SU1265476A1 - Optoelectronic device for measuring linear and angular displacements - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a measurement technique and can be used to measure linear and angular displacements of objects, in particular, to measure angular oscillations during vibration tests. The aim of the invention is to improve the accuracy and broaden the dynamic range of angular displacement measurements by increasing the signal level and increasing the amount of information. The device allows at the expense of two adders, a differential amplifier, a full-wave rectifier and certain connections between them, as well as with a discrete photovoltage converter, as well as additional connections of the device with the control node, to increase the level of the information signal, since the signal is not removed from one photodetector line, and from all at once, which makes it possible to expand the dynamic range, that is, the dynamic range in the device is determined by the linear dimensions of the entire range of photodetectors, and not by the size of a single photodetector. The connection of the photodetector lines with two adders and the connections of cyrtmators with the inputs of the differential amplifier allow to distinguish a high-level difference information signal from the outputs of the adders. reduces the sensitivity of the device to extreme effects. 1 s. .f-ly, 2 Il.

Description

The invention relates to measuring technique and can be used to measure linear and angular movements of controlled objects, in particular for measuring angular vibrations, for example, during vibration testing of products.

The aim of the invention is to increase accuracy and expand the dynamic range of measurements of angular displacements by increasing the level of the information signal.

In FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of the proposed device; on .. 2 graphs of the signals on the circuit elements.

An optical-electronic device for measuring linear and angular displacements consists of an optical system 1 for forming interference or moire bands connected in series with a discrete photoconverter 2, optically coupled to system 1, block 3 of the shapers, block 4 of the account and block 5 of the display. The shaper unit 3 is made in the form of an amplifying unit 6, a switch 7, an And element; 8 and sequentially connected clock pulses generator 9 and a control unit 10, the outputs of the amplifying unit 6 and the main outputs of the control unit 10 being connected to a switch 7, the output of which connected to the first input of the element And 8 and the second input of the control unit 10. The first additional output of the control unit 10 is connected to the second input of the AND element 8, and the second to the second input of the account unit 4. The output of the clock generator 9 is connected to the third input of the And 8 element, the output of which is connected to the first input of the account unit 4. The device also contains a first adder 11, a second adder 12, a differential amplifier 13, a half-wave rectifier 14, a comparison circuit 15 consisting of a second differential amplifier 16 and a comparator 17 connected in series, a sawtooth voltage generator 18 and a second element And 19, the second input of which is connected with the output of the frequency multiplier 20, and the output is connected to the third input of the account unit 4. The second input of the comparison circuit 15 is connected to the first output of the half-wave rectifier 14 and the third input of the control unit 10. The third input of the element And 19 is connected with the fourth additional output of the control unit 10. The first input of the control unit 10 is connected to the input of the frequency multiplier 20 and the third input of the element And 8 “The input of the sawtooth voltage generator 18 is connected with the third additional output of the control unit 10. The first input of the element And 19 is also connected with the fourth input 10 of the control unit 10, and the second input of the half-wave rectifier 14 with the second input of the display unit 5. Discrete photoconverter 2 is used to convert the optical signal 15 into an electric one and contains a system of parallel electrically isolated photodetectors made in the form of two lines, the width of one photosensitive 20 layer of the photodetector being chosen less than the width of the interference or moire band at the maximum repetition rate, and the maximum angle of inclination of the boundary section of interference fringes should not exceed the linear dimensions of the entire line of photodetectors. As a discrete photoconverter 2, you can use the photomatrix and use two columns (line of photodetectors).

The outputs of each of the lines are connected to the inputs of the corresponding adder 12 and 11, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the differential amplifier 13, and the output of the last is: ^{35 is not} connected to the input of a half-wave rectifier 14. The outputs of the second line of photodetectors are also connected to the inputs of the amplifier unit 6. Node 10 control is made in the form of a binary counter 21, the decoder-22, the first element AND 23, the first trigger 24, the comparator 25, the integrating RC chain 26, the element 27, the one-shot 28, the second element AND

and. the second trigger 30, and the input of the counter 21 is the first input of the control unit 10, the outputs of the decoder 22 are the main outputs of the control unit 10, the input of the first element ⁵⁰ AND 23 is the second input, the output of the first trigger 24 is the first additional output, the input of the comparator 25 third input, single-vibrator output 28 second additional output, AND55 element output 27 - third additional output, input of the second AND-NOT element 29 fourth input, and the output of the second trigger is the fourth additional output of the control unit 10. The outputs of the counter 21 are connected to the inputs of the decoder 22, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the first trigger 24, the output of the first NAND 23 element is connected to the 5 second input of the first trigger 24. The last output of the decoder 22 is connected to the input of the one-shot 28, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second trigger 30, with the first input? Yu element And 27 and with inputs. Reset counter 21 and decoder 22. The output of the second element AND-NOT 29 is connected to the second input of the second trigger 30, and the output of the comparator 25 through the integrating 15 RC chain 26 is connected to the second input of the element And 27.

The device operates as follows.

In the presence of angular displacements 20 of the object relative to the horizontal axis, the reference and signal beams diverge at the output of the optical system 1 for forming interference or moire fringes by an angle 25 equal to the angle of rotation of the object. The divergence of beams leads to a change in the width of the interference or moiré fringes at a value equal to ^v = 2sfc ^'30 where b - width of one or moire interference bands;

B is the wavelength of the source of monochromatic radiation;

ί is the angle between the reference and signal beams.

By fixing the value of the width of the interference or moire bands incident on the discrete photoconverter 2, it is possible to unambiguously determine the ⁴⁰ angular oscillations of the object. The following restrictions apply. The angular vibrations of the object under investigation lie

О & 9 within _х arc ^ id where θ is the angle of deviation of the surface of the controlled object relative to the horizontal axis in the vertical plane normal to the beam incident on it;

R is the radius of the circle created by the beam from the output of the monochromatic emitter;

J is the distance from the controlled object to the plane on which the reference and signal beams converge.

In the initial state, when the plane of the controlled object is normal to the incident beam from the output of the monochromatic emitter, two bands (with maximum and minimum illumination) are extracted from the interference pattern, they are projected onto the receiving part of the discrete photoconverter 2, the width of which is equal to the width of the strip selection.

With normal displacements of the object, the interface of the two interference fringes moves along the photosensitive surface of the discrete photoconverter 2, while the width of the interference fringes remains unchanged. If the controlled object has angular oscillations of its surface, then the spatial frequency of the interference fringes changes, i.e. their shiriya changes.

I

The electrical signals are picked up from the output of the discrete photoconverter 2 and fed to the input of the amplifier unit 6, the output of which is either 0 '\' or 1, depending on which band is currently on the photosensitive surface of the photodetector of the discrete photoconverter 2 . The plug-and-play unit 6 in this case can '.

consist, for example, of amplifiers. analog signals and comparators with a given threshold. The clock generator 9 generates at the output (Fig. 2a) a sequence of rectangular pulses, which are transmitted through the counter 21 (Fig. 2 S) to the inputs of the decoder 22, the polling pulses (Fig. 2 δ) are generated at the outputs of the latter, which are alternately through the switch 7 interrogate the state of the photodetectors of the second line of the discrete photoconverter 2. At the output of the switch 7, a sequence of pulses is formed (Fig. 2 e), the width of which determines the width of the interference or moire fringes projected onto the discrete photoconverter ovatel 2. The pulses output from the switch 7 provided to a first input of AND 8

1265476 6 an object relative to its, for example, horizontal axis (in the vertical plane) can be determined from the expression arc sin 2 tk and at the moment of their transition from state 0 to state 1 there is a resolution at the first input of element 8. At the same time as the cycle of polling elements discrete photoconverter 5 For 2, the first pulse from the output of the decoder 22 is fed to the input C6poci 'of the first trigger 24, transferring it to the logical state 1 (Fig.2 ^), thereby forming a resolution signal for the second input of the element And 8. When the information signal From the output of switch 7 in the form of logical 1, the inverse signal is removed from the output of the first AND-NOT 23 element (Fig. 2 *), along the trailing edge of which the first trigger 24 is transferred to state 0 (Fig. 2 ^), thereby the inhibit signal at the second input of AND element 8 until the end of this polling period of the elements of the second line of discrete photoconverter 2. '. Thus, the pulses from the clock generator 9 pass through the AND element 8 to the input of the counting unit 4 (Fig. 2 and) from the moment the information signal appears at the first input of the And 8 element and end with the occurrence of the inhibit signal (Fig. 2 j) on the second input of element And 8. The last pulse (in each polling period) from the output of the decoder 22 is fed to a single-shot 28, which generates a short pulse (Fig. 2 ^) at the second input of the counting unit 4, and information from the block on the back edge of the pulse 4 accounts are entered in the display unit 5. At the same time, the pulses from the output of the one-shot 28 block the count-d ₀ chic 21 and the decoder 22, set the second trigger 30 to state 1 (Fig. 2sc) and reset the sawtooth voltage generator 13 through the And 27 element (Fig. 2 at time -t ₄ ).

The frequency of pulses from the output of the generator of 9 clock pulses is chosen not less than twice the maximum repetition frequency of interference or moire bands, and the width of one photosensitive layer of the photodetector of the discrete photoconverter 2 should be no more than j the narrowest interference or: moire band obtained by angular oscillations of the object) . In this case, the angle by which shifts where * λ

- the angle at which the object has shifted;

- the wavelength of the source of monochromatic radiation;

- the pulse repetition period from the output of the clock generator;

- the number of pulses registered blocks of indication.

Therefore, the number of pulses (K) transmitted through the And 8 element in a given interrogation period of the elements of the discrete photoconverter is directly proportional to the angular rotation of the controlled object relative to its horizontal axis.

When fluctuating with respect to, for example, the horizontal axis (in the vertical plane), the slope of the interference bands on both photodetector lines of the discrete photoconverter 2 is the same, and when cutting out a small portion from the entire interference pattern, the size of which determines the distance between the photodetector lines and on which the curvature of the interference rings can be Neglected, the lines on both rulers are flat. Therefore, the total signal taken from the outputs of the adders 11 and 12 for each of the lines is the same, and the signal at the output of the differential amplifier 13 is zero (Fig. 2e at the moment i ₀ - £,) .. In this case, from the output of a half-wave rectifier 14 (Fig. 2m at the moment - ί,) a zero signal is also taken. Which signal is supplied through the comparator 25 (Fig. 2m), which integrates the RC chain 26 (Fig. 2c) and the And 2Ί element (Fig. 2p) to the generator input 18 sawtooth voltage, thereby blocking the latter (Fig. 2 l at the time i ₀ -t,). .; From the output of the second differential amplifier 16 of the comparison circuit 15 at the time t ₀ - t, a zero signal is also taken (Fig. 2 <p), which is fed through the comparator 17 to

1265476 'input of the element And 19 (Fig. 2 c), thereby blocking the passage of pulses from the output of the frequency multiplier 20 to the third input of the account unit 4 (Fig. 2 at the moment i ₀ - i,), and 5 5 there are no indications of angular displacements relative to the vertical axis.

When vibrations about the vertical axis due to a change in inclination of 10 on. the interface of the interference or moire bands at the outputs of the adders 11 and 12 there will be a different signal, and the magnitude of the difference signal taken from the output 15 of the differential amplifier 13 is proportional to the change in the slope of the interface of the interference or moire bands. The magnitude of the signal from the output of the differential amplifier 13 can 20 be both in the positive and in the negative region (Fig. 2 l), depending on which side the interference bands tilt on the lines of the photodetectors 25 To bring the magnitude of the information signal from the differential output amplifier 13 in one voltage region (positive) uses a half-wave rectifier 14, 39 the use of which will increase! measurement accuracy, since there is no need for a sawtooth voltage generator 18 to have a highly stable bipolar voltage source for generating a sawtooth voltage for positive and negative values of the information signal. This also allows to simplify the control circuit of the generator ₄ θ 18 sawtooth voltage. The signal from the first output of the half-wave rectifier 14 (Fig. 2 ") leads to the transfer of the comparator 25 (the threshold of which Iη is selected ₄₅ near zero, Fig. 2m).

The positive signal difference from the output of the comparator 25 (Fig. 2n) through the integrating RC-chain_26 (Fig. 2 p) and the element And 27 (Fig. 2 p) ₅₀ leads to the start of the generator 18 sawtooth voltage (Fig. 2U) /

From the output of the second differential amplifier 16 in the comparison circuit 15, a difference signal (Fig. 2 cf) 55 between the information and sawtooth voltages is recorded (the information signal is shown by a dashed line). In the moments of transition of the signal from the output of the second differential amplifier 16 through zero, i.e. when ynfor levels ·; mation and sawtooth stresses coincide), the comparator 17 changes its state (Fig. 2c). The pulses from the output of the comparator 17 through the second AND-NOT element 29 of the control unit 10, where they are inverted (Fig. 2 c), control the operation of the second, trigger 30 so that at the moment the signal changes from 0 to 1, trigger 30 is transferred from 1 to 0 (Fig. 2 s) until the end of the interrogation cycle of the elements of the discrete photoconverter 2. The width of the pulses taken from the output of the comparator 17 (Fig. 2 y) is directly proportional to the value of the information signal, and hence the angular displacement of the object.

The pulses of the S. output of the frequency multiplier 20 (Fig. 2 9) through the second element And 19 are fed to the input of the counting unit 4 (Fig. 2u), and the moment of their appearance is synchronized with the appearance of the information signal. In the form of a logical ”1 at the first input of the second element And 19 (Fig. 2c), and the end - with the appearance of the inhibit signal in the form of a logical 0 (Fig. 2m) along the third input of the second element And 19. The slew rate and the amplitude of the sawtooth voltage at the output of the generator 18 should be sufficient to fix the value of voltage removed from the output and differential amplifier 13 at the maximum expected angular displacement of the object.

The repetition period of the reset pulses from the output of the one-shot 28 is selected based on the fact that the number of changes in the level of the information signal during one period of the Following pulses does not exceed one. In this case, each angular displacement of the object is recorded in the subsequent period of the interrogation of the elements of the discrete photoconverter 2. At the moment of the information signal passing through the zero level, a short impulse arises at the output of the comparator 25 (Fig. 2 n) at the moment tp, which can lead to a reset of the generator 18 sawtooth voltage. Therefore, to * compensate for this impulse in node 10 unitary enterprise: an integrating 'RS chain 26 is used (Fig. · 2 η at the moment -t,).

When the error signal appears at the output of the differential amplifier 13 from the second output of the two

tk arctg of a half-period rectifier, the information on the sign of the error signal, according to which the direction of the angular displacements with respect to the vertical axis is received, is supplied to the additional input of the indication unit 5.

When the second pulse appears with the 10th output of the comparator 17 (Fig. 2 c, at the moment C ~ ^ b) after the first pulse (Fig. 2 c, at the time i, _s- i ₄ ), in this period, the survey of elements of the discrete photoconverter 2 pulse 15 from the output of the frequency multiplier 20 through the second element And 19 do not pass, because at the end of the first pulse from the output of the second trigger 30 (Fig. 2 uj, the moment for -C) is received. 20, a ban signal is sent to the third input of the second AND element 19, which blocks the last one until the end of the polling cycle, i.e. before the appearance of the next reset pulse from the output of a single-shot 25 ra 28 (Fig. 2.

Thus, the larger the signal. mismatch at the output of the differential amplifier 13, the greater the number of pulses will pass to the block 4 accounts, i.e. the number of pulses at the output of the second element And 19 (Fig.2'0) determines the amount of angular displacement relative to the vertical axis.

Based on the resolving power of 35 devices, the frequency is selected where is the magnitude of the angular displacement of the controlled object g relative to the vertical axis;

T is the pulse repetition period at the output of the frequency multiplier 20;

K is the number of pulses at the output of the element And 19;

- the distance from the controlled object to the plane of the photodetectors;

Ά is the wavelength of the radiation source.

Claims (2)

The invention relates to a measurement technique and can be used to measure linear and angular displacements of monitored objects, in particular, to measure angular oscillations, for example, during vibration tests of products.   The aim of the invention is to increase: the accuracy and expansion of the dynamic range of measurements of angular displacements by increasing the level of the information signal.  FIG.  1 shows a block diagram of the proposed device; in fig. .  2 graphs of signals on circuit elements.  An optoelectronic device for measuring linear and global movements consists of an optical system 1 for forming interference or moire bands connected in series with a discrete photo converter 2 optically coupled to system 1, a shaping unit 3, a counting unit 4 and a display unit 5.  The block 3 of the formers is made in the form of an amplifier unit 6, a switch 7, an element IG 8 and connected in series generator 9 clock pulses and a control unit 10 and the outputs of the amplifier unit 6 and the main outputs of the control unit 10 are connected to a switch 7, the output of which is connected to the first input element And 8 and the second input of the node 10 of the control.  The first additional output of the control unit 10 is connected to the second input of the And 8 element, and the second to the second input of the counting unit 4.  The output of the generator 9 clock pulses connected to the third input element And 8, the output of which is connected to the first input of the block 4 account.  The device also contains the first adder 11, the second adder 12, the differential amplifier 13.  a full-wave rectifier 14, a comparison circuit 15, an oscillator from a series connected second differential amplifier 16 and a comparator 17, a saw voltage generator 18 and a second terminal 19, the second input of which is connected to the output of the frequency multiplier 20 and the output connected to the third input block 4 accounts.  The second comparison input 15 is associated with the first output of the full-wave rectifier 14 and the third input of the control unit 10.  The third input element And 19 is associated with the fourth additional output node 10 of the control.  The first input of the control node 10 is associated with the input of the frequency multiplier 20 and the third input of the And 8 element.  The input of the sawtooth generator 18 is connected with the third additional output of the control unit 10.  The first input element AND 19 is also connected to the fourth input of the control unit 10, and the second input of the full-wave rectifier 14 to the second input of the display unit 5.  The discrete photoconverter 2 serves to convert the optical signal into an electrical one and contains a system of parallel electrically isolated photodetectors made in the form of two lines, with the olirin of one photosensitive layer of the photoreceiver selected less than the width of the interference or moire band at the maximum frequency of their following, and the maximum angle of inclination of the interface bands should not exceed the linear dimensions of the entire line of photodetectors.  A photomatrix can be used as a discrete photoconverter 2 and use two columns (lines of photodetectors). The outputs of each line are connected to the inputs of the corresponding adder 12 and 11, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the differential amplifier 13, and the output of the last connection; with a full-wave rectifier input 14.  The outputs of the second line of photodetectors are also connected to the inputs of the amplifier node 6.  The control unit 10 is made in the form of a binary counter 21, a decoder 22, the first element AND 23, the first trigger 24, a comparator 25, an integrating RC chain 26, element 27, a single vibrator 28, the second element AND 19 and 29.  the second trigger 30, where the input of the counter 21 is the first input of the control unit 10, the outputs of the decoder 22 are the main outputs of the control unit 10, the input of the first element. E 23 - the second input, the output of the first trigger 24 - the first additional output, the input of the comparator 25 the third input, the output of the one-shot 28 the second additional output, the output element And 27 - the third additional output, the input of the second element AND-29 the fourth input, and the output of the second trigger 30 is the fourth additional 31 output of control unit 10.  The outputs of the counter 21 are connected to the inputs of the decoder 22, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the first trigger 24, the output of the first AND-NE element 23 is connected to the second input of the first trigger 24.  The last output of the decoder 22 is connected to the input of the single vibrator 28, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second trigger 30, to the first input of the And element 27 and to the Reset inputs of the counter 21 and the decoder 22.  The output of the second element NAND 29 is connected to the second input of the second trigger 30, and the output of the comparator 25 is connected via the integrating RC-chain 26 to the second input of the element 27.  The device works as follows.  If there are angular displacements of the object relative to the horizontal axis, the reference and signal beams diverge at the output of the optical system 1 to form interference or moire bands by an angle equal to the angle of rotation of the object.  The divergence of the beams leads to a change in the width of the interference or moire bands by an amount equal to b, where b is the width of one interference or moire band; Ti is the wavelength of the monochromatic radiation source; i is the angle between the reference and signal beams.  ; Fixing the width of the interference or moire fringes falling on the discrete transducer 2 can uniquely determine the angular oscillations of the object.  The following restrictions apply.  The angular oscillations of the object under study lie within O.  9 .    the angle of deviation of the surface of the test object relative to the horizontal axis in the vertical plane normal to the beam incident on it; the radius of the circle created by the beam from the output of the monochromatic radiator; 476 J is the distance from the object under test to the plane on which the reference and signal beams converge.  In the initial state, when the plane of the object under test is normal to the beam incident on it from the output of the monochromatic radiator, two bands are separated from the interference pattern (with a maximum. and minimal illumination), projecting them onto the receiving part of the discrete photoconverter 2, whose width is equal to the width of the selection of the bands.  At normal displacements of the object, the boundary between the two interference fringes moves along the photosensitive surface of the discrete photoconverter 2, while the width of the interference fringes remains unchanged.  If the object under test has angular oscillations of its surface, then the spatial frequency of the following interference fringes changes, t. e.  their width changes.  I From the output of the discrete photoconverter 2, electrical signals are taken and fed to the input of the amplifier node 6, from the output of which either O, or 1 is removed, depending on which band is currently on the photosensitive surface of the photodetector of the dis- tide photoconverter 2 .  The wireless node 6 may, for example, consist of analog signal amplifiers and comparators with a predetermined threshold.  The clock generator 9 generates at the output (FIG.  2 a) a sequence of rectangular pulses that, through counter 21 (FIG.  2 S) are fed to the inputs of the decoder 22; polling pulses are generated at the outputs of the latter (Fig.  2 &amp;), which alternately through the switch 7 interrogate the state of the photodetectors of the second line of the discrete photoconverter 2.  At the output of the switch 7, a sequence of pulses is formed (FIG.  2 e), whose width determines the width of the interference or moire fringes projected on the discrete photoconverter 2.  The pulses from the output of the switch 7 arrive at the first input of the element AND 8, and at the moment of their transition from the state O to the state 1 there is a resolution on the first input of the element I 8.  Simultaneously with the beginning of the polling cycle of the elements of the discrete photoconverter L 2, the first pulse from the output of the decoder 22 is fed to the input C6poc i of the first trigger 24, shifting it to the logical 1 state (Fig. 2 j). thereby, a signal is generated that is resolved on the second input of the element AND 8.  When an information signal appears from the output of the switch 7 in the form of a logical 1 from the output of the first element NAND 23, an inverse signal is removed (Fig.  2), at the falling front of which the first trigger 24 is transferred to the state O (FIG.  2), thus, a prohibition signal is generated at the second input of the element And 8 until the end of the given polling period of the elements of the second line of the discrete transducer 2.   .  Thus, the pulses from the clock pulse generator 9 pass through the AND 8 element to the input of the counting unit 4 (Fig.  2 i) from the moment to the left.  information signal at the first input element And 8 and end with the appearance of the prohibition signal (Fig.  2 at the second input element And 8.  The last pulse (in each polling period) from the output of the decoder 22 is fed to the one-shot 28, which forms a short pulse (FIG. 2) at the second input of the counting unit 4, and on the back edge of the pulse, the information from the counting unit 4 is entered into the indication unit 5.  At the same time, the pulses from the output of the one-shot 28 block the counter 21 and the decoder 22, set the second trigger 30 to the state, 1 (FIG.  2) and through the element And 27, the gene for ator 13 of the sawtooth voltage is released (Fig.  2 y at the time-time i -li).  The frequency of the pulses from the generator output of 9 clock pulses is chosen not less than twice the maximum frequency of the interference or moire fringes, and the width of one photosensitive layer of the photodetector of the discrete photoconverter 2 must not be more than j of the narrowest interference or: moire band, obtained during the object's angular oscillations ).  In this case, the magnitude of the angle at which the mixes 766 object is located relative to its, for example, horizontal axis (in the vertical plane) can be determined from the expression.  sin 2 tk where 9 is the angle by which the object was displaced} is the wavelength of the source of monochromatic radiation; T is the period of the following pulses from the output of the clock pulse generator; k is the number of pulses registered by the display units.  Consequently, the number of pulses (K) transmitted through the element I 8 in a given polling period of the elements of a discrete photoconverter is directly proportional to the magnitude of the angular rotation of the object being monitored relative to its horizontal axis.  When oscillations are relative to, for example, the horizontal axis (in the vertical plane), the slope of the interference bands on both lines of the photodetectors of the discrete photoconverter 2 is the same, and when cutting out the entire interference pattern of an insignificant area, the size of which determines the distance between the lines of the photoreceivers and on which the curvature of the interference rings can be neglected, the lines on both rulers are smooth.  Consequently, the total signal taken from the outputs of adders 11 and 12 for each of the lines is the same, and the signal at the output of the differential amplifier 13 is zero (FIG.  2n at the time,). .  In this case, from the output of the full-wave rectifier 14 (FIG.  2m at time ij,. () the zero signal is also taken. which is through a comparator 25 (FIG.  2 n) integrating the RC-chain 26 (FIG.  2 p) and element 27 (fig.  2 p) is fed to the input of the saw-tooth generator 18, thereby blocking the latter (FIG.  2 y at time i, -t,).  ; From the output of the second differential amplifier 16 of the comparison circuit 15 at the time tg - t, the zero signal is also removed (Fig.  2 (f), which through the comparator 17 is fed to the first input of the element I 19 (Fig.  2c), thereby blocking the passage of pulses from the output of frequency multiplier 20 to the third input of counting unit 4 (FIG.  2 at the moment ig - i), and the block 5 of the indication of the angular displacements relative to the vertical axis is missing.  When oscillations about the vertical axis due to a change in the slope, the interfaces of the interference or moire bands at the outputs of the adders 11 and 12, the signal is different in magnitude, and the magnitude of the difference signal taken from the output of the differential amplifier 13 is proportional to the change in the slope of the interface or moire strips.  The magnitude of the signal from the output of the differential amplifier 13 may be in both the positive and negative regions (Fig. 2 l), depending on the direction in which the slope of the interfendionic strips on the photodetector lines occurred to bring the magnitude of the information signal from the output of the differential amplifier 13 into one voltage region (positive) using a full-wave rectifier 14, the use of which will allow measurement accuracy, since there is no need to have a highly stable two-pole voltage source in the sawtooth generator 18 to form the saw-tooth voltage for positive and negative values of the information signal.  This also makes it possible to simplify the control circuit of the sawtooth generator 18.  The signal from the first output of the full-wave rectifier 14 (FIG.  2w) causes the comparator 25 to be relocated (the trigger threshold of which UM is selected near the cups, fig.  2m).   Polzkittelny signal difference from the output of the comparator 25 (FIG.  2 n) via the integrating RC-chain 26 (FIG.  2 p) and element 27 and (fig.  2 p) starts up the saw-tooth generator 18 (Fig.  2y) A / C. The output of the second differential amplifier 16 in the comparison circuit 15 is the difference signal (FIG.  2f) between the information and sawtooth stresses (the information signal is shown by the dotted line).  Vmo-  signal transitions from the output of the second differential amplifier 16 through zero, t. e.  when levels are infor; and the sawtooth voltage are the same), the comparator 17 changes its state (Fig.  2c,).  The pulses from the output of the comparator 17 through the second element AND-NOT 29 of the control unit 10, where they are inverted (Fig.  24), control the operation of the second.  first trigger 30, so that at the moment of the signal transition from O to 1, the trigger 30 is transferred from 1 to O (FIG.  2) until the end of the cycle of polling the elements of the discrete inverter 2. The width of the pulses taken from the output of the comparator 17 (FIG.  2 u), is directly proportional to the magnitude of the MaipioHHoro signal and, consequently, to the angular displacement of the object.  Impulses with output of frequency multiplier 20 (FIG.  29) through the second element And 19 arrive at the input of the block 4 accounts (FIG.  2y), and the time of their appearance is synchronized with the appearance of the information signal. in the form of logical 1 at the first input of the second element And 19 (FIG.  2c), and the ending - with the appearance of a prohibition signal in the form of a logical O (FIG.  2m) at the third entrance of the second element I 19.  The slew rate and amplitude of the sawtooth voltage at the output of the generator 18 should be sufficient to fix the voltage taken from the output of the differential amplifier 13 prn maximum expected angular displacement of the object.  The period of the following pulses from the output of the one-shot 28 is chosen based on the fact that the number of changes in the level of the information signal during one pulse-following period does not exceed one.  In this case, each angular displacement of the object is recorded in the subsequent period of interrogation of the elements of the discrete photoconverter 2.  At the moment of transition of the information signal through the zero level, a short pulse occurs at the output of the comparator 25 (FIG. 2  n at time t -e which may cause a sawtooth generator 18 to reset.  Therefore, to compensate for this pulse, control unit 10 uses the integrating R6 chain 26 (FIG.  2 n at time a -1,).  When the error signal appears at the output of the differential amplifier 13 from the second output of the full-wave rectifier, the additional input of the display unit 5 receives information about the sign of the error signal, which is used to judge the direction of the angular displacements relative to the vertical axis.  When a second pulse appears from the output of the comparator 17 (FIG.  2 LI, at the moment of th after the appearance of the first pulse (Fig.  2 and, at the moment i ,, -t4 in this period, a survey of the elements of the discrete photoconverter 2 of them. the pulses from the output of the frequency multiplier 20 do not pass through the second element I 19, since at the end of the first pulse from the second trigger 30 (Fig.  2 s, moment in i.  ) a prohibition signal is received at the third input of the second element I 19, which blocks the latter until the end of the poll cycle, t. e.  until the appearance of the next reset pulse from the output of the one-shot 28 (FIG.  2).  So the bigger the signal.  the error at the output of the differential amplifier 13, the greater the number of pulses will pass to the block 4 of the account, t. e.  the number of pulses at the output of the second element And 19 (FIG. 210) determines the magnitude of the angular displacement relative to the vertical axis.  Based on the resolution of the device, the frequency of short pulses at you is selected in the course of frequency multiplier 20.  The higher the device resolution should be, t. e.  than smaller ones. the angular displacements are measured, the higher the pulse frequency should be chosen at the output of frequency multiplier 20.  The number of elements in the rulers of a discrete phototransform l 2 is selected, based on the maximum cooled angular displacement of the object, t. e.  from the slope of the boundary of the interference bands.  The greater the slope, t. e.  than wider e is the dynamic range of measurements, the more you need to take more photo receivers in the rulers of a discrete photoconverter 2. The value of angular displaced: it is relative to the vertical axis to be determined from the relation 1 76 where dp is the magnitude of the angular displacement of the controlled: object relative to the vertical axis; T is the period of the following pulses at the output of the frequency multiplier 20;} K is the number of pulses at the output of the element I 19; - the distance from the object to be monitored to the plane of the photodetectors; L is the wavelength of the radiation source. Claim 1. Optoelectronic device for measuring linear and angular displacements, containing an optical network for forming interference or moire bands, a discrete photovoltage transducer, made in the form of two lines of photodetectors arranged parallel to each other on the same level, connected to a world of radios, connected to one of the lines of the discrete photoconverter, the counting unit and the display unit, the driver unit consists of an amplifier node, a switch and an element And, serially connected clock generator and control unit, the outputs of the amplifying unit and the main control unit outputs are connected to a switch whose output is coupled to a first input of the second AND gate and. the input of the control unit, the first additional output of which is connected to the second input of the element I, and the second; connected to the second input of the counting unit; at the input of the clock pulse generator, it is connected to the third input of the element I whose output is connected to the first input of the counting unit, a frequency multiplier connected in series to the sawtooth voltage generator, the comparison circuit and the second element I whose second input connected to the output of the frequency multiplier, the second input of the comparison circuit is connected to the third input of the control unit of the driver unit, the input of the sawtooth generator is connected to the third additional output of the control unit block Formers, the first input of which is connected to the input of the frequency multiplier, the third input of the counting unit is connected to the output of the second element AND, characterized in that, in order to increase Accuracy and expand the dynamic range of the measurements of angular displacements, the device is equipped with first and second adders differential an amplifier, a full-wave rectifier, the first output of which is connected to the second input of the comparison circuit, the display unit is equipped with an additional input that is connected to the second output of the full-wave output Ate, the inputs of the first adder are connected to the outputs of the second line of the discrete photoconverter, and the inputs of the second adder to the outputs of the first line, the outputs of both adders are connected to the inputs of the differential amplifier, the output of which is connected to the input of the full-wave rectifier, the control node is additionally equipped with a fourth additional input and the fourth additional output, the output of the comparison circuit is connected to the fourth input of the control unit of the driver unit, the fourth additional output of the control node of the connection n to the third input of the second AND gate, and the comparison circuit consists of a series Compound differentsialnoto second amplifier and a comparator. 2, The device according to claim 1, of claim 1, so that the control node is designed as a binary counter, a decoder, the first NAND element, the first trigger, a comparator, an integrating RC chain, And, the one-shot, the second element IS-NOT and the second trigger, the counter input is the first input of the control node, the decoder outputs the main outputs of the control node, the input of the first AND-NOT element is the second input, the output of the first trigger is the first additional output, the input is comparative third input one-shot output the second additional output, the output of the AND element is the third additional output, the input of the second element IS-NOT the fourth input, and the output of the second trigger is the fourth additional output of the control unit of the driver unit, the counter outputs are connected to the decoder inputs, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the first trigger, output The first element is NOT connected to the second input of the first trigger, the last output of the decoder is connected to the input of the one-shot, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second trigger, to the first input of the element And and to the inputs Reset of the second element and IS NOT connected to the second input of the second trigger, and the output of the comparator through the integrating chain is connected to the second input of the AND element.