SU1265489A1 - Vibration transducer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to vibration measuring technology and allows improving the noise immunity of a vibration sensor by obtaining information at the sensor output in digital form by using a layer of a ferromagnet with an uneven magnetization. The vibration sensor includes a housing mounted therein with the possibility of axial movement of a spring-loaded measuring rod of paramagnetic material, having a cross section of a rectangular shape. A layer of a ferromagnet with a non-uniform magnetization along the length of the rod, with which the block of magnetic heads contacts, is deposited on one of the sides of the rod. When a measuring rod moves, when it comes into contact with a controllable object (a digital (pulse) signal appears at the output of the magnetic heads. 2 Il.

Description

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The invention relates to a vibration measuring technique and can be used to measure low frequency oscillations in seismic drilling equipment.

The aim of the invention is to improve the noise immunity of the sensor.

FIG. I presents the vibration sensor, a general view; in fig. 2 - the same, top view. .

The vibration sensor includes a housing 1 mounted therein with the possibility of axial movement and spring-loaded spring 2 measuring rod 3 made of a paramagnetic material, such as aluminum, and having a rectangular cross section. A layer 4 of a ferromagnet 5 having a nonuniform magnetization along the length of the rod is deposited on the surface of one of the sides of the rod 3. In contact with layer 4 of the ferromagnet there is a block of 5 magnetic heads, which are assembled in frame 6 and mounted for movement along guides 7 and 8. For precise alignment of block 5 of magnetic heads, the sensor is equipped with an adjusting screw 9 and a clamping screw 10.

The vibration sensor operates as follows.

Before starting the measurements, the measuring rod 3 is brought into contact with the surface of the monitored object. In this case, the sensor housing is fixed on a fixed base (not shown). The adjusting screw 9 sets the working clearances of the magnetic heads to the zero position and fix this position with the clamping screw 10.

When the object under test oscillates in the direction coinciding with the longitudinal axis of the measuring rod 3, the magnetism of different sections of the rod is fixed by the magnetic heads of block 5 and the information in the form of electrical impulses is removed at the output of the magnetic heads, i.e. receive a digital signal. When the working gaps of the zero-position magnetic heads pass (magnetic mark on the rod 3), the polarity of the pulses is reversed, which allows, if necessary, to analyze the amplitudes of the pulses of both polarities. Recording density

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Information on the rod 3 can reach several tens of pulses per millimeter of its length, which determines the accuracy of the vibration measurement.

5 Electric signals taken from the block of magnetic heads are fed to the secondary equipment, which, depending on the tasks in front of it, can determine the average

About the value of the amplitude of vibration, the averaged value of the frequency (period) of the oscillations, the sample of oscillations, the frequency or amplitude of which lies within the specified limits, as well as other required vibration parameters.

For this, the pulses from the magnetic head, which fixes the passage of the zero pulse, are used to determine the number of vibratory displacements of 20 research institutes of the object being measured, and using the Other magnetic heads to determine the amplitude of the zip displacement. For example, the average amplitude value of a vibration is obtained by determining

25. The sum of the amplitude of the sum of all | amplitudes of the oscillations per unit time measured by a time counter. The number of oscillations is equal to half the number of passes

30 magnetic heads zero position. The average vibration frequency is determined by measuring the number of vibrations with a pulse counter for a unit measured by time counter.

es meni. The period of oscillations is determined by measuring the time between two passes of a block of magnetic heads of zero, position.

i The use of the proposed sensor allows to effectively isolate the low-frequency component of vibration and, at the same time, directly interface it with various pulsed devices and computers, and the high accuracy of measurements is determined by the recording density on the rod and the design features of the magnetic heads. Vibration information from the magnetic heads can be recorded after an appropriate amplification on a magnetic tape and, if necessary, then reproduced, which is important when analyzing the properties of the monitored object. The proposed sensor is simple in design,

Claims (1)

55 is easy to manufacture, has a small weight and size, has a small inertia, which is determined mainly by the weight of the aluminum rod and the properties of the spring. By obtaining the output signal, the noise immunity of the sensor is digitally duplicated. The invention includes a vibration sensor, comprising a housing mounted on it with the possibility of axial movement of a spring-loaded measuring rod and sensing elements arranged on the housing, characterized in that, in order to improve noise immunity, the measuring rod is made of paramagnetic material with a rectangular cross section and coated on one of its sides by a layer of a ferromagnet having a non-uniform magnetization along the length of the rod, and the reading elements are made in the form of a block of magnetic heads Finds schihs in contact with the ferromagnetic layer. u 6 3 g