SU1270502A2

SU1270502A2 - Thermocompressor

Info

Publication number: SU1270502A2
Application number: SU853894354A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Сергей Алексеевич Сидорцев; Геннадий Васильевич Зарубин
Original assignee: Научно-Исследовательский Институт Строительной Физики Госстроя Ссср
Priority date: 1985-05-12
Filing date: 1985-05-12
Publication date: 1986-11-15

Description

Изобретение относится к холодильной технике, а именно к тепловым насосам, и может найти применение для теплоснабжении зданий.The invention relates to refrigeration, in particular to heat pumps, and may find application for heat supply to buildings.

Цель изобретения — повышение экономичности путем использования верхних слоев грунта в качестве низкопотенциального источника тепла.The purpose of the invention is to increase efficiency by using the upper layers of the soil as a low-grade heat source.

На фиг.1 изображен предлагаемый тепловой насос, разрез; на фиг.2 — то же, с многосекционным детандером, разрез.Figure 1 shows the proposed heat pump, section; figure 2 is the same, with a multi-section expander, a section.

Тепловой насос состоит из электрохимического компрессора 1, электрохимического детандера 2, регенеративного теплообменника 3, реостата 4 и циркуляционного контура 5.The heat pump consists of an electrochemical compressor 1, an electrochemical expander 2, a regenerative heat exchanger 3, a rheostat 4 and a circulation circuit 5.

Компрессор 1 содержит ионообменную мембрану 6, пористые электроды низкого 7 и высокого 8 давлений рабочего тела, полости низкого 9 и высокого 10 давлений рабочего тела, теплопроводные металлические сетки 11 и 12, заполняющие полости 9 и 10, керамическую рамку 13, наружные металлические теплопроводные стенки 14 и 15, ограничивающие полости 9 и 10, металлические оребрения 16 и 17 на стенках 14 и 15.The compressor 1 contains an ion-exchange membrane 6, porous electrodes of low 7 and high 8 pressures of the working fluid, cavities of low 9 and high 10 pressures of the working fluid, heat-conducting metal nets 11 and 12, filling cavities 9 and 10, ceramic frame 13, external metal heat-conducting walls 14 and 15, limiting cavities 9 and 10, metal fins 16 and 17 on the walls 14 and 15.

Детандер 2 имеет ионообменную цилиндрическую мембрану 18, пористые цилиндрические электроды низкого 19 и высокого 20 давлении рабочего тела, цилиндрические полости низкого 2! и высокого 22 давлений рабочего тела, теплопроводные металлические сетки 23 н 24, заполняющие полости 21 и 22, керамические диски 25. наружные металлические теплопроводные стенки 26 и 27, ограничивающие полости 21 и 22, и металлические оребрения 28 и 29 на стенках 26 и 27.Expander 2 has an ion-exchange cylindrical membrane 18, porous cylindrical electrodes of low 19 and high 20 pressure of the working fluid, cylindrical cavities of low 2! and high 22 pressures of the working fluid, heat-conducting metal nets 23 n 24, filling cavities 21 and 22, ceramic disks 25. outer metal heat-conducting walls 26 and 27, bounding cavities 21 and 22, and metal fins 28 and 29 on walls 26 and 27.

Циркуляционный контур 5 содержит змеевиковый трубный теплообменник 30, циркуляционный насос 31, теплоизолированный от внешней среды резервуар 32, заполненный теплоносителем 33, подводящий 34 и отводящий 35 трубопроводы и верхний слой грунта 36.The circulation circuit 5 contains a coil pipe heat exchanger 30, a circulation pump 31, a tank 32 insulated from the external environment, filled with coolant 33, supply 34 and discharge pipes 35 and the topsoil 36.

Тепловой насос работает следующим образом.The heat pump operates as follows.

Насосом 31 теплоноситель 33 прогоняется по циркуляционному контуру, в результате чего в теплообменнике 30 происходит отбор тепла от верхнего слоя грунта, нагретого солнечной радиацией, и передача его теплоносителю. В резервуаре 32 тепло от теплоносителя 33 через ребра 28 и 29, стенки 26 и 27 и сетчатый материал 23 и 24 воспринимается электродами 19 и 20 и электролитом 18. При этом в детандере 2 под действием градиента электростатического поля происходит переток ионов газа через слой электролита 18 с одновременным расширением газа и восприятием им тепла, переходящего от поверхностных слоев грунта 36. Из полости 21 низкого давления детандера 2 газ перетекает по внутренней трубе теплообменника-регенератора 3 в полость 9 низкого давления компрессора 1. Здесь иони зированный газ под действием градиента электростатического поля перетекает через электроды 7 и 8 и электролит 6 в полость 10 высокого давления компрессора 1, при этом происходит сжатие газа с одновременным выделением тепла, которое передается воздуху помещения, в которое расположен компрессор. При этом тепло в помещение от газа переходит через стенки 14 и 15, сетки II и 12 и ребра 16 и 17 компрессора 1. Регенерация тепла между теплым и холодным газом осуществляется в регенеративном теплообменнике 3 при протеиании теплого газа из полости высокого давления компрессора 1 в полость высокого давления детандера 2. Для более эффективной регенерации тепла внутренняя труба теплообменника-регенератора 3 снабжена ребрами. Для осуществления процессов сжатия газа в компрессоре 1 и его расширения в детандере 2 через электроды 7 и 8, мембрану 6, электроды 19 и 20 и электролит 18 пропускается электрический ток от источника постоянного тока. При этом указанные электроды и электролит последовательно включены в электропроводку, в которую для регулирования напряжения тока также включен реостат 4. Таким образом осуществляется передача тепла от поверхностных слоев грунта к воздуху нагреваемого помещения.With the pump 31, the coolant 33 is driven along the circulation circuit, as a result of which heat is taken from the upper soil layer heated by solar radiation in the heat exchanger 30 and transferred to the coolant. In the tank 32, heat from the coolant 33 through the fins 28 and 29, the walls 26 and 27 and the mesh material 23 and 24 is perceived by the electrodes 19 and 20 and the electrolyte 18. In this case, in the expander 2 under the influence of the electrostatic field gradient, gas ions flow through the electrolyte layer 18 with simultaneous expansion of the gas and the perception of heat transferred from the surface layers of the soil 36. From the low-pressure cavity 21 of the expander 2, the gas flows through the inner pipe of the heat exchanger-regenerator 3 into the low-pressure cavity 9 of the compressor 1. Here, ionized Under the influence of the electrostatic field gradient, gas flows through electrodes 7 and 8 and electrolyte 6 into the high-pressure cavity 10 of compressor 1, and gas is compressed while heat is released, which is transferred to the air in the room where the compressor is located. In this case, the heat from the gas to the room passes through the walls 14 and 15, meshes II and 12 and the ribs 16 and 17 of the compressor 1. Heat recovery between warm and cold gas is carried out in the regenerative heat exchanger 3 when warm gas flows from the high-pressure cavity of the compressor 1 into the cavity high pressure expander 2. For more efficient heat recovery, the inner tube of the heat exchanger-regenerator 3 is equipped with fins. To carry out the processes of gas compression in the compressor 1 and its expansion in the expander 2 through the electrodes 7 and 8, the membrane 6, the electrodes 19 and 20 and the electrolyte 18 an electric current is passed from a direct current source. Moreover, these electrodes and electrolyte are successively connected to the wiring, in which rheostat 4 is also included to regulate the voltage. Thus, heat is transferred from the surface layers of the soil to the air of the heated room.

Claims

The invention relates to a cooling system, namely to heat pumps, and can be used for heat supply of buildings. The purpose of the invention is to increase efficiency by using upper layers of the soil as a low potential heat source. Figure 1 shows the proposed heat pump section; figure 2 - the same, with a multi-section expander, the section. The heat pump consists of an electrochemical compressor 1, an electrochemical expander 2, a regenerative heat exchanger 3, a rheostat 4 and a circulation circuit 5. Compressor i contains an ion-exchange membrane 6, porous electrodes of low 7 and high 8 pressures of the working fluid, cavity 9 and high of 10 degrees of working bodies, heat-conducting metal grids 1 and 12, filling cavities 9 and 10, ceramic frame 13, external megalic heat-conducting walls 14 and 15, limiting cavities 9 and 10, metal fins 16 and 17 on the walls 14 and 15. Expander 2 has a cylindrical ion-exchange membrane 18, porous cylindrical electrons of a low 19 n high 20 daleyp of the working fluid, an ilindrical cavity of low 2 and a high 22 of the pressure of the working fluid, heat-conducting metal meshes 23 and 24, filling the cavities 21 and 22, ceramic disks 25. external metal heat-conducting walls 26 and 27, limiting the cavities 21 v; 22, metal o) fumes 28 and 29 on walls 26 and 27. Circuit circuit 5 contains a coil tubular heat exchanger 30, a circulating 1C-I1 pump 31, a tank 32 insulating from the external medium, filled with heat carrier 33, supplying 34 n discharge 35 piping and topsoil 36. The heat pump works in the following way. By pump 31, the coolant 33 is run through the circulation circuit, as a result of which heat exchanger 30 takes heat from the upper layer of the rpyirra heated by solar radiation and transfers it to the coolant. In tank 32, heat from coolant 33 through fins 28 and 29, walls 26 and 27, and mesh material 23 n 24 is sensed by electrodes 19 and 20 and electrolyte 18. In addition, in expander 2, the effect of an electrostatic field gradient causes gas ions to flow through the electrolyte layer 18 simultaneous expansion of the gas and its perception of heat transferring from the surface layers of the soil 36. From the cavity 21 of the low pressure of the expander 2, the gas flows in the inner tube of the heat exchanger-regenerator 3 into the cavity 9 of the low pressure of the compressor. Here, the non-imbedded gas under the action of the electrostatic field gradient flows through eleetrodes 7 and 8 and electrolyte 6 into the cavity 10 of the high pressure of compressor 1, while the gas is compressed while simultaneously releasing heat, which is transferred to the air in the room where the compressor is located. In this case, heat from gas passes through walls 14 and 15, grids 1 and 12, and fins 16 and 17 of compressor I. Heat recovery between warm and cold gas is carried out in a regenerative heat exchanger 3 when warm gas flows from a high-pressure cavity. the compressor 1 into the cavity of the high pressure of the expander 2. For more efficient heat recovery inside the heat exchanger-regenerator tube 3 is provided with fins. In order to carry out the processes of gas compression in the compressor and its expansion in the expander 2, the electrodes 7 and 8, the membrane 6, the electrodes 19 and 20, and the electrolyte 18 are supplied with electric current from a direct current source. Moreover, these electrodes and the electrolyte are consistently included in the wiring, in; A rheostat 4 is also included for adjusting the voltage of the current. Thus, heat is transferred from the surface layers of the soil to the air of the heated change. The invention claims 1. Heat pump according to aut. St. No. 1108305, characterized in that, in order to be more economical by using Bcpximx soil layers as a low-grade heat source, the pump further comprises a circulation loop and a coil heat exchanger installed in it, located in a horizontal plane in the upper soil layers, pump and tank, moreover, the expander is located inside the latter.

2. Pump on and. i, characterized in that the expander is made sectional and sections with the same pressure are hydraulically interconnected, and like electrodes of the sections are electrically interconnected in parallel with each other.

cpus.2