade of all current sections of the cascade first the queue with respect to the moment of switching on the cascade forms an information pulse at the end of the last section 13 of the cascade by the generator 22 of impulses. This information current is detected by the sensor 20 pulses. The pulse removed from the output of the sensor 20 pulses, is fed to the relay 48 current generator 19 pulses. The contacts 49 and 50 are closed, thus discharging the capacitor 42 discharged the oscillator timer 19 pulses, and the key link of this generator generates an information current pulse in section 8 of the cascade. Thus, the information pulse generated by the pulse generator 22 is transmitted from one segment on the other, at the beginning of section 8 of the cascade, the information pulse is detected by the pulse sensor 17 and transmitted by means of the pulse generator 15 to section 1 of the cascade. When the outdoor lighting cascade is turned on from the moment the contacts of the contactor 3 are closed and the voltage is applied to the stage 1 in the pause length measuring device 24, a voltage relay 60 is activated which, using its switching contact 59, negatively connects the power supply bus of the pulse generator to the negative; 62 power supply, with a diode-deactivated capacitor 56, capacitor 56 begins to charge and after a time delay T less than the time delay Ti, generates a pulse to the impulse transformer 53. Imagined from the secondary winding of the transformer 53, this pulse through the switching contacts 76, 75 and 74 is applied to the control electrode of the thyristor 63, which, resting, turns on the relay 64. The contact 88 of the relay 64 closes and through the contacts 93, the resistor 92, the contacts 91, 90 and 89 to the control electrode of the thyristor 77 supplies a control signal. The thyristor 77 retracts, and a current flows through the lamp 78. When the sensor 23 pulses the information pulse at the beginning of the first section of cascade 1, current is connected to current relay 58, current is measured in pause time measuring device 24, current relay 58 trips, and switching contact 57 disconnects the negative voltage supply bus from negative source power supply 62 shunts capacitor 56. When de-energizing the pulse generator circuit, the thyristor 63 is locked and relay 64 is turned off. After the action of the current information pulse, the contact 57 returns to its original position, the generator starts to generate a control pulse and, after holding T, the thyristor 63 again opens, but the current information pulse with a period T, taken from the pulse sensor 23, again locks the thyristor 63 according to the above technology . At the same time, the lamp 78 remains on, indicating that the current information pulse with a period T is fixed, which indicates normal operation of all three sections of the cascade. In an emergency situation in the cascade, for example, a wire break in the cascade section 13, the voltage sensor 21 (Fig. 1) closes the thyristor 28 (Fig. 3). In this case, no voltage is applied to the input of the timer of the pulse generator 22. Thus, the pulse generator 22 does not generate current information pulses. Since the second input of the pulse generator 19 does not receive signals from the pulse sensor 20, the pulse generator 19 forms 1-) its information pulses with a period T. These pulses are broadcast in a cascade and recorded by a pulse sensor 23. When the pulses with a period T are fixed in the measurement device 24, the pulse generator generates two control pulses with a period T, the thyristors 63 and then 65 are sequentially turned on. Unlocking the thyristor 65 causes the thyristor 63 to be locked. When current passes through the thyristor 65, relay 66 turns on which by means of pin 89 switches the control circuit of the thyristor 79. Unlocking the thyristor 79 leads to the ignition of the lamp 80 and the locking of the thyristor 77 and turning off the lamp 78. When the relay 66 is turned on, contact 97 closes 97, At the time of fixation and an information current pulse with a period of 1 triggers a current relay 58, which by its contacts 57 de-energizes the pulse generator circuit, and contacts 96 closes the power circuit of relay 84. Relay 94 operates, blocking with its contacts 100 contacts 96 of the current relay 58, and the source starts 101 beeps, indicating the presence of an accident in a cascade. By contacts 93 of relay 94, the thyristor control circuit 77, 79, 81 and 83 is broken, so that the next cycle of operation of the pulse generator could not reset the alarm. The device for measuring the silence of the pause is reset by pressing the Reset button, in which the switching contact 61 interrupts the power supply circuit of the entire device and bypasses the capacitor 56. In the event of an accident in the second section 8 of the cascade, the lamp 82 is lit, in the event of an accident in the first section of the cascade 84 is lit The inclusion of amp and sound data is made about the technology described above. The formula of the invention is a method for monitoring the operability of an outdoor lighting cascade, at which voltage is monitored in

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each section of the cascade, generate information current pulses at the end of each section of the cascade, record these pulses at the beginning of each section of the cascade, and judge the status of the cascade according to the information; fixed at the beginning of the first section of the cascade, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of the control, the voltage is controlled at the end of each section of the cascade and, if there is voltage at the end of the last section of the cascade, in-. formational current pulses of a given frequency5, in the presence of voltage at the end of each cascade section, except for the last, and fixing the presence at the beginning of the next section of the helmet7564810

Yes, informational current pulses of a certain frequency form information pulses of current of the same frequency at the end of this section, and if there are no 5 pulses at the beginning of the next section of the cascade, current information pulses are generated at the end of this section of the cascade with the frequency corresponding to this section Q current pulses corresponding to this section of the cascade,

less than the frequency of the information pulse, the current corresponding to the sequence of the cascade section, and the cascade is judged on the frequency of the current information pulses recorded at the beginning of the first section of the cascade.

Section 1

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Claims (1)

Claim A method of monitoring the operability of the outdoor lighting cascade, in which the presence of voltage in each section of the cascade is monitored, information current pulses are generated at the end of each section of the cascade. These pulses are recorded at the beginning of each section of the cascade and the state of the cascade is judged by the information recorded at the beginning of the first section of the cascade, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of the control, the voltage is monitored at the end of each section of the cascade and in the presence of voltage at the end of the last section of the cascade of forms informational current pulses of a given frequency are generated in it, if there is a voltage at the 15th end of each of the sections of the cascade, except the last, and the presence of ¹⁰ current information pulses of a certain frequency at the beginning of the subsequent section of the cascade is formed, informational current pulses are formed at the end of this section the same frequency, and at 5 the absence of the indicated pulses at the beginning of the subsequent section of the cascade forms information pulses of current at the end of this section of the cascade with a frequency corresponding to this section of the cascade, while the frequency of information pulses of the current corresponding to this section of the cascade is lower than the frequency of information pulses, current corresponding to the subsequent section of the cascade, moreover, the health of the cascade is judged by the frequency of information current pulses recorded at the beginning of the first section of the cascade. FIG. 2 f6nSit21) Fig. 3